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Summary

Researchers at HiddenLayer have created a new technique called the Policy Puppetry Attack, which can bypass safety measures in major AI models from companies like OpenAI, Google, Microsoft, and others. This method allows users to generate harmful content despite models being trained to avoid such requests.

The technique is universal and transferable, meaning that one prompt can be used across different AI systems to produce harmful outputs. It works by disguising prompts as policy files, tricking the AI into ignoring its safety instructions.

This method poses significant risks because it can easily be adapted for various harmful behaviors, such as promoting violence or self-harm. It shows that current AI models have fundamental weaknesses and can’t reliably prevent users from extracting dangerous information or instructions.

The findings highlight the need for better security measures and testing for organizations using AI, as traditional methods of alignment may not be sufficient to prevent misuse. Overall, the research underscores serious vulnerabilities in how AI systems are trained and managed.

The article discusses a project called College Punch, which allows students to "punch" colleges that rejected them, as a form of harmless revenge. The project gained significant popularity, with over 4 million punches logged in two weeks.

The idea stemmed from an earlier app the author created to track college admissions. After sharing it on a Discord server, users suggested the punch feature, leading to the development of College Punch.

The author faced several challenges during the launch, including:

1. High traffic: Launching on Ivy Day caused an unexpected spike in users.
2. Technical issues: The app had bugs due to lack of testing and misconfigured databases, leading to a reset of the leaderboard.
3. Bots: The author underestimated the likelihood of bots targeting the site, requiring significant code changes to manage.

Notably, the most "punched" college initially was a fictional one, Batman University. The author plans to bring back College Punch during future college application seasons but currently has it offline due to server costs. The project was a valuable learning experience about databases and scaling.

The Slate Truck is an innovative American-made electric pickup set to launch at under $20,000 after federal incentives. It features a minimalist design, seating for two, a 150-mile range, and lacks traditional features like paint, a stereo, and a touchscreen, promoting a "digital detox" approach. The truck's body is made of durable plastic, which simplifies manufacturing by eliminating the need for a paint shop and metal parts.

Designed for customization, owners can personalize the truck with DIY kits and upgrades, including an SUV conversion. The Slate Truck aims for high safety ratings with essential features but minimal technology, potentially increasing reliability by reducing complex infotainment systems.

Maintenance is designed to be DIY-friendly, with support through “Slate University” for self-repairs, alongside partnerships with service centers for professional help. Direct sales will be offered, with preorders starting at $50 and deliveries expected in late 2026. The truck represents a shift away from the complexity of modern vehicles, but it remains to be seen if consumers will embrace this radical simplicity.

No summary available.

The article discusses a study on erythropoietin (EPO), a hormone that promotes red blood cell production, and its role in cancer immunity. Researchers found that tumor cells produce EPO to evade the immune system, creating an immunosuppressive environment, particularly in liver cancer. High levels of EPO were linked to tumors that lack T cells, which are crucial for fighting cancer.

The study revealed that blocking EPO or its receptor on macrophages (a type of immune cell) led to increased T cell activity and better control of liver cancer. This suggests that the EPO/EPO receptor pathway acts like a switch that can suppress or enhance immune responses against tumors.

In summary, targeting the EPO/EPO receptor pathway could be a promising strategy for improving cancer treatment by converting noninflamed tumors into inflamed ones, making them more responsive to therapies.

Summary: A Love Letter to People Who Believe in People

Tina shares her thoughts on the power of enthusiasm and how it can transform lives. She recalls her childhood when she created a fan club poster, emphasizing that being a fan is about excitement and belief in others. Throughout her life, she has been influenced by various supporters, including her creative Aunt Hugi, her first boss Matthew Waldman, her daughter Ella, and many others who inspired her to pursue her dreams and be bold.

Tina highlights the importance of community and connection, noting how her coworking space and the CreativeMornings initiative have fostered collaboration and support among creative individuals. She believes that when people uplift each other, they can create a cultural shift towards kindness and curiosity.

In essence, Tina encourages readers to embrace their enthusiasm, support others, and create meaningful connections. She invites everyone to be a fan and to believe in the potential of those around them, as this can lead to a brighter and more communal future.

This study, conducted by Lucian Popescu and Nuno P. Lopes, explores the impact of Undefined Behavior (UB) in C and C++ programs on performance optimization. UB refers to scenarios where the programming languages do not define certain behaviors, allowing compilers flexibility in optimization. While UB can potentially enhance performance, the authors found that the actual performance gains from exploiting UB are minimal across various CPU architectures.

Key points from the study include:

1. Undefined Behavior (UB): C and C++ define many behaviors as UB, such as arithmetic overflows and out-of-bounds memory access. This gives compilers the freedom to optimize code without strict adherence to defined behaviors.

2. Compiler Optimizations: The LLVM compiler utilizes UB for optimizations, but the researchers found that these optimizations often lead to only slight performance improvements. In some cases, performance even regressed, which can be mitigated through better optimization algorithms or techniques like link-time optimizations.

3. Research Methodology: The authors modified LLVM to disable the exploitation of different UB categories, allowing them to measure the performance impact of each. They conducted extensive tests on a suite of 24 benchmarks, covering diverse applications.

4. Findings: The results showed that while some benchmarks did improve with the disabling of UB optimizations, the overall performance impact was generally small. On ARM architectures, performance could improve with link-time optimization, while AMD and Intel CPUs demonstrated less sensitivity to UB exploitation.

5. Conclusion: The study suggests a need for careful consideration of UB in programming, as it can lead to unpredictable behaviors and potential security vulnerabilities, while also questioning the extent to which UB optimizations yield significant performance benefits.

In summary, while UB can provide optimization opportunities, its actual performance benefits may be minimal and inconsistent across different systems. The study highlights the importance of evaluating UB's role in programming languages and its implications on security and reliability.

No summary available.

The Liquid Sunlight Alliance (LiSA) is a collaboration of researchers aiming to convert sunlight into liquid fuels. Recently, they developed a device that transforms carbon dioxide into valuable chemicals using a combination of perovskite and copper.

This research, published in Nature Catalysis, mimics the natural process of photosynthesis found in plants. The team, led by scientists from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Caltech, created a small device that acts like an artificial leaf, using sunlight to produce C2 chemicals. These chemicals are important ingredients for various products, including plastics and fuels for larger vehicles.

The LiSA initiative involves over 100 scientists from different institutions and is funded by the U.S. Department of Energy. The goal is to improve the efficiency and scalability of this technology to make solar-powered liquid fuel production more feasible in the future.

BugStalker Summary

BugStalker is a modern debugger designed for Linux x86-64 systems, specifically built in Rust for Rust programming.

Key Features:

• Rust-Native: Tailored for Rust development, emphasizing simplicity.
• Core Debugging: Includes breakpoints, step-by-step execution, signal handling, and watchpoints.
• Advanced Inspection: Supports multithreaded applications, data queries, and deep integration with Rust’s type system for enhanced interaction and variable rendering.
• Flexible Interfaces: Allows users to switch between console and TUI modes anytime.
• Async Support: Compatible with async Rust, including Tokio runtime inspection.
• Extensible Architecture: Features an extension mechanism and a built-in Tokio oracle that requires no code changes.

Installation & Contribution: For installation details, visit the installation page. Contributions, suggestions, and feature implementations are encouraged.

Copyright: © 2025 Derevtsov Konstantin, distributed under the MIT License.

The author discusses their experience with open source software licenses, particularly focusing on the GNU General Public License (GPL). They highlight that while GPLv3 is the latest version, many programs still use GPLv2, which includes a physical mailing address instead of a URL for obtaining the license text. This is because GPLv2 was created in 1991 when most people were not online.

Curious about this address, the author decided to write to it and discovered that they needed to acquire US stamps. They navigated the world of stamp collecting on eBay and eventually sent their request. After several weeks, they received a reply containing the GPLv3 text instead of the requested GPLv2. The author reflects on whether they should have specified the version in their request but ultimately feels satisfied with the response, despite the mix-up. They conclude by noting the effort involved in this postal endeavor and their need for a break afterward.

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On April 23, 2025, OpenAI launched its new image generation model, gpt-image-1, which allows developers to integrate high-quality image creation into their applications. This feature became popular quickly, with over 130 million users generating 700 million images in its first week.

Key points include:

• Integration Across Industries: Many companies, like Adobe, Airtable, and Figma, are using this model to enhance their tools, enabling users to create and edit images easily.

• Practical Applications: The model can generate images in various styles, follow specific guidelines, and render text accurately, making it useful in creative tools, e-commerce, education, and more.

