On June 17, 2025, Honda successfully conducted a test of its experimental reusable rocket in Taiki Town, Japan. The rocket, measuring 6.3 meters long and weighing 900 kg, achieved an altitude of 271.4 meters and landed just 37 cm from its target after a flight lasting 56.6 seconds. This test focused on demonstrating technologies needed for rocket reusability, including stability during flight and landing.

Honda has been conducting rocket engine tests in the same area since 2024, prioritizing safety with a restricted zone during tests and cooperation from local authorities. The company aims to leverage its technology to develop reusable rockets, which could launch satellites and contribute to various services, especially as the demand for satellite launches increases.

Toshihiro Mibe, Honda's CEO, expressed pride in the progress made and emphasized the importance of rocket research in enhancing Honda's technological capabilities while addressing environmental and safety challenges. Honda's long-term goal is to achieve suborbital launch capabilities by 2029.

No summary available.

No summary available.

In a recent article, Brian Hicks discusses the importance of designing software with the understanding that not all users have access to fast and stable internet, even in 2025. He emphasizes that while around 97% of U.S. households have internet access, many do not achieve speeds better than 25 Mbps download and 3 Mbps upload. This issue is more pronounced in rural areas compared to urban ones.

Hicks uses data from the FCC and the U.S. Department of Education to illustrate the current state of internet access. While internet availability is improving, particularly among students, there are still significant numbers of people, especially in lower-income households, who rely on slower connections or mobile access.

He advises web developers to consider the varying internet speeds of their users when designing software. For example, they should account for users with slow or capped connections, as large downloads or data-heavy applications could be problematic. Overall, the article stresses the need for software design to be inclusive of users with different internet capabilities.

The article discusses the enduring popularity of JPEG images on the internet, which has lasted for 30 years. JPEG became the main format for sharing digital photos due to its effective image compression, allowing for smaller file sizes without significantly sacrificing quality. The article highlights the importance of JPEG in digital photography and its widespread use today.

No summary available.

No summary available.

A recent study suggests that each person's breathing pattern is unique, similar to a fingerprint, and can reveal information about their physical and mental health. Researchers monitored the breathing of 97 healthy individuals for 24 hours using a special device that tracks airflow through the nostrils. They found that they could accurately identify people based on their breathing patterns. Additionally, these patterns were linked to body-mass index (BMI) and levels of depression and anxiety.

The study's co-author, Noam Sobel, noted that breathing is closely connected to brain function, leading the team to hypothesize that individual differences in breath could reflect unique brain activity. They used a machine-learning algorithm to analyze the data and achieved a 96.8% accuracy rate in identifying participants.

The researchers also discovered that breathing patterns varied according to participants' BMI and mental health scores, even among those with generally low anxiety and depression. This research could lead to new diagnostic tools based on breathing patterns.

No summary available.

No summary available.

3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) is a new method for creating realistic 3D scenes, but it's difficult to use on mobile devices like smartphones because they have limited processing power. A common solution is to use cloud computing, but simply streaming images from the cloud can be slow and require too much internet bandwidth.

This paper presents a better approach to enable large-scale 3DGS rendering on mobile devices. The main idea is that the number of new visible elements (Gaussians) stays fairly constant during normal movement. To take advantage of this, the system only sends the necessary Gaussians to the mobile device.

On the cloud side, it uses a smart method to find which Gaussians are needed, and on the mobile side, it speeds up rendering with a special lookup table. Together, these techniques allow for fast, low-latency 3DGS rendering on mobile devices. This new system, called Voyager, significantly reduces data transfer by over 100 times and speeds up processing by nearly 9 times, while still maintaining good visual quality.

Summary of cmapv2 Installation and Usage

Installation:

1. Navigate to your Go project directory (where go.mod is located).
2. Run the command:

   go get github.com/sirgallo/cmapv2
   

3. Execute go mod tidy to install dependencies.

Usage:

• Import the package in your Go program:

  import "github.com/sirgallo/cmapv2"
  

• To use the cmap:

  1. Create a new map:

     cMap := cmap.NewMap()
     

  2. Add a key-value pair:

     cMap.Put([]byte("hi"), []byte("world"))
     

  3. Retrieve a value using a key:

     val := cMap.Get([]byte("hi"))
     

  4. Remove a key-value pair:

     cMap.Delete([]byte("hi"))
     

• For a sharded map (to improve performance), specify the number of shards:

  sMap := cmap.NewMap(16)
  

Testing:

• To run tests, use:

  go test -v ./tests
  

• For benchmarking, run:

  go test -v -bench=. -benchmem -cpuprofile cpu.prof -memprofile mem.prof ./tests
  

• View results with:

  go tool pprof -http=:8080 tests.test cpu.prof
  go tool pprof -http=:8080 tests.test mem.prof
  

Sources:

• CMap
• Murmur
• Tests

A 51-year-old man with chest pain was initially diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome by multiple doctors. However, a more thorough investigation by one hospitalist revealed a life-threatening aortic dissection that others had missed. This situation highlights the cognitive error known as "premature closure," where doctors settle on a diagnosis too quickly without considering alternatives.

Similarly, in software development, AI coding assistants can generate convincing solutions that may not address the root problem. For example, an AI might suggest adding an index to improve performance, but the real issue could be an inefficient query pattern. While AI can speed up development and save time, relying too heavily on its first suggestion can lead to missed opportunities for deeper problem-solving and technical debt.

To avoid these pitfalls, developers should:

1. Review AI-generated code critically, just as they would with a colleague's work.
2. Request multiple solutions from AI to encourage exploration.
3. Assess the trade-off between speed and learning, especially for complex tasks.
4. Trust but verify the AI's suggestions, ensuring understanding of the code.

A balanced approach is advised: use AI for predictable tasks but engage actively in complex problem-solving, preserving the essential skills of exploration and critical thinking.

Chawan is a terminal-based web browser built with Nim. It has decent CSS rendering, some support for JavaScript, and can display inline images. Besides HTTP(S), it can handle other protocols like FTP, gopher, and gemini. Chawan started as a clone of the w3m browser but has a different architecture, loading pages in separate processes and managing file types through external programs. This allows for the registration of custom image format decoders, though this feature is rarely used. You can see examples of websites rendered by Chawan in its gallery here.

Summary of "The Humble Programmer" by Edsger W. Dijkstra

Edsger W. Dijkstra reflects on his journey into programming, starting in 1952 when he became the first programmer in the Netherlands. He notes the slow emergence of the profession and his initial doubts about its respectability compared to fields like theoretical physics. A conversation with his boss, A. van Wijngaarden, changed his perspective, leading him to dedicate himself to programming.

Dijkstra discusses the early days of programming, highlighting the challenges faced by programmers due to the limitations of the first computers. These machines were often unreliable and cumbersome, making programming a less glamorous and recognized field. He points out two prevailing misconceptions: that programming was primarily about clever tricks and optimizing machine efficiency.

As computers evolved, they became significantly more powerful, yet programming problems grew more complex, leading to what Dijkstra calls a "software crisis." He emphasizes that while hardware improved, it also introduced new challenges, complicating the programming landscape.

Dijkstra discusses key programming languages and their impacts. He praises early developments like subroutine libraries and languages such as FORTRAN and LISP for their contributions to programming but criticizes their limitations. He expresses concern over the complexity of languages like PL/I, which he believes can overwhelm programmers.

