Here's a simplified summary of the text:

Overview of Rust for GPU Programming

• A demo has been created that allows a single Rust codebase to run on various GPU platforms, including NVIDIA (CUDA), AMD, Intel, Apple (Metal), Windows (DirectX 12), and web browsers (WebGPU), as well as on CPUs without GPUs.
• This approach eliminates the need for specialized GPU programming languages, using only standard Rust.

Key Projects

1. Rust GPU: Compiles Rust code to SPIR-V for Vulkan.
2. Rust CUDA: Compiles Rust code to NVVM IR for NVIDIA GPUs.
3. Naga: Translates between different GPU languages for better portability.

Demo Highlights

• The demo implements a bitonic sort algorithm that runs on both CPU and GPU using the same code.
• It uses a modular approach where developers can choose the backend (e.g., CUDA, Vulkan) using Rust feature flags.

Development Process

• Kernel compilation is embedded into the main Rust binary during the build process.
• The project supports testing GPU code on CPUs, allowing for easier debugging and validation.

Rust's Unique Features for GPU Programming

• no_std Support: Allows code to run without the standard library, fitting environments like GPUs.
• Conditional Compilation: Helps manage platform-specific code within a single codebase.
• Type Safety: Rust’s type system uses newtypes and enums to prevent errors.
• Traits and Generics: Enable reusable and efficient code for different data types.

Challenges and Future Work

• The current developer experience can be complex, as the GPU backends aren’t fully integrated into Rust’s main compiler.
• Debugging and API inconsistencies between Rust GPU and Rust CUDA need improvement.
• There's a call for more contributors to enhance the tools and performance optimizations in the Rust GPU ecosystem.

Get Involved

• Interested developers can follow the progress or contribute to the projects on GitHub.

The article discusses the CSS property font-size-adjust, which helps make fonts more comparable in size. Here's a simplified summary:

1. What is font-size-adjust? - It's a CSS property that adjusts the size of fonts based on the height of the letter "x" to make them look consistent, regardless of the font used.

2. Common Misunderstanding - Many people, including major resources like Google and MDN, misunderstand its usefulness. They typically view it as important only for font fallback situations (when one font is replaced by another).

3. Author’s Perspective - The author believes that while fallback is a consideration, the real value of font-size-adjust is in maintaining consistency when using multiple fonts on a webpage. Different fonts can have different intrinsic sizes, leading to visual inconsistency.

4. Recommendation - The author suggests using font-size-adjust: ex-height 0.53; in your CSS reset to ensure a more uniform appearance across different fonts. The value 0.53 is based on the Helvetica font, but similar values should also work.

In essence, font-size-adjust is a tool for web developers to create a more visually appealing and consistent typography on their sites.

The article discusses how the author revived a 10-year-old bike navigation device, the Navman Bike 1000, using open-source software. Initially bought for €10 at a thrift store, the device had outdated maps due to planned obsolescence, with no official updates available since 2015.

Through reverse engineering, the author discovered that the device runs on Windows CE 6.0 and managed to use Total Commander and NAVeGIS, an open-source navigation app, to update the maps using data from OpenStreetMap. This allowed the device to function well with current maps.

The author also mentions that such devices often become obsolete quickly, as manufacturers prioritize selling new models rather than supporting older ones. The article highlights the issue of e-waste and advocates for open-source solutions to extend the life of electronics.

In summary, thanks to innovative use of open-source tools, the author transformed an outdated device into a fully functional navigation tool, challenging the idea of planned obsolescence.

Sledgehammer Bindgen Summary

• What It Is: Sledgehammer Bindgen is a tool for creating fast Rust bindings for JavaScript code, focusing on web frameworks that need quick access to the DOM.

• Comparison to wasm-bindgen: While wasm-bindgen is more versatile and can handle various data types, Sledgehammer is optimized for speed in specific scenarios. Most users will find wasm-bindgen more suitable for general use.

• Performance:

  • String Decoding: Sledgehammer speeds up string handling by decoding strings in batches instead of individually, reducing overhead.
  • String Caching: It can cache strings in JavaScript to avoid repeated decoding, which improves efficiency.
  • Byte Encoded Operations: Operations are packed as bytes into an array, making them quicker to process. Sledgehammer reads and processes these efficiently, minimizing the cost of accessing data.

For more details, you can refer to the documentation and examples provided with Sledgehammer Bindgen.

On July 22, 2025, I attended Open Sauce, a creative event in the Bay Area that showcases various exhibits, from vintage electronics to quirky inventions. This was my second year attending with my dad, a retired radio engineer. The event featured many YouTube makers, including CuriousMarc, who was restoring vintage equipment and engaging with fans.