• Examples of Use:

  • Adobe: Integrates image generation into its creative apps.
  • Airtable: Helps marketing teams streamline asset creation.
  • Figma: Allows users to generate and edit images within its design platform.

• Safety Measures: The model includes safety features to prevent harmful image generation and complies with data privacy policies.

• Pricing: The usage is priced per token, with costs varying based on the type of token (text input, image input, and generated images).

The gpt-image-1 model is now available globally, and developers are encouraged to explore its capabilities and start building applications.

The text outlines a discussion about startup ideas, particularly focusing on "tarpit ideas," which are challenging but common concepts that entrepreneurs often pursue. Here are the key points:

1. Tarpit Definition: A tarpit is a metaphor for ideas that seem appealing but are difficult to execute successfully.
2. Consumer Ideas: Many founders gravitate towards consumer-oriented ideas, but these can be particularly tough to execute.
3. Challenges: The discussion highlights why consumer-focused startups face unique difficulties, including high competition and changing market demands.
4. Startup Success Factors: It touches on what makes a startup successful, including timing and market conditions, referencing examples like Google and Facebook.
5. Recent Trends: The conversation also covers emerging ideas and trends in technology, such as Web3.
6. Pivots: Successful pivots, or changes in strategy, are emphasized as critical for startups to adapt and thrive.
7. Closing Thoughts: The discussion wraps up with final reflections on navigating the startup landscape.

Overall, the focus is on understanding the complexities of starting a consumer-focused business and the importance of adaptability.

Summary: A Visual Journey Through Async Rust

The author explains their approach to learning about asynchronous (async) execution in Rust through visualization. They create a graphical representation of sine wave calculations to understand the order and interaction of concurrent tasks.

Key Points:

1. Visualization Approach: The author uses a sine wave to represent the passage of time in async programming, calculating values asynchronously and sending them to a channel for plotting.

2. Concurrency vs. Parallelism: By observing how tasks execute, the author demonstrates that while tasks can run concurrently, they don't necessarily run in parallel unless managed properly. For instance, when CPU-intensive tasks are running, they can block other tasks.

3. Impact of CPU-Intensive Code: The author explores how heavy computations (like a more CPU-intensive sine calculation) can delay other tasks, affecting overall performance.

4. Using Tokio Tasks: The author shows how spawning new tasks in Tokio allows for better utilization of CPU cores, letting CPU-bound tasks run in parallel without stalling other tasks.

5. Blocking Tasks: They introduce tokio::task::spawn_blocking(), which runs blocking code on dedicated threads, allowing for efficient execution of CPU-heavy tasks without impacting async tasks.

6. Key Insights: The author concludes that visualizing async execution helps clarify the difference between concurrency and parallelism, making it easier to understand how to utilize multi-core processors effectively in Rust.

The post also includes a brief appendix on how to run the demo code used for the visualizations.

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Summary:

As of April 25, 2025, some services are experiencing downtime, including the homepage and the Query API. The homepage was down for over 14 hours, while the Query API faced similar outages.

• Uptime Statistics:
  • Homepage: 97.575%
  • Query API: 97.632%
  • Search API: 97.640%
  • VSCode Assets API: 97.589%

Recent Downtimes:

• April 22: Homepage down for 14 hours and 16 minutes.
• April 23: All services down for 1 day.
• April 24: Services down for 12 hours and 3 minutes.

The team is actively working to fix issues with the backend storage that are causing these outages.

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Summary:

On April 23, 2025, researchers announced they had solved a century-old mystery regarding the genetic traits of garden peas studied by Gregor Mendel, the founder of genetics. Mendel had previously identified seven traits in peas, but the genes behind three of those traits remained unknown until now.

The study, published in Nature, utilized advanced sequencing and computational techniques to analyze nearly 700 pea genomes. This effort took six years and involved a collaborative team of scientists. They discovered the genes responsible for pod color, pod shape, and flower clustering. Specifically, they found that pod color is linked to a gene affecting chlorophyll production, while other genes control pod shape and the branching of flowers.

This research marks a significant advancement in plant genetics and enhances our understanding of Mendel's work.

No summary available.

Summary of Instant SQL Release Announcement

MotherDuck has launched Instant SQL, a new SQL writing tool that allows users to see query results update instantly as they type. This innovation aims to make the SQL writing process faster and more intuitive, addressing the slow and tedious nature of traditional SQL querying.

Key Features:

• Real-Time Previews: Users can see result set previews immediately, enabling a more exploratory and fluid approach to data analysis.
• Instant CTE Visualization: Common Table Expressions (CTEs) can be inspected and refined in real-time, making debugging easier.
• Complex Expressions Simplified: Users can break down complex column expressions to identify issues quickly.
• Broad Compatibility: Instant SQL works not only with DuckDB tables but also with various data sources like PostgreSQL, MySQL, and more.
• AI-Powered Suggestions: Users can receive AI-based editing suggestions that are immediately reflected in the results, enhancing the workflow.

Overall, Instant SQL aims to transform the SQL experience from a lengthy process of writing and waiting to an interactive and efficient exploration of data. The tool is currently available for users to try in public preview.

Summary of "Why 21 cm is our Universe’s 'magic length'"

The 21 cm wavelength of light emitted during a specific transition in hydrogen atoms is significant for understanding the Universe. Hydrogen, the most abundant atom, consists of one proton and one electron. When these particles form, they can either have their spins aligned or anti-aligned, with a 50/50 chance for each. The transition from the aligned to the anti-aligned state emits a photon with a wavelength of 21 cm, making it a "magic length" in astrophysics.

This emission allows scientists to map hydrogen gas in the Universe, revealing information about star formation and the conditions shortly after the Big Bang. The 21 cm radiation can also indicate recent star formation: when stars are born, they ionize surrounding hydrogen, which later emits this specific wavelength when the hydrogen recombines.

Detecting and studying this 21 cm signal can provide insights into various cosmic phenomena, including star formation history and the presence of hydrogen clouds that predate stars. Future advancements in technology, especially with radio telescopes, could enhance our ability to observe this radiation, deepening our understanding of the Universe's evolution and structure. The 21 cm transition is thus a crucial tool for exploring the cosmos and its earliest moments.

No summary available.

CUDA Graphs are a new feature for NVIDIA GPUs that aim to reduce the time the CPU spends launching GPU tasks by grouping them together. However, using CUDA Graphs can be challenging because their fixed structure can lead to performance issues, including extra data copying, which can actually slow things down in some cases.

To address these challenges, we introduce PyGraph, a new method that makes using CUDA Graphs easier within PyTorch2. PyGraph includes three key improvements: it allows for broader use of CUDA Graphs, minimizes the overhead from copying GPU kernel parameters, and decides when to use CUDA Graphs based on their benefits. It works smoothly with PyTorch2's tools, so no code changes are needed. Our tests show that PyGraph significantly improves performance on various machine learning tasks compared to using PyTorch2 alone.

The text discusses the idea that great designers can remain unknown despite their excellent work. It reflects on historical figures like Leonardo da Vinci, suggesting that true greatness in design is not as rare as it seems; instead, many talented creators might go unrecognized.

In today's world, success in design is often measured by visibility—social media followers, awards, and media mentions—rather than the quality of the work itself. This focus on recognition can overshadow the importance of designs that quietly serve human needs, like a well-designed tool or an efficient system.

Great design is about solving problems and enhancing user experience, regardless of whether the designer is famous. Many skilled creators pursue excellence for its own sake and may never receive accolades. The author emphasizes that true design greatness is about creating essential work that becomes invisible through its effectiveness, rather than seeking fame or attention.

Faasta: A Fast Function-as-a-Service Platform

Faasta is a new platform for running code quickly and efficiently. It uses WebAssembly technology, allowing for extremely fast startup times (under 1 millisecond) and low memory usage (less than 1KB).

Key Features:

• Runs code as WebAssembly modules.
• Handles HTTP requests efficiently with WASIHTTP.
• Provides secure function isolation through a sandboxed environment.
• Offers very fast cold starts without traditional containers.
• Easy to set up and can be hosted anywhere.
• Complies with open standards (WASI P2 and WASIHTTP) for portability.
• Utilizes Wasmtime for effective WebAssembly execution.
• Includes a free online version at faasta.xyz.

Getting Started:

1. Install the Faasta command line tool.
2. Create a new project.
3. Build your function as WebAssembly.
4. Log in with GitHub.
5. Deploy your function online.