Looking to the future, Dijkstra envisions a revolution in programming, where systems can be developed more reliably and efficiently. He identifies three essential conditions for this change: recognition of the need for better software reliability, economic pressures to improve programming efficiency, and the technical feasibility of such advancements.

He outlines six arguments supporting the potential for significant improvements in programming practices, including the importance of designing manageable programs, the need for correct proofs alongside program development, and the influence of programming languages on thought processes.

Dijkstra concludes by stressing that the challenges of programming require humility and a modest approach, advocating for programming languages that are simple and elegant. He believes that embracing the complexity of programming can lead to greater understanding and improved design processes.

The author has been developing a project called Canine for about a year. They started it because they were frustrated with the high costs of cloud hosting services like Heroku and Render, which were costing them over $400 a month. They switched to a more affordable provider, Hetzner, which only costs $4 for a 4GB machine.

While Hetzner is cheaper, it lacks easy tools for managing DNS, SSL certificates, team collaboration, and GitHub integration. The author decided to create a solution similar to Heroku for Hetzner users. Although it took longer than expected, they made good progress.

Canine allows users to easily host various applications, including databases and other open-source projects. The project is open source and can be found on GitHub, and there is also a cloud-hosted version available online.

Recent blackouts in the Iberian region, particularly in Spain, may be attributed more to regulatory issues than to a lack of renewable energy sources. As future power grids evolve, there may be a need to better manage reactive power, which is essential for maintaining the stability of electrical systems. The article highlights the importance of understanding and improving grid management to prevent such blackouts.

Summary of the Text:

Benzene, discovered by Michael Faraday in 1825, is a unique and important chemical compound known for its distinctive aromatic smell and complex properties. It is a colorless liquid that is highly flammable and can dissolve various substances. Benzene's behavior challenged early chemists and led to the understanding of aromatic compounds, forming a key part of organic chemistry.

Over the years, researchers have built on benzene’s legacy, discovering polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nanographenes, which have unique properties and applications in materials science. Notable advancements include the synthesis of hexabenzocoronene and larger structures, showcasing the potential of organic chemistry.

Benzene has also contributed to the creation of groundbreaking materials like fullerenes and carbon nanotubes, which are strong and conductive. Graphene, made from a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb structure, exemplifies benzene's versatility and has applications in electronics and medicine.

To celebrate the 200th anniversary of benzene's discovery, the Royal Society of Chemistry will publish a special issue highlighting its significant impact on science and education, including its role in understanding key concepts in chemistry.

Summary of "What I Wish Someone Told Me When I Was Getting Into ARIA"

Eric Bailey shares insights on Accessible Rich Internet Applications (ARIA), emphasizing its importance in web accessibility. Here are the key points:

1. Understanding ARIA: ARIA supplements HTML to enhance accessibility for users relying on assistive technologies. It provides additional context about interactivity, purpose, and the state of web elements.

2. Common Misconceptions: The post aims to clarify misunderstandings about ARIA, such as its proper use and limitations. It is not a complete guide to building accessible websites but rather a preparatory resource.

3. Rules for Using ARIA: There are five main rules:

   • Prefer native HTML elements.
   • Don't alter the semantics of native elements.
   • Ensure all interactive elements are keyboard operable.
   • Avoid using ARIA attributes that hide focusable elements from assistive technologies.
   • Name all interactive elements clearly.

4. Roles, States, and Properties: ARIA has a structured grammar involving roles (what the element is), states (its characteristics), and properties (additional information). Understanding these helps ensure proper implementation.

5. Testing and Support: ARIA can behave differently across browsers and assistive technologies, making manual testing essential. There's no guarantee that all ARIA features will be supported, so developers must verify their implementations.

6. Best Practices: Use semantic HTML wherever possible, and apply ARIA only when necessary. Avoid redundant or incorrect declarations.

7. Continuous Learning: ARIA is evolving, and staying updated on its latest version and practices is crucial for developers aiming to create accessible web experiences.

8. Impact on Users: Proper implementation of ARIA can significantly enhance the web experience for people with disabilities, allowing them to navigate and interact with content effectively.

Overall, Bailey encourages developers to approach ARIA thoughtfully and prioritize accessibility in their designs.

The text discusses the evolution of Multi-Channel Platforms (MCPs) and compares them to the early days of Web 2.0. MCPs are seen as a promising technology that could connect large language models (LLMs) to various data and applications, allowing them to perform tasks for users. However, just like in Web 2.0, where early open APIs became restrictive, MCPs are also facing similar challenges.

Key points include:

1. Web 2.0 Vision: Initially, Web 2.0 aimed for interconnected services that allowed easy data sharing through APIs. However, over time, these APIs became complicated and restrictive.

2. Current API Landscape: Today, many APIs support certain functions, like advertising on platforms like Facebook and Google, but few allow for data consumption.

3. MCPs' Challenges: MCPs are emerging but face the same fate as Web 2.0, with platforms wanting to control access to their data and AI technologies.

4. Recent Developments: Several companies, including Slack and X (formerly Twitter), have limited third-party access to their platforms, indicating a trend towards tighter control over data.

5. Conclusion: While MCPs hold potential, they are likely to become tightly regulated and may not allow for competition or free use, similar to the trajectory of Web 2.0 APIs.

In summary, the hope for MCPs to enable free data exchange is at risk as platforms tighten their control, mirroring past experiences with Web 2.0.

Andrew McKean, after moving to a care facility, discovered a community called the Dull Men’s Club, where members celebrate everyday dullness and share a humorous, self-deprecating view of life. The club, which began in New York in the 1980s, now has millions of online members who connect over mundane interests and quirky hobbies, often competing to be the dullest.

Founded by Grover Click, the club encourages members to embrace their dullness, avoiding excitement and maintaining a light-hearted tone. Members share experiences about ordinary moments, such as debates over toilet paper placement or the performance of windscreen wipers.

McKean, an 85-year-old former electronics engineer, writes about his experiences in the care facility, turning the monotony into poetic reflections. He finds solace and connection through his writing shared in the club, which has become a significant part of his life, providing purpose and community as he adapts to his new surroundings.

Summary of "Selfish Reasons for Building Accessible UIs"

The article discusses the importance of creating accessible user interfaces (UIs) from a developer's perspective, focusing on practical benefits rather than moral arguments. Here are the key points:

1. Debuggability: Accessible UIs are easier to debug. Using proper HTML structures (like tables) instead of many nested <div>s makes it clear where elements are, helping developers find and fix issues quickly.

2. Naming Conventions: Accessibility standards provide clear names for UI components (like “combobox” or “listbox”), which helps developers avoid confusion and improves code readability. Using ARIA attributes also simplifies CSS styling.

3. Testability: Building UIs with accessibility in mind makes it easier to write tests. Using semantic elements allows for more reliable tests that are less likely to break with changes in the UI.

4. Power Users: Developers who are power users themselves appreciate accessible interfaces that support keyboard navigation. This enhances their workflow and productivity.

5. Personal Motivation: The author shares a personal connection to accessibility, citing experiences with blind individuals. They emphasize that building accessible UIs is not just a moral obligation but also beneficial for developers.

6. Current Challenges: The author notes that many web pages still have significant accessibility errors, highlighting the need for improvement in this area. They advocate for a shift in how developers approach accessibility, suggesting that it can be integrated into the development process without becoming a burden.

Overall, the article encourages developers to pursue accessibility for their own benefit while also enhancing the experience for users with disabilities.

No summary available.

No summary available.