I recorded several vlogs about the event, highlighting unique exhibits like a walking coffee table and engaging discussions with other creators and attendees. I participated in a panel about reverse engineering on a new platform called Sauce+, which aims to support creators in the maker community.

One surprising encounter was with NASA astronaut Matthew Dominick, who shared his interest in building a homelab for managing his extensive photo collection from the International Space Station. He advocates for sharing RAW photo files to allow for more data extraction.

Overall, Open Sauce provided a glimpse into innovative technology and the community of makers. I look forward to next year's event and hope it maintains its exciting spirit.

CCTV footage from Myanmar captured the first-ever video of an earthquake fault in motion during a magnitude 7.7 earthquake on March 28, 2025. The video shows the Sagaing Fault cracking and sliding, revealing a curved fault slip, which is significant for understanding seismic activity.

Geophysicist Jesse Kearse analyzed the footage and noted that the fault moved about 8.2 feet in 1.3 seconds, with a peak speed of 10.5 feet per second. This movement was described as "pulse-like," resembling a ripple effect. The curvature of the slip path indicates that stress levels on the fault's surface can cause deviations from a straight path before correcting themselves.

This groundbreaking observation can help scientists predict future earthquakes and improve infrastructure to enhance safety. The research highlights the value of video recordings in studying seismic events and could lead to better understanding of earthquake dynamics. Kearse and his team plan to further investigate the factors influencing fault behavior.

The text discusses the Hanseatic League, a coalition of medieval German merchants who formed a significant trade network in Northern Europe. Here are the key points simplified:

1. Origins of the Hansa: The Hansa began as groups of traveling merchants seeking safety in numbers against pirates and bandits. They collectively negotiated trade rights and established a long-distance trade network spanning from London to Russia.

2. Trade and Commerce: During the Dark Ages, European trade was minimal due to a decline in agriculture and population. However, starting in the 800s, improved farming techniques and climate conditions led to a population increase and a resurgence in trade. This allowed for the development of towns and marketplaces.

3. Shipping Innovations: The introduction of new ship designs, like the knarr and later the cog, improved shipping capacity and efficiency. Merchants learned to navigate better, which helped facilitate trade.

4. Hansa's Growth: By the 1300s, the Hansa had become a powerful economic force, negotiating privileges with rulers and securing lower taxes. They worked collectively to protect their interests and manage trade disputes.

5. Challenges and Decline: Despite their successes, the Hansa faced internal divisions and external competition, particularly from the Dutch, which weakened their monopoly. Over time, new trade routes and the rise of other trading cities contributed to their decline.

6. Legacy: Although the Hansa eventually faded, its impact on trade practices, shipping, and legal systems in Europe persisted. The story of the Hansa illustrates the strength and fragility of coalitions, highlighting that their effectiveness depends on shared interests.

To contact me, you can email me at [email protected]. You can also find me on Twitter, Bluesky, and LinkedIn.

No summary available.

The fourth edition of The Book of PF is now available for preorder. This new edition is designed to align with modern Internet practices and focuses on OpenBSD 7.8 and FreeBSD 14-STABLE. While the structure and chapter titles remain familiar to previous readers, the content has been updated to reflect current realities.

The author, Peter Hansteen, explains that after the third edition published in 2014, there were no significant changes in OpenBSD PF that warranted a new edition. Over the years, he gathered input from co-presenters and attendees during workshops, which led to incremental updates in the material. Interest in a new edition surged post-COVID-19, prompting Hansteen to assess the need for updates.

The fourth edition includes more emphasis on FreeBSD and incorporates feedback from technical reviewers. It aims to provide relevant information for users working with modern TCP/IP networks. The book is expected to be available in the second half of 2025, with a tutorial planned for EuroBSDcon 2025 in Zagreb.

In summary, the fourth edition updates the content for relevance in today's networking environment, while maintaining a familiar structure for readers of earlier editions.

Summary:

On July 21, 2025, Instapaper announced a new integration with Rakuten Kobo eReaders, allowing users to save and read web articles directly on their devices. This new feature will replace the previous integration with Pocket, which has been discontinued. Instapaper aims to launch this integration by the end of summer. Former Pocket users can easily import their saved articles to Instapaper in just two clicks. The Instapaper team is excited about this partnership and encourages users to reach out with any questions or concerns.

Summary of the Append-and-Review Note Method

The "append-and-review note" is a simple and effective note-taking strategy I’ve used for years. Here are the key points:

1. Single Note Structure: I keep all my notes in one text document in the Apple Notes app, named "notes". This avoids the complexity of multiple notes and folders. Searching is easy with CTRL+F.