Your deployed function will be accessible at a specific URL.

WASI P2 and WASIHTTP: Faasta follows the WASI Preview 2 and WASIHTTP standards, enabling:

• Unified handling of HTTP requests.
• Modular design for better organization.
• Consistent ways to interact with the host system.
• Portability across different platforms.

Self-Hosting: You can also run your own Faasta server to manage your functions on your infrastructure.

Note: Faasta is currently in an experimental phase, which means there may be changes that could disrupt service on the online instance.

No summary available.

The article discusses the need to adapt web applications to be more local-first, allowing users to experience fast and responsive interactions even when offline. This shift requires efficient client-side data processing, particularly for search functionalities. It introduces a type-driven approach using a Domain-Specific Language (DSL) specifically designed for searching issues in project management.

Key points include:

1. Domain-Specific Languages (DSLs): A DSL simplifies search queries by using familiar terms, making it easier for users to express their search intent. The article provides examples of DSLs in existing systems like SQL and Elasticsearch.

2. Structure of Data: The article illustrates how to define an issue tracking system's dataset, emphasizing the importance of structuring data according to the specific domain.

3. Error Handling: It introduces the Either type for error management in functional programming, which helps distinguish between successful and failed operations.

4. Parsing Techniques: The article explains the use of parser combinators, which allow for building parsers in a modular way to process search queries and create an Abstract Syntax Tree (AST) that represents the query structure.

5. Execution of Queries: It outlines how to evaluate queries by transforming the AST into functions that filter issues based on specified criteria.

6. Performance Considerations: While the system can handle large datasets effectively, it notes the necessity for indexing and other optimizations to improve query performance in real-world applications.

7. Conclusion: The article emphasizes the value of a robust, maintainable search system using principles from functional programming. It encourages developers to adopt these techniques for building efficient search capabilities in both local and server-side applications.

Overall, the article serves as a guide for developing a powerful search system that enhances user experience while managing data effectively.

Summary: Create AI-Powered Apps Easily

• Build Apps for Popular Platforms: You can create apps for platforms like Telegram and Discord without coding.

• Advanced AI Features: Use the latest AI technology to make your apps smarter and more user-friendly.

• No-Code Development: Turn your ideas into apps or bots easily, without needing programming skills.

• Quick Launch: Deploy and update your apps in just minutes.

• Strong Security: Your apps will be protected by top industry security standards.

• Supported Platforms: The service works on popular messaging platforms, including:

  • Telegram: Use its features for intelligent app creation.
  • Slack & Discord: Coming soon for productivity and community engagement.

• Simple Pricing Plans:

  • Free Plan: 10 messages/month, 2 bots.
  • Starter Plan: 50 messages/month, 5 bots for $10/month.
  • Developer Plan: 100 messages/month, 10 bots for $20/month (most popular).
  • Pro Plan: 250 messages/month, 20 bots, voice messages for $50/month.
  • Scale Plan: 500 messages/month, 40 bots for $100/month (requires premium account).

• Get Started: Join Plutonic to create smart bots that improve communication and simplify tasks.

Summary: Music AI Sandbox Enhancements

The Music AI Sandbox, developed by Google in collaboration with musicians, has introduced new features and expanded access for musicians, producers, and songwriters in the U.S. This platform aims to enhance creativity through artificial intelligence (AI) tools.

Key features include:

1. Create Tool: Allows users to generate music samples based on descriptions of desired sounds, genres, and moods.

2. Extend Feature: Helps musicians develop existing ideas by creating continuations from uploaded audio clips, aiding in overcoming writer's block.

3. Edit Function: Offers fine control over music, enabling users to change the mood or style of a clip and make specific modifications.

The latest music generation model, Lyria 2, provides high-quality audio outputs, while Lyria RealTime allows for interactive and real-time music creation. All generated music is watermarked for responsible use.

Musicians using the Music AI Sandbox have praised its potential to inspire creativity and streamline the production process. The platform encourages collaboration and feedback from artists to continuously improve its tools.

Summary of Sarah Wynn-Williams's 'Careless People' Review

Sarah Wynn-Williams's memoir, Careless People, reveals her experiences as a global policy executive at Facebook (Meta). The book gained attention after Meta's lawyers attempted to suppress it, leading to increased interest in its content.

Wynn-Williams shares shocking insights into the company's leadership, including Mark Zuckerberg, Sheryl Sandberg, and Joel Kaplan, depicting them as careless and out of touch. She recounts instances of their irresponsible behavior, such as Zuckerberg's refusal to be briefed and Kaplan's inappropriate conduct, including sexual harassment.

The memoir details her unusual journey to Facebook, sparked by her passion for how the platform could connect people, especially after a personal crisis during the Christchurch earthquake. However, she soon witnessed the company's negligence toward global issues, notably the genocide in Myanmar and its failed attempts to enter the Chinese market, where it built tools for state surveillance.

Wynn-Williams argues that Facebook's leadership is indifferent to the consequences of their actions, describing a culture where leaders prioritize growth over ethical considerations. This "carelessness" is attributed to their growing power and lack of accountability, as Facebook became "too big to care."

Overall, Careless People paints a troubling picture of Facebook's inner workings and the moral failings of its executives, emphasizing the need for regulatory changes to hold such companies accountable for their actions.

Roop and Puneet started Bild AI to improve blueprint reading, cost estimation, and permit applications in construction, using advanced AI and computer vision technology. They aim to make building projects, like homes and hospitals, more efficient and are supported by Khosla Ventures.

They are looking for a full-stack developer who can build from scratch, especially in infrastructure and frontend, and who has a growth mindset. Ideal candidates should be in or willing to move to San Francisco, communicate openly, and be willing to handle challenges.

Bonus points if you have experience in startups, computer vision/machine learning, or construction, and are driven to make an impact.

When messaging, include why you think you’re a good fit and your favorite fruit (Roop's is Sitaphal). Please keep it brief.

No summary available.

Microsoft recently made a change that affects developers using the C/C++ extension for Visual Studio Code (VS Code). This extension, which provides features like code completion and debugging, no longer works with alternative versions of VS Code, such as VS Codium and Cursor. This change was noted after an update on April 3, 2025.

Developers are upset because this update disrupts their workflow and limits competition. Microsoft had previously allowed the extension to be used in other products, but now it enforces restrictions that prevent its use outside of Microsoft's own software.

The CEO of Cursor mentioned that they are working on solutions to move away from Microsoft's extensions and are investing in open-source alternatives.

Additionally, there are claims that Microsoft is engaging in unfair competition by promoting its own products while blocking rivals, prompting some developers to contact the US Federal Trade Commission for investigation. Microsoft has not yet responded to requests for comment on the situation.

Summary of c/ua (Computer-Use Agent)

c/ua, pronounced "koo-ah," is a framework that allows AI agents to manage full operating systems in lightweight virtual containers, achieving up to 97% of native speed on Apple Silicon. It primarily offers two features:

1. High-Performance Virtualization: Users can create and run macOS or Linux virtual machines with near-native performance.
2. Computer-Use Interface & Agent: This feature enables AI systems to observe and interact with virtual environments, allowing tasks like web browsing and code writing.

Why Use c/ua?

• Security: AI agents operate in isolated virtual environments, protecting the main system.
• Performance: Near-native speed on Apple Silicon.
• Flexibility: Supports both macOS and Linux.
• Reproducibility: Ensures consistent environments for AI workflows.
• LLM Integration: Works with various language model providers.

System Requirements:

• Mac with Apple Silicon (M1/M2/M3/M4)
• macOS 15 or newer
• Python 3.10+
• Recommended disk space: 30GB+

Quick Start Options:

1. Lume CLI Only: For basic virtualization.
2. Full Capabilities: For using AI agents with virtual environments, including installation steps for libraries and code snippets.
3. Build from Source: For contributors wanting the latest features.

Libraries Included:

• Lume: For running VMs.
• Computer: For interacting with macOS/Linux sandboxes.
• Agent: For running workflows in dedicated sandboxes.

Contributing: Contributions to improve c/ua are welcomed, and a Discord community is available for discussions and support.

License: c/ua is open-sourced under the MIT License.

Colanode Overview

Colanode is an open-source collaboration workspace that you can host on your own server. It focuses on data privacy and control, allowing teams to work together effectively, whether they're online or offline.

Key Features:

• Real-Time Chat: Instant messaging for team communication.
• Rich Text Pages: Create documents and notes easily, similar to Notion.
• Customizable Databases: Organize data with tailored fields and views (like tables and calendars).
• File Management: Securely store and share files within your workspace.