Summary of "Fun with Telnet" by Brandon Rozek

Brandon Rozek shares his enjoyment of using Telnet, a network protocol, to access fun online experiences. He mentions a Star Wars animation available at "towel.blinkenlights.nl" that he found entertaining.

He lists several other interesting Telnet addresses:

• freechess.org 5000: Play chess
• mtrek.com 1701: Space combat game inspired by Star Trek
• fibs.com 4321: Play backgammon
• mapscii.me: Interactive world map
• telehack.com: Simulation of Arpanet/Usenet with over 60 text-based games

Rozek reminds users to be cautious since Telnet communication is not secure and can expose sensitive information. He encourages exploration of the unique offerings within the Telnet world.

Anduril has been named the top company on the 2025 CNBC Disruptor 50 list, reflecting a surge in interest and investment in defense technology. The list showcases companies that are making significant advancements, particularly in artificial intelligence.

The author is creating a simple library for transforming 2D and 3D objects in a web browser using mouse or touch controls, with a fixed camera view. They want it to be user-friendly, like a basic 3D editor that anyone can use, without needing advanced skills. After not finding a lightweight option, they're building it themselves, using Three.js/R3F, and drawing inspiration from VR/AR systems for interaction. They invite others to try it out and provide feedback.

No summary available.

Last week, I rented a BMW from Sixt in Italy and noticed that Bluetooth was disabled in the default driver profile. I created my own BMW ID, paired it with the car, and removed the existing profile. When I returned the car, I informed Sixt that I had linked my BMW ID, and they assured me the vehicle would be reset.

However, today I checked the "My BMW" app out of curiosity and found that I still had full remote access to the car, including live location tracking, remote lock/unlock, and more. This was concerning because the car was likely rented by someone else, and I could still track and interact with it.

This situation highlights a significant security and privacy issue: my BMW ID was still linked to the vehicle, and Sixt's reset process did not remove my access. I suspect that this could be a problem for other rental companies using BMW's ConnectedDrive if they don't properly disassociate previous renters' accounts.

No summary available.

No summary available.

Open-source RISC-V cores are becoming more popular in industries like automotive and space, where high performance is essential. However, some high-performance cores, like BOOM and Xiangshan, face challenges because they are developed using tools with limited industrial support. Others, like the XuanTie C910 core, use proprietary protocols that don't fully comply with RISC-V standards.

In this work, we modified the C910 core to ensure it meets RISC-V standards for debugging, interrupts, and memory interfaces. We also introduced CVA6S+, an upgraded version of the CVA6 core, which provides a 34.4% performance improvement.

We conducted a thorough analysis comparing the performance, area, power, and energy of the modified C910 core, CVA6S+, and the original CVA6 core, all implemented in 22nm technology. The results showed that CVA6S+ has a 6% larger area but offers a significant performance boost, while C910 has a much larger area and even higher performance improvement. Interestingly, CVA6S+ is more efficient in terms of area usage, while C910 excels in energy efficiency. This suggests that high performance in complex cores doesn't always mean a big sacrifice in area and energy efficiency.

No summary available.

The author shares their personal experience with generative AI coding tools, explaining why they do not find them beneficial. Here are the key points:

1. No Speed Improvement: The author believes generative AI tools do not make coding faster. They feel responsible for the code they use, so they cannot trust AI-generated code without thorough review, which often takes as much time as writing the code themselves.

2. Quality Assurance: Reviewing AI-generated code is complex and time-consuming. The author argues that using such tools without review is risky, as they would still be liable for any issues that arise.

3. Not a "Multiplier": Claims that AI tools help people work faster are seen as subjective and lacking hard evidence. The author doubts that others are genuinely more efficient, believing they may skip necessary reviews.

4. Learning and Growth: The author enjoys learning new programming languages and technologies, finding value in the learning process itself rather than relying on AI.

5. Human vs. AI Contributions: They differentiate between code from open-source contributors, which they appreciate for collaborative input, and AI-generated code, which they find less engaging and harder to trust.

6. AI's Limitations: The author compares AI tools to interns, stating that interns can learn and improve over time, while AI lacks this ability and resets with each new task.

7. Conclusion: The author emphasizes that generative AI coding tools do not provide a "free lunch" and that those who claim otherwise may be compromising on quality or have vested interests in promoting AI.

The overall message is that while generative AI tools may seem appealing, they do not enhance the author's productivity or work quality, and they advocate for maintaining high standards in coding.

After 25 years in software development, the author reminisced about the old DOS demoscene that inspired them to start programming. They spent a weekend recreating classic visual effects using modern web technology, specifically in a single HTML file with only vanilla JavaScript and a canvas element.

The portfolio includes ten effects, including:

• Color palette cycling and smooth fading for a Plasma effect.
• A buffer-averaging algorithm for a realistic Fire effect.
• Distance-based texture crossfading in a Tunnel effect to simulate flying.
• A 2D scalar field for Metaballs, giving them a blended, metallic look.

This project was a fun challenge that reminded the author of the creativity of early demo programmers. They hope it evokes nostalgia for others and are interested in hearing about favorite classic demos or suggestions for new effects to try.

Nathan Figueroa argues that now is an excellent time to learn software development, despite concerns about AI replacing developers. He shares his experiences managing coding agents and highlights that while AI can automate coding, many challenges in development are social and require human insight.

Key points include:

1. Opportunity for Developers: With AI's ability to streamline coding, developers can work more efficiently. Instead of fearing layoffs, they should embrace AI as a powerful tool and adapt to new technologies.

2. AI's Limitations: While AI can generate code, it often creates illusions of solutions that don’t address underlying problems. Developers still need to understand the real issues and guide clients effectively.

3. Ongoing Need for Developers: There are still many software problems to solve. The demand for knowledgeable developers who can leverage AI is likely to grow, rather than diminish.

4. Investment in Talent: Organizations should continue to invest in human developers, as those who do will benefit in the long run. The future may be uncertain, but human oversight of AI remains crucial.

Figueroa concludes that while technology is changing rapidly, the role of skilled developers is still vital.

No summary available.

I'm excited to share that I've joined Turso as a software engineer, which is especially meaningful to me because I'm currently incarcerated. My journey began when I published a blog post about my life nearly two years ago, after years without internet access. I ended up in prison due to poor choices related to drugs in my twenties.

In prison, I enrolled in a college program, which allowed me to access a computer and reignited my passion for programming. I worked hard, spending over 15 hours a day on projects and contributing to open-source software. I was then selected for a remote work program and secured a job at Unlocked Labs, where I eventually led the development team.

I discovered Turso's Project Limbo and became deeply involved, contributing to its development while managing my job and studying database systems. My contributions caught the attention of Turso's team, leading to an opportunity to work with them full-time, which I never thought possible just a few years ago.

Although I received some disappointing news about my release, I see it as a chance to focus on my career. I'm grateful for the support I've received and proud to show that hard work can lead to new opportunities, even from challenging circumstances. Thank you to everyone who has supported me along the way.

Nikolay Sivko's blog discusses how to use GPUs with Kubernetes and how to monitor their performance. He explains the steps for setting up GPU support in Kubernetes and emphasizes the importance of making GPU usage observable for better management and optimization. The blog aims to help users effectively utilize GPUs in their Kubernetes environments.

Summary of Jacob's Phone Simulator Post

Jacob created a phone simulator to show how he browses the web. The tool is meant to help web designers make their websites easier to read and accessible for different users. It features a backspace function to navigate back in the browser.

The post includes a brief mention of his inspiration for the project, which stems from his experience with a faulty phone.