2. Appending Ideas: Whenever I have a new thought or task, I quickly add it to the top of this note, whether on my computer or phone. I generally don’t use tags, but I do use a few specific ones like "watch:", "listen:", or "read:" for easy searching later.

3. Reviewing Notes: Over time, new entries push older ones down. I periodically scroll through my notes to find anything worth keeping at the top. I may merge or delete notes but mostly let them settle naturally. Notes that aren’t relevant sink down and are less of a priority.

4. Examples of Usage: I jot down random ideas, movie suggestions, to-do lists, quotes, commands, and thoughts for later processing. This helps clear my mind, allowing me to focus on current tasks while knowing I can revisit my notes later.

5. Growing Collection: My single note has become quite large, allowing me to reflect on past thoughts and ideas. Some ideas may lose relevance, while others can gain new significance over time.

This method helps me capture and manage thoughts efficiently without overwhelming my mind.

No summary available.

The article discusses the importance of keeping Pydantic, a data validation library, out of the domain layer of software applications, especially when using clean or onion architecture. While Pydantic is convenient for data validation and object creation, its pervasive use throughout an application can lead to tight coupling, making maintenance and testing harder as the application grows.

Key points include:

1. Separation of Concerns: As applications become complex, it's crucial to separate business logic (domain layer) from application logic (infrastructure and presentation layers). This helps improve maintainability.

2. Using Dacite: Dacite is introduced as a tool to convert Pydantic models into plain Python objects. It simplifies the initialization of nested objects, reducing manual work.

3. Manual Conversion: While Dacite is helpful, developers can also manually convert Pydantic models to plain objects, especially if the object structures are simple.

4. Structured Approach: The article emphasizes a structured approach using repositories and mappers to handle data translation between storage formats and domain entities. This keeps the domain layer clean and focused on core logic.

5. Repository Pattern: The repository pattern is described, highlighting its role in managing data retrieval and storage, thereby keeping business logic separate from data handling.

6. Pydantic's Role: The author concludes that Pydantic should be used primarily in the outer layers of an application, such as for input validation in APIs, and not in the core domain logic to maintain purity and independence.

Overall, the message is to utilize Pydantic wisely, ensuring that the core domain remains clean and maintainable.

In the article "Do not download the app, use the website" by Ibrahim Diallo, the author argues against the common push to download mobile apps. He notes that in the 2010s, there was a strong focus on mobile apps, but many were underwhelming compared to their website versions. In 2025, the pressure to download apps continues, often using manipulative tactics.

The main reason companies want users to switch to apps is to gain access to more personal data. Apps can collect information like contacts, location, microphone usage, and details about other installed apps, which is harder for websites to do. This deeper integration allows companies to build detailed profiles of users.

Diallo cautions that while apps may seem convenient, they often come with privacy costs. Once personal data is shared, it’s hard to retrieve, even with regulations like GDPR. He concludes that using a website instead of an app can protect your privacy and provide sufficient functionality.

The SparkFun DE9 Male Breakout (BOB-29195) is a small board that makes it easy to connect to all nine DE9 pins. It has a convenient 0.1-inch spacing for connections.

Summary:

The author advises against creating your own date parsing library and shares their experience with date libraries over the years. Initially, they chose Luxon for Eleventy, which worked well but has grown large as Eleventy expands to more environments.

While searching for alternatives, they compared several libraries based on disk and bundle sizes. Day.js seemed promising but proved inaccurate. They noted that date parsing can be complicated due to format ambiguities, and they plan to tighten Eleventy's date parsing rules.

The author introduced a new library called @11ty/parse-date-strings, which aligns with the RFC 9557 standard and focuses solely on parsing. This new library is significantly smaller than Luxon and will reduce the overall bundle size for Eleventy. They also mention other date libraries worth considering as alternatives.

Tailwind Plus has introduced a new feature that allows users to utilize interactive UI blocks like dropdowns, dialogs, and command palettes without needing to write JavaScript. This is made possible through a new library called @tailwindplus/elements, which provides custom HTML elements that work across different projects without being tied to a specific JavaScript framework.

Key points:

• No JavaScript Needed: Users can now easily implement UI components without writing complex JavaScript code.
• Custom Elements: The library includes various custom HTML elements (like <el-dropdown> and <el-select>) that manage interactions, accessibility, and styling.
• Wide Compatibility: These elements can be used in any environment where HTML is supported, making them versatile for different frameworks (like Svelte, Rails, or React).
• Modern Features: The library leverages modern web capabilities, providing light and efficient components that are easy to implement.
• Documentation Available: Tailwind Plus customers can access new documentation to learn how to use these elements and see examples.

Overall, this update simplifies the process of creating interactive UIs and enhances the usability of Tailwind Plus for all developers.