Colanode is suitable for individuals and teams, whether for small projects or large organizations. Since it is self-hosted, you have complete control over your data.

How It Works:

• It includes a desktop app and can connect to multiple self-hosted servers, each with various workspaces.
• Changes are saved locally first and then synced to the server, allowing work even if the server is offline.
• It supports real-time collaboration with multiple users editing the same document simultaneously.

Getting Started:

• You can download the desktop app for free and connect to Colanode's beta cloud servers in the US or Europe.
• If you want to self-host, you can use Docker with specific requirements for setup.

License: Colanode is available under the Apache 2.0 License.

Summary of "Silent Spring" Op-ed on AI and Human Creativity

The op-ed argues that as artificial intelligence (AI) evolves, it's crucial to protect human creativity, which is a unique and limited resource. With AI generating vast amounts of content, it risks overshadowing authentic human expression, leading to a bland cultural landscape.

AI learns from human creations, but it can exploit this content without proper considerations for copyright and the impact on artists. Many creatives feel threatened by AI's ability to produce cheap content, and there is a call for clearer regulations to ensure fair use and compensation for original works.

The author compares the current situation to historical overexploitation of natural resources, warning that if AI continues to extract data indiscriminately, it may degrade the creative ecosystem. This could lead to a cycle where AI-generated content becomes repetitive and lower quality, further diminishing the richness of human creativity.

To sustain human creativity, the op-ed suggests potential solutions, such as implementing regulations for AI training, creating fair licensing systems, and investing in people rather than relying solely on AI. By valuing human perspectives and integrating them with AI tools responsibly, organizations can foster a more vibrant and diverse creative landscape.

Infat Summary

Infat is a powerful command-line tool for macOS that helps you manage which applications open specific file types and URL schemes easily. Instead of navigating through menus each time you set up a new machine, you can configure your preferences once and use them forever.

Key Features:

• List applications that open certain file types or URL schemes.
• Set default applications for any file type or URL scheme.
• Use a TOML configuration file to manage these associations.
• Designed for power users and easily scriptable.

Getting Started:

1. Install Infat using Homebrew or from source.
2. Commands:
   • List default apps for a file type (e.g., infat list txt).
   • Set a default app for a file type (e.g., infat set TextEdit --file-type md).
   • Bind a URL scheme to an app (e.g., infat set Mail --scheme mailto).
3. Configuration: Create a TOML file to define your associations.

Design Philosophy:

• Minimal, scriptable tool for automation.
• Integrates well with macOS features.
• Supports version-controlled configurations.

Installation:

• Use Homebrew: brew install philocalyst/tap/infat
• From source: clone the repository and build it with Swift.

License: Infat is open-source under the MIT License, allowing modification and distribution.

Mark Zuckerberg recently testified at Meta's antitrust trial, admitting that social media has shifted away from personal connections to a focus on entertainment and content consumption. He noted a decline in time spent on posts from friends, indicating platforms like Facebook and Instagram are now more like traditional media outlets. The Federal Trade Commission (F.T.C.) argues that Meta has an illegal monopoly, partly due to its acquisitions of Instagram and WhatsApp. However, the definition of the social media market is unclear, making the case challenging.

Meta claims that social media has changed so much that no single company can dominate it, showing that various platforms like TikTok and YouTube now compete similarly. The F.T.C. faces difficulty proving that Meta's practices have harmed consumers or stifled innovation, as both WhatsApp and Instagram have grown significantly under Meta's ownership.

Zuckerberg's past suggestion to spin off Instagram highlights the changing landscape of social media. As new competitors and technologies emerge, such as TikTok and generative AI, the F.T.C. may be pursuing outdated issues. The case could lead to significant changes for Meta, depending on the outcome and political influences, particularly from President Trump.

Summary:

The concept of the "Gruen Transfer" describes how consumers can become disoriented in stores due to confusing layouts, leading them to lose focus on their original shopping intentions. This phenomenon is now affecting the internet, particularly with social media platforms like Facebook. Originally designed to keep users updated with friends, Facebook's feed has become cluttered with ads and unrelated content, making it hard to stay focused.

Many websites now intentionally create confusion to encourage impulsive actions. For example, trying to delete an account or cancel a subscription often involves navigating complex processes that discourage users from completing their goals.

In the EU, laws require companies to make it as easy to cancel a service as it is to subscribe, which is a good step towards reducing needless complexity. The author hopes for similar improvements in everyday shopping experiences.

Zev Overview

Zev is a tool that helps you remember or discover terminal commands using natural language.

Installation

• To install, run: pip install zev
• You'll need an OpenAI API key after the first run.

Usage

• Interactive Mode: Simply type zev
• Direct Query: Use zev '<your command>'

Examples of Commands

• Show all running Python processes: zev 'show all running python processes'
• Find .py files modified in the last 24 hours: zev 'find all .py files modified in the last 24 hours'
• Show disk usage: zev 'show disk usage for current directory'
• Check network connectivity: zev 'check if google.com is reachable'
• Show uncommitted changes in Git: zev 'show uncommitted changes in git'

Settings

• Update your OpenAI API key or settings with: zev --setup
• An OpenAI account and subscription are required for the API key.

Using with Ollama

• You can also use Zev with Ollama to run commands locally.
• Install and start Ollama, then run zev --setup with the correct settings.

Contributing

• Contributions like issues and pull requests are welcome.

License

• This project is licensed under the MIT License.

The essay discusses the complex and often misunderstood figure of Mary Magdalene in Christianity. Despite being a significant follower of Jesus, she has been mischaracterized over centuries, often depicted as a sinner or a prostitute due to misinterpretations by church figures like Pope Gregory in the sixth century. The author, Eliza Griswold, reflects on the many narratives surrounding Mary Magdalene, highlighting her role as a "patron saint of outcasts" and a figure of uncertainty and complexity.

Mary Magdalene appears in all four Gospels and is recognized for being present at Jesus’ tomb and possibly being the first to witness his resurrection. However, her presence and significance have been diminished in some biblical accounts, particularly in the Gospel of Luke. The essay explores how feminist scholars and alternative texts, like the Gospel of Philip, present her in a more empowering light.

The essay also touches on the conflation of Mary Magdalene with other biblical figures, such as Mary of Egypt, and the impact of art on her image throughout history. As interpretations of her character evolved, they often reflected societal views on women and sexuality.

Scholars like Elizabeth Schrader Polczer have investigated textual changes in ancient manuscripts, suggesting that Mary Magdalene’s role was deliberately downplayed in early Christianity to favor male figures like Peter. The author shares her personal connection to the topic through conversations with her father and her own journey of understanding Mary Magdalene, ultimately portraying her as a symbol of possibility and complexity in faith.

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The author is exploring the idea of using a Linux phone daily, specifically the PinePhone Pro, and reflects on the reasons for this choice compared to using an Android phone.

Key points include:

• Purpose of Switching: The switch isn't just about convenience; it's about questioning daily habits and seeking a better balance between security and privacy. Although some believe Linux phones are less secure, they offer more privacy because they are open-source and not dependent on ads.

• PinePhone Pro Limitations: The PinePhone Pro is considered slow and outdated by some, but the author finds it adequate for tasks like browsing and navigation. It provides a break from overstimulation compared to faster devices.

• Advantages of PinePhone Pro: The phone is lighter, smaller, and has a reliable headphone jack, which the author prefers over their FairPhone.

• Alternative Phone: The author also discusses their LGv40 Thinq, which they plan to unlock and possibly use again due to its better performance, features, and similar size to the PinePhone Pro.

Overall, the author is interested in the journey of using a Linux phone for privacy and simplicity, despite its limitations.

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Summary of OpenAlternative Project

OpenAlternative is a community-driven platform that provides a list of open source alternatives to popular proprietary software. It aims to help users find open source services to support their business needs. The project encourages community contributions to build a comprehensive directory of such software.

The project is open source and licensed under GPL-3.0, relying on sponsorship for its development. Users can support the project by sponsoring or purchasing a Next.js boilerplate for creating similar directories.

Key technical details include:

• Project Structure: Built using Turborepo, it includes various components such as apps, reusable React components, server-side code, utilities, and a database structure.
• Development Requirements: Uses Bun as the package manager. To start development, clone the repository, install dependencies, set up environment variables, and run development commands.
• Deployment: The application can be deployed on Vercel, following specific build and start commands.

For more information, users are encouraged to refer to the project’s documentation and contribute to its growth.