Latest Posts:

1. How to Shrink .pck Size in Godot - Tips on reducing file size for HTML5 game exports.
2. Tanaka Isson - A look at the life and art of a Japanese painter who moved to an island after being rejected by the art community.
3. Cat Demon Returns - An update on a cat demon previously caught by his wife.
4. Tips from a Solopreneur - Insights from a solo entrepreneur that resonate with Jacob's experiences.
5. Jacob Eats: the Kloud - A humorous exploration of cloud computing services through a tasting journey.

Summary of KiCad and Wayland Support

The KiCad development team has addressed user inquiries about the software's compatibility with Wayland, as major Linux distributions like Fedora and Ubuntu plan to phase out X11 support.

Current Status:

• KiCad can run on Wayland, but it has significant limitations that affect user experience, including:
  • Window Management Issues: Problems with window placement, docking panels, and managing multiple windows.
  • Input Issues: Unpredictable cursor behavior and focus management.
  • Performance Problems: Higher CPU/GPU usage, graphical glitches, and application crashes.
  • Dialog Limitations: Issues with dialog behavior and external tool interactions.

Reasons for Issues:

• Wayland lacks essential features that were standard in X11 and other operating systems, causing inconsistent behavior across different desktop environments.

Development Approach:

• KiCad will not implement specific fixes for different window managers to avoid complicated maintenance.
• The team will continue to improve Wayland compatibility but will prioritize features that benefit all users.
• They will not support bug reports related to Wayland-specific issues.

User Recommendations:

• For Professionals: Use X11-based desktop environments (like XFCE or KDE) for a reliable experience.
• For Casual Users: KiCad can work on Wayland, but users should expect limitations and potential frustrations.

Future Outlook:

• While the team acknowledges the evolution of the Linux desktop, they prioritize user productivity over adapting to experimental technologies. They continue to monitor Wayland's development and welcome contributions to improve compatibility.

Conclusion:

• For optimal use of KiCad on Linux, users should rely on X11 environments.

The text discusses using Claude Code, a powerful coding tool, to enhance productivity and streamline the onboarding process for understanding codebases. The author emphasizes that this exploration is more experimental than introductory, and highlights the costs associated with using Claude Max, priced at $250 per month.

Key points include:

1. New Possibilities: Claude Code allows users to automate the process of understanding codebases by generating documentation and presentations from code analysis.

2. Dynamic Documentation: The tool can create a slide deck overview of a codebase, making it easier for team members to onboard quickly.

3. Scripting and Automation: Users can script tasks using Claude Code to analyze recent changes in a repository and generate reports, enhancing team communication and efficiency.

4. Integration with Other Tools: The author mentions the potential to use Claude Code with other tools like Codex (from OpenAI) to create a more powerful and flexible coding environment.

5. Exploration of Sub-agents: There is interest in using multiple agents from different companies to tackle tasks collaboratively, although this may have token and cost implications.

Overall, the text highlights the innovative uses of Claude Code and its potential to revolutionize coding practices and collaboration within development teams.

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We introduce a new architecture for large language models (LLMs) that efficiently processes very long texts, potentially up to millions of words. Unlike traditional models that use self-attention, which can be slow and use a lot of memory, our design does not rely on attention between every token. Instead, it uses a combination of effective methods:

1. State Space Blocks: These learn to handle long sequences efficiently.
2. Multi Resolution Convolution Layers: These capture local context at various levels.
3. Lightweight Recurrent Supervisor: This keeps track of information across different parts of the text.
4. Retrieval Augmented External Memory: This stores and retrieves important summaries without the heavy computational load of traditional methods.

Overall, this approach allows for efficient processing of very large texts without the usual drawbacks.

No summary available.

faynoSync is a simple, open-source API server that allows you to manage updates for various applications, including desktop software, mobile apps, and browser extensions. It ensures that updates are delivered easily, securely, and reliably, without needing any external tools. You have complete control over the update process.

Summary of Adding Public Transport Data to Transitous

Transitous is a community-driven public transport routing service that uses the MOTIS routing engine and various datasets globally. It supports applications like GNOME Maps and KDE Itinerary. To improve Transitous, community members can help by identifying and fixing data gaps.

Here are the key points:

1. Data Verification: Users should compare Transitous data with actual public transport schedules to identify any inaccuracies.

2. GTFS Feeds: The core data for Transitous comes from GTFS (General Transit Feed Specification) feeds, which are zip files containing transport schedules. More than 1,800 feeds from 55 countries are currently used. Finding these feeds can involve checking local transport operators or national open data portals.

3. Realtime Data: To manage delays and service changes, Transitous also needs GTFS Realtime (RT) feeds, which provide live updates on trip schedules, service alerts, and vehicle positions.

4. Shared Mobility Data: Transitous includes shared mobility options (like bike or scooter sharing) via GBFS (General Bikeshare Feed Specification) feeds, which detail vehicle availability and pickup/drop-off locations.

5. On-Demand Services: These services, which require advance booking, are important for areas with lower transport demand. GTFS-Flex is a new standard for these services, but it currently lacks validation in the Transitous pipeline.

6. OpenStreetMap (OSM): OSM data is crucial for routing. Users can help by fixing floor-level mapping for accurate routing within buildings.

7. Additional Opportunities: There are many areas for improvement, including enhancing existing datasets, expanding GTFS standards, converting other data formats, and incorporating elevation data for routing.

Community involvement is encouraged through data verification, discussions in Transitous channels, and participation in events like the Transitous Hack Weekend and the Open Transport Community Conference.

Summary of "Writing in the Age of LLMs"

In this article, the author shares insights on writing with the help of Large Language Models (LLMs) and identifies common issues in LLM-generated text.

Common Problems with LLM Writing:

1. Empty Conclusions: LLMs often include vague summary sentences that don't add value.
2. Overuse of Bullet Points: Excessive lists can confuse rather than clarify.
3. Flat Sentence Rhythm: Uniform sentence lengths can make writing monotonous.
4. Incorrect Subjects: LLMs sometimes choose the wrong subjects, making sentences unclear.
5. Low Information Density: Many LLM sentences sound nice but lack substance.
6. Vagueness: LLMs frequently avoid specific details, leading to unclear statements.
7. Overuse of Pronouns: References without clear nouns can confuse readers.
8. Fluency Without Understanding: LLMs can produce fluent text that lacks depth or context.

Acceptable LLM-Like Writing Patterns:

The author notes that some writing styles labeled as "LLM-like" can be effective when used intentionally, including:

• Intentional Repetition: Helps reinforce complex ideas.
• Signposting Phrases: Guides readers through dense sections.
• Parallel Structure: Organizes ideas clearly.
• Declarative Openings: Sets strong expectations for the reader.

Author's Writing Process with LLMs:

1. Outline Creation: The author narrates their ideas to the LLM to generate a structured outline.
2. Initial Drafting: They write rough paragraphs themselves and use the LLM to finish them if needed.
3. Focused Revisions: Specific requests are made to the LLM for improving sentences, often using established storytelling frameworks.

Final Thoughts:

The author emphasizes that while LLMs can generate text easily, the real challenge lies in crafting meaningful content. Good writing should provide value relative to its length, ensuring readers feel their time was well spent.

No summary available.

Anna's Archive is the largest open-source, non-profit search engine for shadow libraries like Sci-Hub and Library Genesis, aiming to make knowledge accessible and preserve books globally. The article explains how they operate their website amid legal challenges, as copyright laws vary by country.