MIT switched from using Scheme to Python for their introductory programming course, 6.001, due to changes in programming practices over the decades. In 1980, programming focused on understanding simple components and creating straightforward code. However, by the mid-90s and 2000s, programming involved dealing with complex libraries and understanding software created by others, requiring a different approach to learning.

The updated 6.001 course emphasized robotics, where students program robots that behave unpredictably, unlike the straightforward functions of resistors. This shift highlights the need for robustness in programming. Python was chosen mainly because it had existing libraries for robotics, making it easier to implement in the course.

The text discusses the challenges startup founders face as their companies grow, particularly in relation to changing customer needs.

1. Crossing the Chasm: Startups must adapt their marketing and product strategies as they gain customers. Early adopters often focus on the product's strengths (strong-link problems), while later adopters prioritize minimizing risks (weak-link problems).

2. Upside vs. Downside: Early-stage startups thrive by offering unique benefits, but as they mature, they need to address reliability, security, and performance issues—essentially focusing on the downsides.

3. Challenges in Transition: Many startups struggle to make this transition, leading to revenue stalls and increased customer churn. Founders from larger companies may find it challenging to adapt to this exploratory phase of startups.

4. Balancing Needs: Mature companies must balance maintaining current products with exploring new opportunities. A framework suggested is the McKinsey horizons model, which allocates resources to core products, emerging bets, and new speculative projects.

5. AI Products: Many AI products currently excel in the "upside" phase but struggle with reliability and trustworthiness necessary for wider adoption. Successful products manage to deliver consistent results.

6. Ongoing Assessment: Founders should regularly assess whether their customers care more about the product's benefits or drawbacks and adjust their focus accordingly.

Efficient Computer, a new startup, has introduced the Electron E1 CPU, claiming it offers up to 100 times better energy efficiency than ARM's best embedded processors. This innovative chip breaks from traditional CPU designs, which typically rely on moving data back and forth, consuming a lot of energy. Instead, the Electron E1 uses a unique architecture called "Fabric," which focuses on static scheduling and allows data to flow directly between compute units, reducing energy waste.

The Electron E1 features a custom Instruction Set Architecture and a specialized compiler that transforms standard programming languages like C++ and Rust into a spatial data flow model. This model allows for efficient execution of operations without the overhead associated with conventional CPU designs.

The startup is targeting power-constrained applications in embedded markets, such as wearables and robotics, where energy efficiency is crucial. While the company has shown working silicon and plans to release developer kits, independent performance validation is still needed to confirm their efficiency claims.

Efficient Computer aims to expand its product line in the future, focusing on markets that require reliable, long-lasting compute solutions. The success of the Electron E1 could represent a significant shift in CPU design, moving away from traditional methods to a more efficient approach tailored for modern energy demands.

The text discusses the growing concern about ownership in the digital age, particularly regarding cloud services. It highlights a recent change by Amazon that prevents Kindle users from downloading their purchased books, raising questions about true ownership since users essentially rent digital content from companies like Amazon.

The author shares his experience of building a home server to regain control over his digital resources, using open-source alternatives to popular cloud services. While self-hosting can provide independence and privacy, the author acknowledges its impracticality for most people due to the technical skills required and the challenges of sharing resources.

The text argues that the focus should shift from individual self-hosting to community-hosted solutions. The author envisions a future where publicly funded, accessible cloud services are available to everyone, emphasizing that true freedom comes from collective solutions rather than individual isolation.

In summary, while self-hosting can be empowering, a more collaborative approach to digital infrastructure is necessary for a fair and efficient internet.

No summary available.

Tattoo now supports animated cursors, using the same format as Ghostty. However, it renders cursors differently—Tattoo uses text-based "pixels" (▀ and ▄) instead of actual pixels, which can affect the detail of the cursors.

Implementing Ghostty shaders in Tattoo was quick but refining it took longer, particularly in handling transparency around cursor trails. Since Tattoo is text-based, it can't sample actual terminal pixels, but it creates a pixelized version of the terminal to improve rendering. A post-processing step was added to ensure the final cursor displayed is accurate.

Overall, the feature works well, though larger terminals may experience some lag. Further performance improvements are planned, and the author suggests that letting Tattoo fully control cursor rendering might reduce latency. Feedback on the feature is welcomed.