The author shares their excitement about e-ink displays and their recent pre-order of a new device called TRMNL, which features a battery-powered e-ink screen. However, the purchasing process was confusing, especially regarding the different licenses offered for accessing the device's features.

The author notes that they could build a similar device for less money using readily available components, but they opted to wait for the TRMNL. They have previous experience with e-ink projects and were interested in adapting TRMNL's open-sourced firmware to work with a generic driver they already owned.

After successfully modifying the firmware to run on their Waveshare driver, the author found it easy to connect to TRMNL’s online service. They also created a custom holder for the display. In the end, they were pleased with the result and hope to inspire others with their build.

Mary MacLane was a groundbreaking author who gained fame at nineteen with her book, The Story of Mary MacLane. Born in 1881 in Canada and later moving to Butte, Montana, she expressed her inner thoughts and feelings candidly in her writing, describing her struggles with youth and her desires. Her debut book, which mixed autobiography with emotional exploration, garnered both admiration and harsh criticism. Critics noted her provocative style and themes of sexuality, especially her attraction to both men and women.

After her book's publication in 1902, MacLane became a national sensation, selling nearly 100,000 copies in just a month. She received mixed reviews, ranging from praise to disdain, and her life quickly became sensationalized in the media. Following this initial success, she published My Friend Annabel Lee in 1903, which was poorly received.

Throughout her life, MacLane continued to write, taking various jobs in journalism, but her fame waned over time. She published a final book, I, Mary MacLane: A Diary of Human Days, in 1917, which explored her sexual identity further. Despite her earlier prominence, she died in 1929 and was largely forgotten by the literary world.

In recent years, there has been a renewed interest in her work, with adaptations and biographies being published. MacLane's candid exploration of her inner life and desires has been recognized as pioneering, especially concerning women's narratives and expressions of sexuality.

Transformers, initially successful in natural language processing, are now also excelling in computer vision tasks like image classification and detection. Here are three key insights about vision transformers:

1. The residual layers in vision transformers can be processed in parallel, which speeds up computation without hurting accuracy.
2. Fine-tuning the attention layer weights is enough to adapt these models to higher resolutions and different classification tasks. This approach reduces computational needs and memory usage while allowing weight sharing across tasks.
3. Adding MLP-based pre-processing layers enhances self-supervised training through patch masking.

These insights were tested using the ImageNet-1k dataset, with results confirmed on the ImageNet-v2 test set, and performance was also assessed across six smaller datasets.

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In Finland, around 4,000 reindeer are killed in car accidents each year, causing significant damage. To address this issue, the Finnish Reindeer Herders Association is testing reflective paint on reindeer antlers to make them more visible to drivers. The idea is to help prevent traffic accidents, particularly during darker months like November and December, when collisions are most common. This approach is different from typical methods that focus on improving road safety for vehicles. Instead, the Finns are directly enhancing the visibility of the animals themselves.

Battery Tech Online is part of Informa PLC, focusing on battery technology news and developments. Recently, CATL announced its new sodium-ion battery, the Naxtra, which is set for mass production and offers a lithium-free solution for energy storage. Key highlights include:

1. Mass Production: The Naxtra battery will be mass-produced starting June 2025, marking a significant step for sodium-ion technology in electric vehicles (EVs).

2. Temperature Range: This battery can operate in extreme temperatures from -40°C to +70°C, retaining 90% of its power even in severe cold.

3. Energy Density: It achieves an energy density of 175Wh/kg, comparable to lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries, allowing for a driving range of up to 500 kilometers and over 10,000 charge cycles.

4. Safety Features: The Naxtra battery is designed to minimize risks of fire and thermal runaway, using advanced materials that enhance safety during operation.

5. Commercial Use: A specialized version for heavy-duty trucks offers increased durability and reduced lifecycle costs by 61% compared to traditional batteries.

Overall, CATL’s Naxtra battery aims to promote sustainability and reduce reliance on lithium, potentially transforming the future of energy storage.

The text outlines the main sections of the SearchK platform. Key areas include:

• Home: The starting point of the platform.
• Installation: Instructions for setting up the software.
• CLI (Command Line Interface): Tutorials on using the command line.
• Microblog: A guide on creating a microblog.
• Federation: Information on connecting different systems.
• Context and Vocabulary: Definitions of key terms used in the platform.
• Dispatchers: Tools for managing messages and activities.
• Inbox Listeners: Features for receiving messages.
• Access Control: Managing permissions and security.
• NodeInfo: Details about the network nodes.
• Key-Value Store and Message Queue: Data storage and messaging systems.
• Integration, Testing, and Logging: Tools for combining with other systems, checking functionality, and recording activities.
• OpenTelemetry: Monitoring and tracing features.
• API Reference: Technical documentation for developers.
• Unstable Appearance: Notes on features that may change.

Overall, it summarizes the resources available for using and understanding the SearchK platform.

In the article, Stevie Buckley reflects on loyalty to employers, contrasting the traditional long-term employment seen in his father's generation with the tech industry's trend of frequent job changes. He discusses his role in recruitment, where he promotes companies but struggles with the honesty of their claims.

Buckley emphasizes four key criteria for evaluating a good employer:

1. Competitive Salaries: Fair compensation is essential.
2. Employee Treatment: Research employee reviews to gauge company culture.
3. Financial Security: Ensure the company is stable and transparent about its finances.
4. Openness to Innovation: Companies should be willing to try new approaches in hiring.

He warns that employees should not lose sight of their personal relationships and well-being for the sake of their jobs. Employers are not friends or family; they are businesses focused on profit. Buckley encourages readers to prioritize their own growth and connections outside work, quoting his father, who values time with loved ones over career achievements.

Enterprises have transformed their software systems from traditional mainframes to modern microservices to keep up with demands for flexibility and scalability. Now, businesses require intelligent systems that can operate autonomously, known as agentic systems. These systems differ from legacy networks, which relied on fixed workflows and predictable processes. Instead, agentic systems are dynamic, capable of interpreting natural language, and making real-time decisions.

To support these systems, a new networking approach called an "agent mesh" is proposed. This platform ensures secure, observable, and efficient communication between various agents and tools, addressing security and operational challenges. Key features of the agent mesh include:

• Security: Ensures that communications are secure and identities are verified.
• Observability: Provides real-time tracking of interactions and performance metrics.
• Dynamic Registration: Allows agents and tools to register and discover each other easily.
• Fine-Grained Access Control: Manages permissions for all interactions between agents and tools.

The agent mesh is essential for managing communication between agents and large language models (LLMs), as well as between agents and various tools. It also addresses challenges in multi-agent workflows by promoting smaller, focused agents that can collaborate effectively.

Overall, the agent mesh infrastructure is designed to be flexible and composable, allowing enterprises to integrate various agent types across different cloud environments without being locked into a single vendor. By adopting this innovative approach, organizations can build adaptive and intelligent systems that meet the fast-paced demands of today’s business world.

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PgDog Overview

PgDog is a tool designed to manage PostgreSQL databases effectively. It acts as a transaction pooler and replication manager, allowing users to shard databases. Built in Rust, PgDog is fast, secure, and can handle many databases and connections.

Getting Started

• Kubernetes Installation: Use Helm to install PgDog:

  git clone https://github.com/pgdogdev/helm
  cd helm
  helm install -f values.yaml pgdog ./
  

• Docker Installation: Run PgDog using Docker by installing Docker Compose and executing:

  docker-compose up
  

  After setup, connect using:

  PGPASSWORD=postgres psql -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6432 -U postgres
  

Features

1. Load Balancing: PgDog distributes database transactions across multiple replicas, enhancing performance.
2. Health Checks and Failover: It monitors database health and reroutes queries if a database fails.
3. Transaction Pooling: Allows many clients to share a few PostgreSQL connections efficiently.
4. Sharding: Automatically routes queries to the correct database shards.
5. Logical Replication: Supports background data splitting without downtime for existing databases.

Configuration

PgDog is configurable with two main files: pgdog.toml for general settings and users.toml for user credentials. Basic configuration is straightforward and can be easily set up.

Local Setup

• Install the Rust compiler and build PgDog:

  cargo build --release
  

• Run PgDog with:

  cargo run --release
  

Project Status

PgDog is in early development, and users are encouraged to try it out. Regular updates on feature stability will be provided.

Performance

PgDog is designed to minimize its impact on database performance, focusing on efficient data handling.

License

PgDog is open-source under the AGPL v3 license, allowing internal use and private modifications without sharing code, while requiring public modifications to be shared if PgDog is offered as a service.