The tech stack is simple, using Flask, MariaDB, and ElasticSearch, focusing on avoiding legal issues rather than innovating technology. While linking to copyrighted works can be illegal in many places, Anna's Archive believes copyright is generally harmful to society.

They manage hosting by using a mix of "freedom-loving" and "cheap" providers to reduce costs while avoiding takedowns. Cloudflare helps protect the site from legal requests, but they only use its free plan, which limits some features.

Operationally, they monitor server health, ensure redundancy, and face challenges in server communication and management tools. They use a range of tools like Docker, Gitlab, and Tor, which have varying degrees of reliability.

The experience of building the shadow library has been enlightening, and they seek donations and support to continue their work. They also welcome contributions from developers and volunteers.

The author enjoys helping younger generations learn useful skills and has taken on various roles such as a parent, robotics mentor, school board advisor, and Sunday school teacher. To teach software skills effectively, they created a tool called dk, which facilitates collaboration between experienced and inexperienced programmers.

The author tested dk with students who had some background in computer science. They aimed to solve several challenges:

1. The development environment needed to be easy to set up, and the programming language should not be complex.
2. Writing small, testable scripts was essential for junior programmers to develop larger applications.
3. The tool should work on inexpensive, limited hardware often found in schools.

dk is a standalone binary that allows users to write scripts similar to OCaml. It can cross-compile to create standalone executables and supports multiple operating systems. Although it has some bugs and limitations, the author believes it is a valuable tool for scripting and organizing software.

The author invites feedback on dk and acknowledges that improvements are ongoing. You can find more details and report issues on their GitHub page.

The FDA's inspection of the Sun Pharma factory in India in 2022 revealed serious contamination and quality issues, leading the agency to ban the factory from exporting drugs to the U.S. However, the FDA later allowed the factory to continue shipping over a dozen generic medications to the U.S., raising concerns about patient safety.

A ProPublica investigation found that the FDA has granted similar exemptions to over 20 foreign factories, mostly in India, that had been flagged for violations. These medications often came from facilities with unsafe conditions, such as contaminated drugs and falsified records. The FDA did not routinely test these medications for safety and kept the exemptions largely hidden from the public and Congress.

Despite numerous complaints about adverse effects from these exempted drugs, the FDA did not investigate these reports. Instead, the agency prioritized maintaining a supply of low-cost generics, even from problematic manufacturers. This practice has persisted for over a decade, allowing potentially dangerous medications to reach unsuspecting patients.

The FDA faced criticism for its lack of transparency and for prioritizing drug availability over rigorous safety standards. Current and former officials expressed concern about the risks associated with these exemptions, fearing that unsafe drugs could be circulating in the U.S. market.

The author expresses frustration with Firefox and its parent company, Mozilla, citing several issues. Key points include:

1. Privacy Concerns: Mozilla changed its privacy policies, weakening assurances about user data protection, which coincided with a shift in focus towards AI projects instead of improving Firefox.

2. Program Cuts: Mozilla is discontinuing useful programs like Pocket, which helps users save articles for later reading, and Fakespot, an AI tool for identifying fake reviews. Many loyal users are disappointed by these changes.

3. Technical Problems: Firefox is facing significant reliability issues, with users reporting slow performance, high memory usage, and problems loading popular websites. Longtime users feel that the browser has become less competitive compared to others like Chrome.

4. Employee Layoffs: Mozilla has been laying off staff, and the current CEO has low approval ratings among employees.

5. Revenue Dependence: Mozilla relies heavily on Google for its revenue, raising concerns about its future if Google faces legal challenges.

Overall, the author feels that Firefox is losing its relevance and could soon be out of business, as it captures a very small portion of the browser market.

Nanonets-OCR-s is an advanced Optical Character Recognition (OCR) model that converts documents into structured markdown. It excels in recognizing complex content and is particularly useful for processing by Large Language Models (LLMs). Key features include:

• LaTeX Equation Recognition: Converts math equations into LaTeX format.
• Intelligent Image Description: Describes images in documents using structured tags.
• Signature Detection: Isolates signatures in documents for legal processing.
• Watermark Extraction: Identifies and extracts watermark text.
• Smart Checkbox Handling: Standardizes checkbox formats.
• Complex Table Extraction: Accurately extracts and formats tables.

The model can be used with the transformers library or through a server setup using vLLM. It can process images to extract text, equations, and other content, formatting them appropriately in markdown or HTML.

For implementation, users can define a function to process images, generate outputs, and handle various document features effectively. The model is available for installation and use via GitHub and other platforms.

The site offers content in multiple languages, including English, Czech, German, Spanish, Persian, French, Hebrew, Indonesian, Italian, Polish, Portuguese, Brazilian Portuguese, Russian, Swedish, Turkish, Ukrainian, Vietnamese, and Simplified Chinese.

You can easily test Plasma by using live images booted from a USB disk. Alternatively, you can also use Docker images for a quick trial. You can download both live images and Docker images for Plasma.

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The author uses AI extensively for work, finding it helpful for coding tasks but also recognizing its limitations and misconceptions about its capabilities. Here are the key points summarized:

1. AI vs. Computers: AI is not a computer; it doesn’t function like one. It has limitations in memory and processing, similar to a human rather than a traditional computer.

2. Context Limitations: AI has a restricted amount of context it can use at one time. This means it may forget information if too much is packed in, making it less efficient for tasks that require comprehensive understanding.

3. Task Management: When asking AI to perform tasks, it's more effective to instruct it to write and run scripts instead of expecting it to process large amounts of data directly.

4. Memory and Learning: AI does not learn from interactions like humans do. It can only remember information if it's explicitly documented and reintroduced in future tasks.

5. Infinite Intern Analogy: The author suggests thinking of AI as an infinite pool of interns—smart, but needing clear instructions and supervision to be effective.

6. Reviewing AI-Generated Code: AI can write extensive documentation and tests, but it may produce misleading outputs. Reviewing its code requires special attention to its unique patterns of mistakes.

7. Emergent Behaviors: Many capabilities of AI are not directly programmed but emerge from the model's size and complexity, making them unpredictable.

8. Nondeterminism: AI can produce different outputs for the same prompt due to its design, which can be adjusted for consistency but may reduce adaptability.

9. Rapid Changes: The AI landscape is evolving quickly. While improvements are being made, they may not always lead to better outcomes.

10. Not a Silver Bullet: AI is a tool for leverage, not a simple solution. Users will need to adapt and learn to utilize it effectively to see productivity gains.

Overall, while AI can enhance productivity, it requires careful management and understanding of its limitations.

Apple's upcoming iOS 26 will introduce a Digital ID feature, allowing users to add their U.S. passport to the Wallet app. This feature will enable iPhone users to use their passport for domestic travel at select TSA checkpoints, making travel easier by eliminating the need to show a physical passport.

The Digital ID is Real ID compliant, but it cannot be used for international travel or border crossings. Users will still need a physical passport for those situations. Additionally, the Digital ID can be used for age and identity verification in various apps, stores, and websites.

Currently, support for digital IDs in Wallet is limited to a few U.S. states and territories, including Arizona, California, and Texas, among others.

iOS 26 will also enhance the Wallet app with new travel features, including improved boarding passes that offer real-time flight updates and links to Maps for airport information. Major airlines like American Airlines and Delta Air Lines will be the first to adopt these new boarding pass features.

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A new idea is being explored that suggests gravity could be explained as a result of increasing disorder, or entropy, rather than being a fundamental force. This concept, known as "entropic gravity," is gaining attention from physicists, even though it remains a minority view.