This text reflects on the author's journey with technology and programming from an early age. Key points include:

• The author enjoyed exploring machines as a child, taking apart toys and learning about their insides.
• In school, they learned programming languages like MS-DOS, Logo, and BASIC, and began creating simple programs.
• At age 10, they got their own PC, discovered the internet, and started building websites with HTML and CSS, even making money by doing homework for others.
• They became interested in multiplayer gaming mods, which led to learning the PAWN scripting language and creating a virtual world in Second Life.
• The author wanted to create meaningful projects beyond virtual worlds and started a small business to fund personal goals.
• They studied Engineering in Innovation at university, where they learned about various subjects, including computer security and philosophy.
• After graduation, they joined a startup, where they learned the importance of sales and marketing, kickstarting their professional career.
• The author emphasizes the value of small teams and the collaborative nature of creating great products.
• They experienced burnout, took time off to recharge, and rediscovered their passion for programming.
• The author finds programming a way to explore and satisfy curiosity, with numerous areas to delve into, while also struggling to stay focused on one project at a time.

Overall, programming is depicted as a lifelong passion and a means of engaging with the world.

No summary available.

The X-Forwarded-For (XFF) HTTP header is used to track the original IP addresses of clients making web requests, especially when those requests pass through multiple servers or proxies. This allows receiving servers to understand where requests actually originated instead of only seeing the last proxy's IP address.

Key Points:

• Purpose: X-Forwarded-For helps identify the true source of requests, useful for security, load balancing, and user authentication.

• Structure: The header contains a list of IP addresses, showing the path taken by the request. For example, X-Forwarded-For: 28.178.124.142, 198.40.10.101 indicates the original client IP and the last proxy.

• Security Considerations:

  • X-Forwarded-For can be faked, so it should not be fully trusted.
  • It’s important to sanitize this data to prevent vulnerabilities like code injection or DDoS attacks.

• Handling Multiple Proxies: When a request passes through several proxies, the backend server should be configured to recognize trusted proxies to accurately determine the client's IP.

• Alternatives: The Forwarded header is a newer standard that combines various headers into one and may reduce confusion compared to X-Forwarded-For.

Use Cases:

• User Authentication: Verify login attempts based on location.
• Load Balancing: Distribute traffic evenly among servers.
• Geolocation: Serve content based on user location.
• Security: Verify request legitimacy and prevent fraud.

In summary, while X-Forwarded-For provides valuable information about request origins, it must be used with caution and proper validation to ensure security.

On July 23, 2025, Itch.io started removing adult games from its search results, a move attributed to pressure from a conservative group called Collective Shout. This group has been targeting payment processors to force platforms like Itch.io and Steam to deindex games labeled as NSFW (not safe for work), regardless of their content. This issue gained attention after Steam removed several adult titles due to alleged violations of payment processors' rules.

Critics, including game developers, argue that this action leads to censorship, as it affects a variety of games that explore sensitive topics, including those related to mental health and LGBTQ+ issues. They claim that the indiscriminate removal of games harms creators, especially those from marginalized groups.

Collective Shout defends its actions by stating that it aims to combat the objectification of women and has called out specific games for containing themes of sexual violence. However, many affected developers argue that this broad censorship harms their ability to earn a living and stifles artistic expression.

Itch.io's founder stated that the platform must comply with payment processors to continue operating, and a review of its content is underway. The situation highlights the tension between financial power and creative freedom in the gaming industry, raising concerns about who decides what content is acceptable.

The UK has introduced new age verification rules for online platforms to protect children from accessing harmful content. However, these rules can easily be bypassed using a VPN, which masks a user's IP address and makes them appear to be outside the UK. Many social media and adult sites, like Reddit and Pornhub, require users to verify their age, but the methods are not foolproof. Users can either upload ID or use selfies to verify their age, but these could potentially be tricked by using images of older individuals. Reports suggest that many young users are quickly learning how to use VPNs to circumvent these age checks. The loophole has led to a noticeable increase in searches for VPNs in the UK.

Summary of "Developing Our Position on AI" by Nick Bergson-Shilcock

RC is a unique retreat for programmers that combines a learning environment with a recruiting agency. It focuses on helping programmers explore their interests without traditional teaching methods. The emergence of AI, particularly large language models (LLMs), raises important questions for RC, such as how these tools affect programming and learning.

RC aims to understand the personal and professional impacts of AI on its community. The organization has created an informal advisory group of alumni to gather diverse opinions on AI. They found significant differences in how programmers perceive the usefulness of LLMs, influenced by their experience with the technology and the type of programming they do.

Many alumni see both benefits and challenges of using AI in learning. Some suggest switching off AI when trying to deeply understand concepts, while others view it as a valuable learning tool. There's a consensus that understanding and critical engagement with programming is crucial, regardless of AI usage.

RC emphasizes three guiding principles for using AI:

1. Work at the edge of your abilities - Use AI to expand your skills but remain engaged in the learning process.
2. Build your volitional muscles - Make independent decisions and set personal goals rather than relying solely on AI.
3. Learn generously - Share experiences and perspectives about AI openly within the community.