Contributions

For those interested in contributing, guidelines are available.

The International Fisheries Exhibition of 1883, held in London, attracted over 2.6 million visitors and featured the largest aquarium ever built, showcasing marine life from over thirty countries. Organizers created literature to promote the event, including two notable books by scientist Henry Lee: Sea Monsters Unmasked and Sea Fables Explained.

In Sea Monsters Unmasked, Lee debunks legendary sea creatures like the Kraken and the Great Sea Serpent, attributing sightings to misidentified squids and critiquing past accounts. He uses evidence to dismiss myths, asserting that science can explain these folklore tales.

Sea Fables Explained focuses on mermaids, suggesting sightings were likely of manatees and dugongs. Lee explores the cultural beliefs around these creatures and emphasizes that sailors' imaginations often embellish their stories. He warns of the potential extinction of these marine animals, drawing parallels to modern environmental concerns.

Though the exhibition itself is largely forgotten, Lee's writings remind us of our complex relationship with the sea, blending fantasy, scientific inquiry, and the pressing issue of environmental conservation.

The article "Curbing the Power of the Popes" by Jessica Wärnberg discusses the complex relationship between the papacy's religious and political powers throughout history.

1. Historical Context: In 1870, Pope Pius IX was effectively imprisoned in the Vatican when King Vittorio Emanuele II captured Rome, ending the papal control over the Papal States. For nearly six decades, popes refused to recognize Rome as part of Italy.

2. Papal Authority: The historical significance of the papacy is linked to its territorial control, which initially helped popes maintain independence from secular rulers. Over time, however, this power became more entangled with political affairs, leading to conflicts and scandals.

3. Rise and Fall of Influence: The popes gained political influence after forming alliances with powerful leaders like the Franks, but this also resulted in increased involvement in secular matters. They faced challenges from both the Eastern Roman Empire and local Italian powers, leading to political struggles.

4. Reformation and Decline: The Protestant Reformation diminished papal authority, as many regions rejected the pope's spiritual and political influence. The Enlightenment further challenged traditional power structures, and by the 19th century, the pope's role was primarily religious.

5. Lateran Accords: In 1929, Pope Pius XI regained some sovereignty through the Lateran Accords negotiated with Mussolini, which restored the pope's status as a ruler, albeit of a small territory. This arrangement highlighted the enduring moral authority of the papacy, even as its political power diminished.

Overall, the article illustrates how the papacy has navigated its dual roles over centuries, managing to maintain moral authority while facing significant political challenges.

On April 23, 2025, the European Union (EU) fined Apple €500 million (about $570 million) and Meta €200 million for violating new antitrust laws aimed at restricting the power of large tech companies. This decision could increase tensions with the U.S. government, as President Trump criticized the fines as "economic extortion."

The fines result from a year-long investigation into whether these companies adhered to the Digital Markets Act (DMA), which encourages competition by allowing smaller businesses access to markets dominated by larger firms. Both Apple and Meta plan to contest the fines, claiming they unfairly target American companies while allowing others to operate under different rules.

The EU's actions reflect its commitment to enforcing the DMA, introduced in 2023, despite potential backlash from the U.S. The fines are relatively small compared to past penalties, likely due to the brief duration of the violations and a focus on compliance.

The EU requires Apple to remove restrictions that prevent app developers from offering cheaper alternatives outside its App Store, while Meta's "pay-or-consent" model for advertising was found to breach DMA rules. Both companies have two months to comply with the EU's orders to avoid further fines. The EU also emphasized the importance of maintaining strict competition policies to protect the market.

Summary:

This article discusses how to deploy Model Context Protocol (MCP) servers on AWS Lambda using MCPEngine, which is an open-source implementation of MCP. MCP enables Large Language Models (LLMs) to interact with external tools, but many existing implementations face challenges in production environments.

Key Points:

1. MCP Overview: MCP allows LLMs to call external tools but current implementations often require stateful connections, making them unsuitable for serverless environments like AWS Lambda.

2. AWS Lambda Benefits: AWS Lambda provides scalability and efficiency without the need for server management. MCPEngine supports running MCP tools in Lambda with features like streamable HTTP and built-in authentication.

3. Three Example Deployments:

   • Stateless Weather API: An MCP server that returns weather information for a given city, set up without any external API calls.
   • Stateful Messaging API: A more complex server that stores and retrieves messages using a relational database (Postgres on Amazon RDS). This setup maintains state while still operating in a serverless manner.
   • Authenticated API with Google SSO: A secure version that uses Google as an identity provider for token-based authentication, ensuring that only valid users can access certain tools.

4. Deployment Steps: The article outlines detailed steps for deploying each type of server using Terraform or manual methods, including Docker setup, AWS Lambda configuration, and connection handling.

5. Testing and Integration: Once deployed, users can connect to these servers using compatible clients like Claude, enabling interactions like sending and retrieving messages or querying weather data.

6. Authentication: The article emphasizes the importance of adding authentication for security, showcasing how to integrate Google OAuth for user verification.

7. Future Directions: The author hints at more advanced authentication patterns and features in upcoming content, encouraging exploration of agent-based systems.

Overall, the article provides a comprehensive guide for setting up different types of MCP servers on AWS Lambda, focusing on ease of deployment and integration with LLMs.

The author reflects on the impact of AI on software development, expressing concern that while AI tools increase productivity, they may also diminish the joy and satisfaction that come from the creative process of coding.

The author reminisces about the "flow" state in programming, where deep focus leads to fulfillment and a sense of connection to the work. However, with the rise of AI, coding has become more passive, relying on generating code through prompts instead of actively solving problems. This shift raises worries about developers becoming detached from their craft.

The author questions whether the joy in programming can be preserved in an AI-augmented environment, suggesting that happiness might shift from writing code to engaging in higher-level system design and other human aspects of development. They advocate for intentionally creating opportunities to experience flow in work, emphasizing the importance of maintaining joy in coding for its own sake.

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Summary: How I Write and Publish Blogs with Obsidian

I use Obsidian for writing my blogs, and it has transformed my process. My notes are stored as plain text on my computer, which keeps things organized and distraction-free. I sync my notes across devices using iCloud, Dropbox, or Google Drive, allowing me to start drafts on my phone and finish them on my laptop.

For publishing, I use Hugo with the Bear Blog theme and deploy through GitHub and Cloudflare Pages. This setup gives me full control without any subscriptions or risks of platform changes.

Key Steps to Set Up:

1. Install Hugo: Create a new site and add the Bear Blog theme.
2. Connect Obsidian to Hugo: Write your posts in Hugo’s content folder, specifically in the blog subfolder.
3. Set Up Post Format: Include necessary front matter in your posts for Hugo.
4. Preview Locally: Use Hugo’s local server to see drafts in the browser.
5. Connect to GitHub: Create a repository and link your local Hugo site to it.
6. Set Up Cloudflare Pages: Connect your GitHub repository to Cloudflare for site deployment.

Publishing Process:

• Write in Obsidian, change the front matter to publish, and push changes to GitHub. Cloudflare will automatically rebuild your site.

This initial setup requires some effort, but once done, the process is smooth, allowing me to focus on writing without complications or costs. If you want a simple and efficient blogging workflow, this method is worth considering.

Summary:

YAGNI (You aren't gonna need it) advises against over-engineering and adding unnecessary features early in a project. However, the author introduces YAGRI (You are gonna read it), which suggests that you should store more data than just what's immediately needed for the current product requirements.

It's important to keep useful data, like timestamps and context, to aid in debugging and analytics later on. For example, when implementing a feature for users to delete something, it's crucial to log who deleted it, how, when, and why, even if the current design doesn't require this information.

Useful fields to consider storing include creation and update timestamps, deletion timestamps, and the user who created or modified the data. This practice can prevent future issues, like not knowing why something was deleted. While not every field will always be needed, having certain data can save time and trouble later. Engineers should focus on effectively managing and storing data, but should avoid excessive logging.

TacOS Overview

TacOS is a homemade operating system with its own kernel, created using C and assembly language. It is similar to UNIX and can run games like DOOM, along with smaller programs. Key features include:

• Virtual File System (VFS)
• Scheduler
• Temporary File System (TempFS)
• Device management
• Context switching
• Virtual memory management
• Physical memory allocation

TacOS can run on real hardware (tested on a laptop) or in the Qemu emulator. However, it is still a hobby project and has known bugs, so it is not suitable for everyday use.