The theory proposes that gravity emerges from the random interactions of microscopic particles, similar to how heat works in everyday systems like engines and refrigerators. This idea has historical roots, dating back to Isaac Newton, who was troubled by how gravity worked. Einstein later described gravity as a distortion of space and time, but his theory has its own challenges, particularly regarding black holes.

Recent work by a team of theoretical physicists, led by Daniel Carney, has put forth models that show how gravitational attraction could arise from the behavior of particles, called qubits. In these models, massive objects influence the orientation of surrounding qubits, creating regions of order that appear to attract the masses to each other.

While these models provide a new perspective on gravity, they have limitations. There is no direct evidence for the qubits, and critics argue that the models do not fully capture the complexities of gravity, especially in strong gravitational fields like those around black holes. However, proponents believe that exploring these ideas may lead to new experimental opportunities and insights into the nature of gravity.

In summary, the notion that gravity might arise from the increase of disorder in the universe is being revisited, prompting both interest and skepticism among physicists.

The author has developed a Rust version of the Zstandard seekable format, which enhances how zstd compressed files are handled. Unlike regular zstd files that require full decompression from the start, the seekable format allows for independent frames to be decompressed, enabling users to access sections in the middle of a file without needing to decompress the entire archive.

The motivation for this project was to enable resuming downloads of large zstd files that are decompressed and saved to disk in real-time. Initially, the author tried using existing C function bindings but encountered issues, leading to a realization that the upstream implementation was outdated and limited.

Consequently, the author rewrote the seekable format from scratch in Rust, using a more advanced zstd compression API. The outcome is a library and command-line interface (CLI) that resembles the standard zstd tool. Feedback on this work is welcomed.

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In the mid-1990s, Netscape and Microsoft were in a fierce competition known as the browser wars. Netscape created the SSL protocol, but its initial version had serious flaws and was never released. The first usable version was SSL 2, which also had issues that needed fixing. In response to this, Microsoft modified SSL 2 and created a version called "PCT," which only worked with Internet Explorer and IIS.

To improve SSL 2 without letting Microsoft dominate the standard, Netscape developed SSL 3.0. However, industry leaders wanted to avoid a split in the protocol, so a meeting was held with representatives from both companies to agree on a solution. They decided to support the IETF to standardize the protocol through an open process.

This collaboration led to changes in SSL 3.0 and a name change to TLS 1.0 (originally SSL 3.1). In hindsight, the competition between Netscape and Microsoft seems unnecessary.

This document outlines a process for applications to acquire an access token for third-party APIs using identity assertions. It combines elements of Token Exchange and the JWT Profile for OAuth 2.0 Authorization Grants.

Key Points:

1. Purpose: The specification describes how to request a JWT authorization grant from one Authorization Server and exchange it for an Access Token from another server in a different trust domain, often found in enterprise settings.

2. Roles Defined:

   • Client: The application seeking an access token for a user to access an external API.
   • Resource Application: The application that provides the protected resource.
   • Authorization Server (IdP): The trusted identity provider that manages user authentication across the applications.

3. Usage Scenarios: The document suggests various use cases, such as enterprise applications and tools that require user authentication and authorization, illustrating how identity tokens can facilitate access to APIs.

4. Technical Details: It specifies processes for user authentication, token exchange, and security considerations, ensuring that implementations can work together efficiently.

5. Discussion and Updates: The document is a draft and will be updated or replaced over time. It includes links for further discussion and current status.

Overall, this specification aims to streamline how applications can securely access third-party services using user identity information.

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Text-to-LoRA (T2L): Instant Transformer Adaptation Summary

Text-to-LoRA (T2L) is a tool for adapting transformer models quickly. Here's how to use it:

Installation

1. Install uv: Follow the installation guide.
2. Clone the Repository:
   • Run: git clone https://github.com/SakanaAI/text-to-lora.git
   • Navigate to the folder: cd text-to-lora
3. Setup Environment:
   • Ensure uv is installed.
   • Run:

     uv self update
     uv venv --python 3.10 --seed
     uv sync
     

4. Install Dependencies: You may need to modify the installation wheel for compatibility with your hardware.

Demo

• Download Models: You need a GPU with more than 16GB memory.
• Use Hugging Face CLI to log in and download the necessary models:

  uv run huggingface-cli login
  uv run huggingface-cli download SakanaAI/text-to-lora --local-dir . --include "trained_t2l/*"
  

• Start Web UI:

  uv run python webui/app.py
  

• Generate LoRA from Command Line:

  uv run python scripts/generate_lora.py {T2l_DIRECTORY} {TASK_DESCRIPTION}
  

Training

• SFT Training: Use the watcher.py script to evaluate checkpoints automatically.
• Reconstruction Training: Train "oracle" adapters before training T2L to replicate these adapters.

Evaluation

Evaluate the generated LoRAs using provided scripts, and compare results from different models to see performance.

Known Issues

• There may be some variability in results due to non-determinism in the training process.

Conclusion

T2L is designed to efficiently adapt transformer models for specific tasks, leveraging both pre-trained and newly generated LoRAs to enhance performance across various benchmarks.

Summary:

Starting June 16, 2025, all new research papers published in Nature will include referees' reports and author responses, making the peer review process more transparent. This change aims to enhance understanding of how scientific papers are developed and to build trust in the scientific process.

Since 2020, authors could choose to share their peer-review files, but now this will be automatic for all published papers. Reviewers will remain anonymous unless they opt to be named. The goal is to provide insight into the discussions that improve the quality of research, benefiting both authors and early-career researchers.

Historically, peer review discussions have been kept confidential, limiting public knowledge of the scientific process. This new initiative seeks to change that, reflecting how science is a constantly evolving field, as seen during the COVID-19 pandemic when scientific discussions were shared widely.

Overall, making peer-review exchanges public is seen as an important step in recognizing the contributions of reviewers and enriching scientific communication.

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The Open Source Technology Improvement Fund announced the results of a security audit of Ruby on Rails, an open-source web framework. The audit, conducted by X41 D-Sec with support from GitLab and the Sovereign Tech Agency, took place from December 2024 to March 2025.

Key points include:

• Audit Findings: The audit identified 7 security issues: 1 high severity and 6 low severity. There were also 6 recommendations to improve security.
• Audit Process: The team created a threat model to assess potential vulnerabilities and performed manual code reviews.
• Community Support: The report highlights the progress Ruby on Rails has made in security, indicating active community involvement.
• Acknowledgments: Thanks were given to the Rails community, X41 D-Sec team members, GitLab, and the Sovereign Tech Agency.

For more details, the audit report and additional resources are available through provided links. The OSTIF is also celebrating its 10th anniversary with a meetup to discuss its work and the future of open-source security.

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Summary of Childhood Leukemia Treatment Progress

Before the 1970s, childhood leukemia was often fatal, with fewer than 10% of children surviving five years after diagnosis. However, advancements in treatment have drastically improved survival rates. Today, around 85% of children in wealthy countries survive at least five years after diagnosis.

Leukemia is the most common childhood cancer, primarily affecting blood and bone marrow. It occurs when immature white blood cells grow uncontrollably. The most common types in children are acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Survival rates for ALL have risen from 14% in the 1960s to 94% in the 2010s, while AML survival rates have increased from 14% to over 60%.