In conclusion, whether embracing or avoiding AI, RC encourages programmers to actively build their understanding and support each other in the learning journey.

Summary: Programming Vehicles in Games

This talk, presented at the Better Software Conference on July 13, 2025, focuses on the essential principles for creating functional vehicles in video games, particularly cars. Key points include:

1. Understanding Vehicle Experience: Games are designed to create experiences rather than strictly simulate physics. While racing games can range from the fantastical (like Mario Kart) to hyper-realistic (like iRacing), the goal is to convey a specific driving experience rather than perfect realism.

2. Key Components of Vehicle Simulation:

   • Engine and Gearbox: The engine converts player input (like throttle) into rotational speed and torque, affecting how the vehicle moves.
   • Wheels and Tires: They play a critical role in generating forces based on inputs such as braking and steering, and they interact with the road, impacting the vehicle's dynamics.
   • Chassis: The chassis is the main body that responds to forces from the tires and affects their grip and handling.

3. Feedback Loops: Each component (engine, tires, chassis) influences the others, creating a complex system. However, no game simulates this complexity perfectly; developers often simplify or abstract processes to make them practical for gameplay.

4. Design Philosophy: There is no single correct way to simulate vehicle physics. Developers must decide what aspects to simulate accurately and where to take creative liberties to achieve the intended experience.

5. Learning from Experience: The speaker shares personal insights from their first project, AV Racer, emphasizing the importance of understanding how vehicles work in reality to create engaging gameplay.

This talk aims to guide developers on the fundamental principles of vehicle programming, highlighting the balance between realism and fun in game design.

CO2 Battery Overview

The CO2 Battery is a new technology for long-duration energy storage that provides several key benefits:

• Efficiency: It has a round-trip efficiency of over 75% for AC-AC and MV-MV systems.
• Cost-Effective: It offers competitive capital and operational expenses.
• Flexibility: These batteries can be built anywhere globally.
• Proven Performance: There are already operational MW-scale plants.
• Durability: They maintain capacity and performance without degradation for over 30 years.
• Reliability: Made from eco-friendly, readily available materials without rare metals like lithium.

How It Works: The CO2 Battery utilizes a closed thermo-mechanical process that manipulates carbon dioxide (CO2) between gas and liquid phases. It stores energy by evaporating and expanding CO2 to generate electricity, with zero emissions during the process.

Key Advantages Over Lithium-Ion Batteries:

• Better efficiency (75%+ vs. 85% with lithium)
• Longer lifespan (30+ years vs. under 12 years)
• Lower costs (1x vs. 1.7x for CAPEX)
• Full discharge capability (100% vs. <80% for lithium)
• Readily available components globally, without critical materials reliance.

Applications: The CO2 Battery is scalable and can help manage energy supply and demand effectively, providing services like time-shifting, frequency containment, and voltage regulation.

This technology represents a sustainable alternative to traditional energy storage solutions, enabling a smoother transition to renewable energy sources.

The text discusses a security breach involving the Tea app, which has exposed around 72,000 user images, including selfies and ID photos. The incident highlights concerns about user privacy and data protection in apps. For more details, you can check the provided links.

The author thinks London's startup scene is not getting the recognition it deserves because startups there do not connect as frequently as those in San Francisco. There is no strong culture like Y Combinator (YC) in London. This initiative aims to help people from Hacker News (HN) meet and network.

This is an MCP server designed to chat with Apple Health data. The creator is developing a personal trainer tool that tracks workout goals and schedules, incorporating weekly check-ins. Since there's no automated way to access Apple Health data, the tool requires an iOS app to export key data to CSV every Sunday before check-ins. Although this adds extra steps, it’s manageable. The system mainly uses duckdb as its backend. A video demonstrating the tool is available online.

A recent survey shows that while researchers understand the importance of sharing null results (findings that do not support a hypothesis), they often hesitate to publish them. Key concerns include fears of damaging their reputations and a lack of support or platforms for publication. The survey highlights the need for greater awareness about the value of sharing such data and suggests changes in how research productivity is measured.

You can create and use special AI subagents in Claude Code to handle specific tasks and manage context better.

A merger between Union Pacific (UP) and Norfolk Southern (NS) could create a massive 52,215-mile railroad network across the U.S., offering coast-to-coast service and reducing congestion in major interchange points like Chicago. However, the merger faces regulatory challenges and the possibility of competing bids from other railroads.

While both companies have confirmed they are in talks, there is no guarantee a merger will happen. If it does, it could improve the economy by making shipping more efficient and reducing reliance on truck transport. The combined system would generate significant revenue and handle millions of shipments.