Getting Started

To build and run TacOS, follow these steps in your terminal:

1. Clone the TacOS repository:
   git clone https://github.com/UnmappedStack/TacOS

2. Navigate to the TacOS directory:
   cd TacOS

3. Clone the Limine bootloader:
   git clone https://github.com/limine-bootloader/limine

4. Switch to the correct version:
   cd limine
git checkout v9.x-binary
cd ..

5. Build the project:
   make

Make sure you have Qemu, NASM, and Clang installed. The system will run automatically in the Qemu emulator.

Community and License

TacOS is licensed under the Mozilla Public License 2.0. You can find more information in the LICENSE file. There is also a Discord server for updates and support on OS development projects.

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A new book titled "Building a Debugger" is available for pre-order, expanding on a series that teaches how debuggers work and how to create one for Linux programs. Debuggers are essential tools for developers, yet there are few resources on writing them, especially compared to compilers.

The tutorial is divided into 10 parts and includes a GitHub repository with the final code. It supports Windows users through WSL. The debugger will have features like:

• Launching, halting, and continuing execution
• Setting breakpoints
• Reading/writing registers and memory
• Single stepping through code
• Printing source location, backtrace, and variable values

Additional features for remote debugging and multi-threaded support will be discussed in the final part. The focus will be on C and C++, but it will also work with other languages that compile to machine code and use DWARF debug information.

The setup involves using Linenoise for command line input and libelfin for parsing debug information. The tutorial will guide users through launching a program for debugging, interacting with it, and handling user input through a command-line interface similar to existing debuggers.

By the end, users should be able to run a program with the debugger, view halting points, and continue execution. Future tutorials will cover setting breakpoints and more advanced features.

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AMD has released an open-source driver called the "GPU-IOV Module" for virtualization, specifically designed for their Instinct accelerators. This driver enables hardware virtualization using SR-IOV technology in Linux environments, working alongside the KVM hypervisor.

The AMD GIM driver supports features like virtual function configuration, GPU scheduling, and error handling. It has been tested with the Instinct MI300X hardware on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS using ROCm 6.4. The code is available on GitHub, but there are no clear plans for integrating it into the main Linux kernel yet.

Additionally, AMD has indicated that they are planning to bring similar virtualization support to their Radeon discrete GPUs, which many users have been eagerly anticipating.

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Swift Container Plugin Summary

The Swift Container Plugin helps you build and publish container images for Swift server applications using the Swift Package Manager. Container images are essential for deploying cloud software on various platforms, whether public, private, or local.

Key Features:

• Package any executable defined in Package.swift into a container image.
• Publish the image to a container registry with a simple command.
• You can run the container image locally using a tool like Podman or deploy it in the cloud.

Usage Steps:

1. Add the plugin to your project.
2. Use the command to build and publish your container image.
3. Confirm network permissions for the plugin.
4. Run the image locally or in the cloud.

Requirements:

• Works on macOS and Linux with Swift 6.0 or later.
• macOS users need a cross-compilation Swift SDK for Linux compatibility.
• A container runtime is necessary to run the image but not to build it.

For more details, check the plugin documentation and examples.

This text introduces a draft protocol called "Spring '83," which aims to explore new ways of interacting online. It emphasizes that there are no traditional users, only "co-investigators" who engage with the protocol. Although the specification is now considered historical, the author hopes it will inspire creative thinking about online relationships.

The document includes a list of software implementations related to the protocol, such as clients and web components developed in various programming languages. The author invites anyone who has created a related project to reach out for inclusion in the list. The work is shared under a Creative Commons license, allowing others to use and adapt it.

No summary available.

The COMPUTEL videotex BBS has been revived after 30 years, allowing users to access it via a phone number in France. The original Minitel system, a popular French terminal, was first introduced in the 1980s and was replaced by the Télétel kiosk service in 2012. The author, Christian Quest, shares his journey of restoring his COMPUTEL server using an Apple IIe computer and custom software he developed called Cristel, which enhances the BASIC programming language for Minitel.

Initially, Minitels were distributed for free to replace printed phone books, and the author recalls his early experiences with the system. Over the years, he created various software and services for Minitel users, forming a community of micro-servers. After the Télétel kiosk's shutdown, the author realized that Minitel could still function independently.

In 2017, motivated by a friend's book on Minitel, he decided to restore his old COMPUTEL server. He found and revived his old files and acquired new hardware to set it back up. Using modern VOIP technology, he established a dedicated phone line for the server, allowing it to operate as it did in the past.

The author emphasizes the significance of preserving Minitel's cultural heritage and expresses hope for a resurgence of micro-servers. He mentions future projects, including adapting software for newer Minitel models and possibly creating a Minitel museum in France. Overall, the restoration serves both as a nostalgic endeavor and a technical challenge.

Summary of Index

Index is an advanced open-source browser agent designed to perform complex tasks on the web autonomously. It uses powerful language models (LLMs) with vision capabilities, including:

• Gemini 2.5 Pro: Fast and accurate.
• Claude 3.7 Sonnet: Reliable with extended thinking.
• OpenAI o4-mini: Balances speed, cost, and accuracy based on the task.
• Gemini 2.5 Flash: Very fast and cost-effective for simpler tasks.

Usage

1. Installation: You can install Index using the command pip install lmnr-index.
2. Running the Agent: Use index run in the interactive command line interface (CLI) or access it through a serverless API.
3. API Setup: To use the API, create a project API key and refer to the documentation for detailed instructions.

Features

• Interactive CLI: Allows for browser state persistence, real-time updates, and a user-friendly interface.
• Code Integration: You can run the agent with Python code and leverage different models for various tasks.
• Observability: Integrates with Laminar for tracking agent actions and recording browser sessions.

Example Commands

• Summarizing Content: The agent can navigate to a website, extract information, and provide summaries (e.g., summarizing the first three companies from Y Combinator).
• Custom Configurations: You can customize browser settings like viewport size or connect to a Chrome DevTools Protocol endpoint for advanced usage.

For more details, refer to the full documentation available on the Index website.

Summary of Gitfaster:

Gitfaster is a new, fast GitHub client designed to improve your experience on GitHub. It offers features like:

• Sign In: Easy login to your GitHub account.
• Predictive Prefetching: It quickly loads files you might want to access next, making navigation smoother.
• Caching: It stores slow responses from the GitHub API, so you can access them faster later.
• Performance Focused: Gitfaster is designed to be fast and feel fast while using it.

Overall, Gitfaster aims to make using GitHub quicker and more efficient.

No summary available.

The paper titled "The Effect of Deactivating Facebook and Instagram on Users’ Emotional State" examines how taking a break from these social media platforms affects users' emotions. Conducted before the 2020 U.S. election, the study involved two large experiments.

Key findings include:

• Users who deactivated Facebook for six weeks reported an increase in happiness and a decrease in anxiety and depression, with a noticeable improvement of 0.060 standard deviations compared to those who only deactivated for the first week.
• Users who deactivated Instagram for the same period also showed an improvement, although less significant, at 0.041 standard deviations.
• The positive effects of deactivating Facebook were mainly observed in individuals over 35, while the benefits of Instagram deactivation were more pronounced among women under 25.

The authors acknowledge that their views do not necessarily reflect those of the National Bureau of Economic Research, and several authors have disclosed past affiliations or funding from Meta (Facebook's parent company).

On April 11, 2025, Daniel Petrica shared his experience participating in a Startup Weekend competition in Italy. The event focused on teaching participants how to create a startup from scratch, emphasizing the importance of identifying and validating a real problem, and designing effective solutions. Key learnings included:

1. Identifying a Problem: A successful startup should address a genuine issue. Participants learned to clearly define and analyze problems based on real-world observations.

2. Validating the Problem: It’s crucial to confirm that the problem exists through surveys and interviews with potential users.

3. Designing a Solution: After validating a problem, teams needed to create a solution that offered clear benefits and stood out from competitors.

4. Market Research: Understanding the target market and identifying early adopters is vital for success.

5. Pitching: A strong pitch can make or break an idea. Keeping presentations clear, using data, and engaging the audience are important techniques.

Daniel's team created "Fitravel," a service offering group travel packages that include gym access and meal plans for fitness enthusiasts. Their idea won first place in the competition, and they are now working to launch their first trip in September. Daniel plans to share more about his journey in building a startup in the future.

CubeCL Overview

CubeCL is a high-performance computing extension for Rust that allows you to program GPUs easily. It focuses on creating maintainable and efficient compute kernels while offering zero-cost abstractions.