This progress is due to several factors:

1. Improved Treatment Methods: Researchers developed multi-phase chemotherapy regimens, combining different drugs to target leukemia cells effectively. Adjustments based on individual risk factors have also minimized side effects.
2. Collaboration in Research: Large clinical trials involving many children have led to better understanding and standardization of treatment protocols, enhancing survival rates.
3. Genetic Research: Discoveries of specific genetic mutations have led to targeted therapies, improving outcomes for some children.
4. Better Supportive Care: Advances in managing side effects from chemotherapy, such as infections and bleeding, have significantly improved care for children undergoing treatment.

Overall, the experience of childhood leukemia has transformed from a death sentence to a treatable condition, allowing most children to survive and lead healthy lives. However, access to these treatments is still limited in many parts of the world, highlighting the need for global improvements in healthcare accessibility.

Finland has launched the world's largest sand-based battery, located in Pornainen. This innovative energy storage system uses sand to store heat generated from electricity, primarily from renewable sources. It can hold 1,000 megawatt-hours of heat for weeks, enough to heat the town during winter, while losing only 10-15% of that heat in the process.

The battery aims to reduce the town's reliance on oil and wood chips for heating, potentially cutting wood consumption by 60%. It can also generate electricity, though at a lower efficiency. The project is part of a growing interest in thermal batteries, which are becoming more popular as renewable energy costs drop.

Finland's electricity is mainly from renewable and nuclear sources, making it clean and inexpensive. The cost of this sand battery is not disclosed, but it's expected to be much cheaper than traditional lithium-ion batteries, which cost around $115 per kilowatt-hour.

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In copyright lawsuits involving generative AI, both plaintiffs and defendants make strong claims about how much large language models (LLMs) have memorized copyrighted material. This article shows that these claims oversimplify the issue. By using a new technique, the authors extracted text from the Books3 dataset using 13 open-weight LLMs. Their experiments revealed that while some LLMs have memorized significant portions of certain books, the degree of memorization varies by model and book. For example, the Llama 3.1 70B model memorized nearly all of books like "Harry Potter" and "1984," while larger models generally did not memorize most books. The findings have important implications for copyright cases but do not clearly favor either side.

Darklang Goes Open Source

Darklang Inc. has open-sourced all its code repositories under the Apache License 2.0 as part of the company's transition from Dark Inc. This decision reflects a shift in their approach to sustainability and developer empowerment.

Initially, Darklang was a hosted-only platform, meaning users could only code on their website, which they believed was necessary for safe and easy deployment. However, they realized that the main barrier to adoption was not the licensing, but rather the maturity of the product. As they received positive feedback and improved the platform, the desire for openness grew.

The company is now focusing on local-first development, allowing users to run Darklang on their machines while still having deployment options. They also see new business opportunities in the developer tools market, where companies successfully charge for additional features while keeping the core platform accessible.

By going open source, Darklang aims to be more accessible and community-driven, aligning with their goal of democratizing programming. They believe this will help the platform continue to grow and adapt over time. However, they are still considering some technical challenges related to licensing within the ecosystem.

In this blog post, Doug Brown explains how to modify the EDID (Extended Display Identification Data) of an HDMI dummy plug using a Raspberry Pi. He needed to change the dummy plug's EDID from pretending to be a 4K monitor to a simpler 1080p device.

Key Points:

1. What is an HDMI Dummy Plug?

   • It's a small device that tricks a computer into thinking a monitor is connected by simulating the necessary electrical signals. It typically contains a simple EEPROM that holds the EDID.

2. Goal:

   • Doug aimed to replace the dummy plug's EDID with one from a 1080p HDMI capture device so that his computer would recognize it as a 1080p monitor.

3. Using Raspberry Pi:

   • He used a Raspberry Pi Zero to access the I2C controller connected to the HDMI port, which allowed him to read and write to the dummy plug's EEPROM.
   • He enabled I2C and installed necessary tools on the Raspberry Pi.

4. Process:

   • Doug read the original EDID from the dummy plug, backed it up, then read the EDID from his capture device.
   • He wrote the capture device's EDID to the dummy plug and confirmed the write was successful.

5. Safety Warning:

   • He warned that incorrect modifications could damage real monitors, so it's best to use a dummy plug for such experiments.

6. Outcome:

   • After the modifications, the dummy plug successfully made the computer think it was a 1080p capture device instead of a 4K monitor.

Doug shared this procedure to help others who might want to modify their dummy plugs for similar purposes.

Summary of Painting Tools and Dataset

This repository provides tools and data for analyzing paintings using hyperspectral imaging, which is useful for art history and computer graphics. The data includes:

• Hyperspectral scans of nine paintings and ten historical oil paint pigments.
• Various stages of Vermeer’s painting "The Milkmaid."

Key elements of the dataset:

• Raw and processed hyperspectral scan files.
• Code for processing these scans and unmixing paint colors.
• An example Jupyter Notebook for practical applications.

The research was conducted by the CGV group at TU Delft, led by Ruben Wiersma, with contributions from other artists and researchers. The dataset aims to promote open access to data in technical art history and is shared under a CC-BY-NC-SA license for non-commercial use.

How to Use the Data

To use the dataset, follow these steps:

1. Install the painting_tools Python package.
2. Load the provided Jupyter Notebooks for calibration, data processing, and pigment analysis.

Use Cases

Researchers can use this dataset for:

• Developing stitching algorithms for hyperspectral data.
• Identifying pigments in historical paintings.
• Exploring high-dimensional data visualization techniques.

Important Notes

• Data was collected for a TV show and is shared for broader research use.
• Some limitations exist, such as data captured through glass and potential contamination from drying processes.

If you find this data useful, please cite the repository and acknowledge the contributing artists.

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Summary of Tiny-Diffusion

Tiny-Diffusion is a simple PyTorch tool for using probabilistic diffusion models on 2D datasets. You can start by running python ddpm.py -h to see training options.

Key Processes:

• Forward Process: This shows how the diffusion process applies to a dataset of 1,000 2D points, represented visually by a dinosaur.
• Reverse Process: This illustrates how the model recovers the original data distribution.

Experiments:

• Multiple tests were conducted on hyperparameters like learning rate and model size, with results visualized through generated 2D points.
• Learning Rate: The model's performance greatly depends on the learning rate; adjusting it fixed initial poor outputs.
• Dataset: The model struggles with basic line datasets, resulting in blurry corners.
• Number of Timesteps: More timesteps lead to better outputs; fewer timesteps result in incomplete shapes.
• Variance Schedule: A quadratic schedule isn't effective; alternatives like cosine or sigmoid should be tried.
• Hidden Size and Layers: Changes in model capacity (size and number of layers) didn't significantly affect results.
• Positional Embeddings: The model benefits from timestep information, but the encoding method isn’t crucial. Sinusoidal embeddings for inputs help with learning functions in lower dimensions.

References: The implementation uses the Dino dataset from the Datasaurus Dozen and builds on other diffusion model libraries and research.

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The article discusses a framework called ChemBench designed to assess the chemical knowledge and reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs) compared to human chemists. Researchers created over 2,700 question-answer pairs to evaluate various LLMs. The findings showed that top models generally outperformed skilled human chemists, but they still struggled with basic tasks and often made overconfident predictions.

This highlights the impressive capabilities of LLMs in chemistry while underscoring the need for further research to enhance their safety and effectiveness. The authors suggest that chemistry education may need to adapt in response to these advancements and emphasize the importance of benchmarking frameworks in evaluating LLMs specifically in chemistry and related fields.