UP has a strong network for carloads and access to petrochemical plants, while NS has the largest intermodal network in the East, crucial for distribution to retailers. The merger could streamline operations, particularly in the automotive sector, and potentially benefit regions like Kansas City and Memphis by shifting traffic away from congested areas.

However, the merger could lead to job losses at headquarters before creating new positions, and industry analysts are cautious about regulatory approval, which would need to ensure competition and public interest are maintained. There are concerns that this merger might trigger further consolidations in the railroad industry.

Until 1700, the world economy was stagnant, growing only 0.1% a year on average, which meant it took almost 1,000 years for production to double. However, with the introduction of spinning jennies and steam engines, growth increased to 0.5% a year between 1700 and 1820. By the end of the 19th century, growth reached 1.9%, and in the 20th century, it averaged 2.8%, allowing production to double every 25 years. Overall, economic growth has not only become common but has also accelerated over time.

No summary available.

The author reflects on their experience of taking apart an old MacBook Pro, which they had valued for ten years. While replacing a faulty speaker, they recall a lesson from Steve Jobs about craftsmanship: even parts that aren't visible should be made with care and quality. Jobs emphasized that true craftsmanship involves pride in doing something well, regardless of whether it will be seen by others. The author connects this idea to the work of electrician Matthew Crawford, who also values quality in hidden work. Ultimately, the message is that focusing solely on surface appearance undermines the integrity of the work.

This text is part of a series analyzing the loading performance of various Formula 1 websites in 2021. The author reflects on a prior successful project they created and then shifts focus to review the Red Bull Racing website.

Key points include:

1. Website Performance: The Red Bull site loads in a total of 8.6 seconds, which is significantly faster than its 2019 version (15.8 seconds). However, there are still several performance issues that could be improved.

2. Improvement Areas:

   • Content Rendering Delay: There’s a 3-second delay in rendering content due to unnecessary inlining of CSS.
   • Image Loading Issues: Main images experience delays due to JavaScript handling and poor optimization. Suggestions include using real responsive images and optimizing image sizes further.
   • Cookie Modal Delay: A content-blocking cookie modal adds over 40 seconds to the loading time.

3. Image Optimization: The text discusses specific issues with the images used on the site, such as oversized files and the need for better compression techniques. It highlights that some images could be optimized significantly, reducing loading times.

4. Overall Ranking: Despite its issues, the Red Bull website ranks as the fastest among the sites reviewed so far. Future parts of the series will continue to analyze other F1 websites.

In summary, while the Red Bull Racing site shows good performance improvements, there are multiple areas for optimization to further enhance loading speed.

The Internet Archive has been officially recognized as a federal depository library. This means it will now serve as a key resource for public access to government documents and information. This designation helps promote the preservation and availability of important public records, making it easier for people to find and use government resources online.

No summary available.

Summary of Arm Desktop Emulation Post

This post is part of a series exploring the use of AArch64 systems as desktops. It focuses on running x86-64 applications on an Arm-based system using Fedora.

Key Points:

1. Emulation Basics: When using non-x86 systems, users often want to know if they can run x86-64 applications. The main tool for this is FEX-emu, which simplifies the process.

2. Software Requirements: To run x86-64 apps, you primarily need FEX-emu. It's recommended to remove other QEMU packages to avoid conflicts.

3. Checking Emulation: After installing FEX-emu, you can verify its functionality using commands that check system architecture.

4. Performance: The performance of the emulated CPU, tested with Geekbench 6, was poor, similar to an Intel Atom CPU from 2021. There are suggestions to improve emulation speed by adjusting certain features and settings.

5. Gaming with Steam: The post discusses installing Steam and playing games like Factorio. Without configuration tweaks, performance was unacceptable, but adjustments made it somewhat playable.

6. Final Thoughts: The author expresses skepticism about the practical use of x86-64 emulation, suggesting it may not be worth the effort for most tasks, though older games could still be an option.

Overall, while it is possible to run x86-64 applications on Arm systems, performance may not meet expectations without significant tweaks.

LLM providers frequently update their models and API prices, which are crucial for anyone developing AI applications. Currently, the only way to find these prices is by visiting each provider's website. To make this easier, I created pricepertoken.com, a website that consolidates the latest prices for different models in one location. I'm also considering adding image model prices, as there are various options available, and their costs can differ.

Summary of Asciinema

Asciinema is a free, open-source tool that allows you to record and share your terminal sessions easily. Unlike traditional screen recording apps, Asciinema captures sessions in a lightweight, text-based format.

Key Features:

• Easy Recording: Start recording by typing asciinema rec demo.cast in your terminal. To stop, just press ctrl+d or type exit.