Key Features:

• GPU Programming in Rust: You can write GPU functions in Rust using CubeCL, which supports functions, generics, and structs.
• Automatic Vectorization: The framework automatically optimizes code for performance by utilizing SIMD (Single Instruction, Multiple Data) instructions when possible.
• Comptime: This feature allows for compile-time optimizations, making it easier to create flexible and efficient kernels.
• Support for Multiple Runtimes: CubeCL works with various GPU architectures, including WGPU (cross-platform), CUDA (NVIDIA), and ROCm/HIP (AMD).

Usage Example: To run a GPU kernel, you simply annotate your function with the cube attribute and then launch it using autogenerated functions. For instance, a GELU (Gaussian Error Linear Unit) function can be executed with minimal code setup.

Motivation: CubeCL aims to simplify writing optimized compute kernels that work across different hardware platforms, reducing the need for custom code for each type of GPU.

Development Goals: The team plans to expand CubeCL by adding more features, such as convolutions and fast Fourier transforms, and to develop a robust ecosystem for scientific computing in Rust.

Design and Implementation: CubeCL uses Rust's procedural macro system to parse kernel code and generate functions that create an intermediate representation for execution. This approach allows for high flexibility and integration with Rust's existing features.

Current Status: CubeCL is in the alpha stage and is actively being developed. While it has a foundation for high performance, there are still improvements to be made. The project started as a WebGPU backend and expanded to support CUDA, evolving into a comprehensive solution for GPU programming in Rust.

Community and Contributions: Users are encouraged to contribute and join the community for support and to help improve the library.

On April 23, 2025, a whistleblower named Daniel J. Berulis from the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) reported that Elon Musk's Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) unlawfully accessed sensitive NLRB files. In March, DOGE employees created special accounts that allowed them to download over 10 gigabytes of data, including information on employees seeking to form unions.

Berulis highlighted that these accounts had excessive permissions, enabling them to bypass security logging and manipulate data. He discovered that they downloaded three code libraries from GitHub, including a program created by Marko Elez, a DOGE staff member with a controversial background. This program was designed for web scraping and could be used to exploit data from various sources.

Berulis raised concerns that the unauthorized data transfer could give companies an unfair advantage in ongoing labor disputes, potentially allowing them to target union organizers. The situation is compounded by the NLRB's weakened state due to recent political changes, leaving it unable to effectively respond to these issues.

The story raises serious questions about data security and ethical practices within government agencies and private companies.

Summary: Building Multi-Agent Workflows with Rowboat

Rowboat allows you to create multi-agent workflows quickly and easily. Just share your idea, and Rowboat will build it for you. For instance, you can ask for an assistant for a food delivery service that tracks delivery status and missing items.

Key Steps to Get Started:

1. Connect MCP Servers: Add and import tools from MCP servers into Rowboat through the settings.

2. Integrate into Your App: Use either the HTTP API or Python SDK to connect Rowboat to your application.

3. Setup Instructions:

   • Set your OpenAI key.
   • Clone the Rowboat repository and start it using Docker.
   • Access your app at http://localhost:3000.

4. Demo Feature: You can chat with Rowboat to create a multi-agent assistant using MCP tools.

5. Integration Methods:

   • HTTP API: Use the API for direct interactions.
   • Python SDK: Install the SDK and follow examples to interact with agents.

For detailed instructions, check the documentation.

Pixels are a unit used to measure both length and area in digital images, which can create confusion.

1. Dimensions: Pixels can describe linear dimensions (e.g., an image that is 1920 pixels wide and 1080 pixels tall) or area (e.g., a camera sensor with 12 megapixels, meaning 12 million pixels).

2. Mathematical Conflict: When you multiply two pixel measurements (width and height), you get an area measured in square pixels. This leads to a confusing conclusion that a pixel can equal 1, similar to how certain mathematical units like radians or steradians work.

3. Possible Solutions:

   • One approach is to define a pixel as a square with a size that varies by device, introducing a term "pixel-side" for its linear dimension.
   • Another approach insists that a pixel is a length unit, referring to areas in square pixels (e.g., an 8 million square pixel display).

4. Conclusion: While this issue isn't critical because the pixel isn't a formal metric unit, it shows the inconsistencies in how terminology is used in computing compared to scientific measurements. This is similar to how the pound is used for both mass and force, while the metric system keeps these concepts separate.

Summary: Turns Codebase into Easy Tutorial with AI

This tutorial teaches you how to create an AI agent that analyzes GitHub code repositories and generates beginner-friendly tutorials explaining the code. It uses a 100-line framework called Pocket Flow, which crawls repositories, identifies key components, and simplifies complex code into easy-to-understand tutorials with visuals.

Key Features:

• The AI generates tutorials automatically from GitHub code.
• It has been recognized on HackerNews with over 800 upvotes.
• Examples of generated tutorials for popular repositories are available.

Getting Started:

1. Clone the repository and install dependencies using pip install -r requirements.txt.
2. Set up the AI model credentials in the script.
3. Run the main script to analyze a GitHub repository or a local directory and generate tutorials in various languages.

Overall, this project simplifies learning from codebases by creating accessible tutorials using AI, making it easier for beginners to understand programming concepts.

The director of the National Science Foundation (NSF), Sethuraman Panchanathan, announced his resignation today, 16 months before his term was set to end. In his resignation letter, he expressed gratitude for the opportunity to serve and mentioned that he felt it was time for new leadership. Although he did not provide a specific reason for his departure, reports suggest that pressures from the White House, including significant budget cuts and staff layoffs, may have influenced his decision.

Panchanathan faced challenges from directives that halted new grant approvals and terminated existing grants, particularly those related to diversity and environmental justice, which were not aligned with the current administration’s priorities. These changes came after a department linked to Elon Musk began operations at NSF and were seen as disruptive to the agency’s grantmaking process.

Before leading NSF, Panchanathan had a long career in academia and had served on the National Science Board. The agency is now looking for an acting director until a new permanent leader is appointed. In his letter, Panchanathan reflected on the accomplishments during his tenure and emphasized the importance of NSF in maintaining U.S. scientific leadership.

This repository provides examples of Apache Lucene features, along with detailed explanations in the code comments. The samples can be used in different ways:

1. Read the Source Code: The comments clarify the code.
2. Debugging: Open a sample in your IDE, debug it, and follow the comments. You can also modify the code to see the effects.
3. Online Documentation: View the examples as a web page generated with Docco at this link.

Getting Started

The examples require Lucene 10 and JDK 21 or higher. To get started, clone the repository and build the examples using:

git clone https://github.com/msfroh/lucene-university.git
cd lucene-university
./gradlew build

In IntelliJ, you can import the project by selecting "File -> New -> Project from Existing Sources..." and choosing the cloned location.

Contributing

Contributions are welcome! You can suggest new examples or create pull requests for improvements. Each code example should:

• Be self-contained and only import Lucene and Java classes.
• Include a public static void main method to demonstrate the feature.
• Start with a comment header that includes a title and a summary.

License

The code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. For details, refer to the LICENSE file in the repository.

Summary of Teaching LLMs to Create Solid Models

Recent advancements show that large language models (LLMs) can generate CAD models for simple 3D mechanical parts, indicating they will soon excel in this area. An AI mechanical engineer would focus on tasks like material selection and CAD model design, traditionally done using software like Fusion 360 or Solidworks.

To enhance CAD modeling, researchers are training generative models on vast libraries of existing CAD files. A notable approach involves using OpenSCAD, a programmatic CAD tool where users write scripts to create models instead of using a graphical interface. This allows LLMs to leverage their coding capabilities to generate designs.

A project was initiated to evaluate LLMs' effectiveness in creating solid models via OpenSCAD. The evaluation involved creating specific tasks for the LLMs to complete, with clear geometric requirements to ensure uniformity in scoring. The automated evaluation process checks if the generated models meet geometric criteria compared to reference models.

Initial results indicated that LLMs are becoming proficient in generating OpenSCAD code that successfully compiles into 3D models. The evaluation showed a range of success rates based on task complexity, with LLMs struggling more with tasks requiring multiple operations.

Furthermore, new startups like AdamCad and Zoo.dev are developing text-to-CAD tools, with Zoo.dev launching an API for direct STL generation. Initial comparisons showed that LLMs generating OpenSCAD models performed better than Zoo.dev's direct STL output.

Looking forward, the integration of LLMs in CAD design is expected to grow, with potential for significant improvements in user experience and functionality. The goal is for GenCAD tools to automate and enhance various aspects of CAD design, making the design process faster and more efficient for mechanical engineers.