A new flexible electrode array has been developed that can be safely implanted in frog or mouse embryos. This technology allows researchers to monitor brain development without causing harm to the embryos. The advancement provides valuable insights into brain function during early growth stages.

In the world of Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD), keeping track of pipeline performance is essential. GitHub Actions is widely used for automation, but debugging issues can be tough without clear insights. OpenTelemetry (OTel) is an open-source framework that helps collect data about these pipelines, including traces, metrics, and logs.

Key Benefits of Using OpenTelemetry with GitHub Actions:

1. End-to-End Visibility: Trace the entire workflow lifecycle from start to finish.
2. Performance Optimization: Identify slow steps or bottlenecks in the pipeline.
3. Error Detection: Quickly find where a workflow failed, simplifying debugging.
4. Dependency Analysis: Understand how different jobs interact in complex workflows.

Traditionally, monitoring has been done using various separate tools. OTel provides a unified approach to capture both metrics and traces in one system.

Setting Up OpenTelemetry for GitHub Actions:

1. GitHub Configuration: Set up a webhook in your GitHub repository to send workflow events to the OTel Collector.
2. Install OTel Collector: Use the otelcol-contrib distribution to benefit from the GitHub receiver.
3. Configure Receivers: Add configurations for tracing and metrics to the Collector, including setting up the GitHub receiver.
4. Add Authentication: Ensure your Collector can authenticate with GitHub using a Personal Access Token.
5. Run the Collector: Launch the OTel Collector with your configurations.
6. Send Data to a Backend: Configure the Collector to send collected data to an observability platform like SigNoz.
7. Verify Incoming Data: Check logs and metrics in your chosen platform after triggering a workflow run.

By using OpenTelemetry, you can improve the visibility and performance of your CI/CD pipelines, making it easier to manage and troubleshoot them effectively.

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Summary: Start Your Own Internet Resiliency Club

Due to ongoing conflicts, climate change, and geopolitical issues, Europe is likely to face more frequent internet disruptions. Governments and companies are often slow to adapt, so small groups of volunteers can play a vital role in restoring communication.

An Internet Resiliency Club is a team of internet experts who use low-cost, low-power LoRa radios and Meshtastic software to communicate without traditional infrastructure. This guide helps you form your own club, with tips on hardware and setup.

Valerie Aurora, the author, emphasizes the need for these clubs after witnessing how Ukraine managed internet infrastructure during war. She notes that the Dutch government lacks proper emergency communication plans.

To start an Internet Resiliency Club:

1. Gather a group of tech-savvy individuals within 10 km.
2. Choose a communication method (like Signal or email).
3. Purchase LoRa radios and power banks for group members.
4. Install Meshtastic on the radios and select a communication channel.
5. Organize meetups and practice using the equipment.

LoRa radios are inexpensive, low-power, and do not require licenses. They can send messages several kilometers over low bandwidth. For emergencies, these clubs can help maintain connectivity when traditional methods fail.

If you're interested in joining the discussion or have questions, you can join the mailing list here.

Richard Foreman was a groundbreaking theater artist who passed away at 87. Over his career, he created over fifty innovative productions that challenged traditional storytelling in theater. Instead of following a conventional script, Foreman worked with raw, evolving texts, assigning lines during rehearsals and continuously modifying sets and props. His style evolved from surrealism to a more chaotic and dark aesthetic, often blending elements of philosophy and visual art.

Foreman believed that theater should not mimic real life but instead offer a fresh perspective on existence. He emphasized the importance of the present moment and sought to engage audiences in a way that made them question their perceptions. His plays often included absurd or self-referential dialogue, focusing on characters who searched for answers but rarely found them.

Growing up in Scarsdale, New York, Foreman was influenced by the vibrant art scene in downtown Manhattan. He rejected traditional realism and aimed to create an avant-garde theater that pushed boundaries. His rehearsals were intense and detailed, focusing on physical actions and subtle gestures, transforming actors into instruments for his vision.

Despite his unique style, Foreman’s work was not always embraced by audiences, with many leaving during performances. Nevertheless, he continued to innovate, believing in the importance of remaining relevant and alive in the moment. In his later years, he made his raw texts available online, inviting others to use his material freely, ensuring that his artistic legacy would continue to resonate. Foreman's work emphasized the continuous search for meaning in life, capturing the complexity of existence.

The text discusses humorous elements in the public Android API, highlighting methods and constants that are more amusing than practical. Here are the key points:

1. ActivityManager.isUserAMonkey(): This method checks if the UI is being tested by the UI Exerciser Monkey, a tool for stress-testing apps. It was added after a funny incident during Android’s development.

2. UserManager.isUserAGoat(): Initially a joke, this method checks if the user is a "goat" and was modified to detect the Goat Simulator app. Due to privacy concerns, it now always returns false in Android 11 and later.

3. UserManager.DISALLOW_FUN: A policy that restricts users from having fun on their devices. It can disable fun features or easter eggs, like the Android version easter egg.

4. Chronometer.isTheFinalCountdown(): This method opens a YouTube video of "The Final Countdown" by Europe when called.

5. PackageManager.FEATURE_TOUCHSCREEN_MULTITOUCH_JAZZHAND: Describes a device’s ability to track five simultaneous touches, humorously named after jazz hands.

6. Log.wtf(): A logging method intended for serious errors, humorously standing for "What a Terrible Failure."

7. AdapterViewFlipper.fyiWillBeAdvancedByHostKThx(): An informal method name that reflects a developer’s struggle with naming conventions.

8. IBinder.TWEET_TRANSACTION and LIKE_TRANSACTION: These do not perform their suggested actions but reference actions like sending tweets and liking apps in a humorous way.

9. SensorManager.SENSOR_TRICORDER: A nod to the fictional Star Trek device, added in the first Android version.

10. GRAVITY_ constants*: Include humorous references like the gravity of fictional places (e.g., Death Star from Star Wars).

11. The hidden <blink> tag: An undocumented feature that makes elements blink, referencing a style popular in the early days of the internet.

Overall, the text illustrates how the Android API includes fun and quirky elements that add character to the development experience.

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Summary of "Datalog in Rust"

Kris Micinski hosted a workshop on logic programming at Minnowbrook Conference Center, where attendees shared interests in Datalog and other logic programming languages. While the event was enjoyable, it faced challenges typical in academia, such as smart individuals working on complex issues that may not relate directly to practical outcomes.

One standout presentation was by Denis Bueno on ctdal, which focuses on program analysis using Datalog. The author, intrigued by these challenges, decided to create an interactive Datalog tool in Rust that is simple, usable, and efficient. The project will build an interactive Datalog environment where users can input facts and rules and see results quickly.

The author plans to start from scratch rather than using previous projects like datafrog, aiming for a better user experience. The first steps will include explaining Datalog's concepts, such as parsing rules and maintaining facts, and progressively adding more advanced features. Future plans include optimizing performance and possibly adding disk storage and multi-worker capabilities.

Datalog allows users to define logical rules to infer new facts, with a clear structure of heads and bodies in its rules. The project aims to create an interactive shell where users can input rules, see outputs, and manage facts efficiently. The author encourages readers to engage with the project and explore the logic programming landscape.

The text provides a brief outline of a website's main navigation, which includes sections like Home, About, and Appearance.

A new high-voltage circuit breaker has been developed by Georgia Tech that uses supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) to manage power grid faults. This innovative technology can clear electrical faults without releasing greenhouse gases, making it a more environmentally friendly option for maintaining electrical systems.