• Copy & Paste: You can pause the recording playback to easily copy text content.

• Embedding: You can embed the Asciinema player in your blog, documentation, or presentation slides.

Examples of Recorded Sessions:

• Terminal Tetris
• Terminal gravity simulator
• ANSI and ASCII art demos

Asciinema simplifies the process of sharing terminal activities without the need for video, making it more efficient and user-friendly.

No summary available.

No summary available.

The article discusses the increasing gap in DMARC (Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting & Conformance) adoption between Fortune 500 companies and those in the Inc. 5000 list. While more large, established companies are implementing DMARC to protect their email systems from fraud and phishing, many smaller or newer companies are lagging behind. This divide highlights the importance of email security and the varying levels of awareness and resources among different organizations. Overall, the trend shows that larger companies are taking stronger measures to secure their digital communications.

No summary available.

I've been developing nodes.bio, an interactive tool for visualizing biological networks. It allows users to create and edit network graphs in real-time and supports importing and exporting data in JSON format. The design is responsive, making it suitable for desktop use, with a mobile version coming soon.

The tool uses modern technologies, including Next.js 14 with TypeScript for the frontend and FastAPI with Python for the backend. A demo showcasing the mechanism of action for a Traumatic Brain Injury Nasal Spray is available, illustrating the tool's ability to map complex biological pathways.

You can check out the live demo at nodes.bio. I welcome any feedback on the visualization features or suggestions for integrating biological data. What are your thoughts?

No summary available.

By joining our newsletter, you allow us to share your email address with our email service providers.

The article discusses how high dynamic range (HDR) and tone mapping techniques in video game graphics often fail to produce visually appealing results. It highlights the contrast between the vast range of light and color in the real world and the limitations of current display technology, which can only show a fraction of that range.

The author criticizes the tone mapping methods used in games, stating they often result in overly harsh contrasts that make games look distinctly "video gamey" rather than realistic or artistically pleasing. This issue is illustrated with examples from popular games like Battlefield 1 and Horizon Zero Dawn, which, despite their visual appeal, do not compare favorably to film or photography.

The article also draws parallels with the film industry, noting how companies like Arri have succeeded by focusing on the quality of color rendering, while others have prioritized technical specifications without considering artistic outcomes. The author argues that the tone mapping process in games needs significant improvement, suggesting that it should be viewed as a crucial aspect of the visual development process, rather than an afterthought.

Finally, the article recognizes a few games that manage HDR effectively, like Resident Evil 7 and Forza Horizon 3, emphasizing that good aesthetic choices are essential for creating visually compelling graphics in video games.

No summary available.

The text describes a method for running postmarketOS, a mobile Linux operating system, on Android devices using Termux without needing to flash a custom ROM. Here are the key points:

1. Purpose: The author aims to explore mobile Linux on Android devices, particularly on Sony Xperia phones, where postmarketOS is not officially available.

2. Background: postmarketOS is based on Alpine Linux and is designed for older mobile phones. Installing it directly on Android can be complex due to kernel compatibility issues and driver limitations.

3. Using Termux: Termux allows users to run Linux environments on Android without rooting. The method involves using Proot to create an Alpine Linux environment that can be converted to postmarketOS.

4. Installation Steps:

   • Install Proot and Alpine Linux on Termux.
   • Modify Alpine to utilize postmarketOS repositories.
   • Install the Phosh desktop environment, which is optimized for touchscreens and suitable for mobile use.

5. Phosh Experience: While using Phosh, most touch gestures function correctly. However, some Linux system settings require command-line adjustments since the graphical interface is limited in this setup.

6. Exploring Other Desktop Environments: The author notes that while Phosh is recommended for its simplicity, other desktop environments like Plasma Mobile and SXMO can be tried, although they may have stability and usability challenges.

This approach provides an experimental way to experience mobile Linux on Android devices without the complications of traditional installation methods.

No summary available.

No summary available.

Summary: SRAM Has No Chill

This research paper discusses a new security attack called Volt Boot, which targets on-chip SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) in modern embedded systems. Traditional defenses against memory attacks, like cold boot attacks, are becoming less effective due to vulnerabilities in power management systems. Here's a simplified breakdown of the key points:

1. Cold Boot Attacks: These attacks take advantage of the way DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) retains data at low temperatures after power loss. However, they are challenging to execute on embedded devices where memory is tightly integrated and difficult to access.

2. Volt Boot Attack: The Volt Boot attack leverages the power domain separation in system-on-chip (SoC) designs. By maintaining power to specific memory areas while the rest of the system is powered down, attackers can retain SRAM data across power cycles, effectively capturing sensitive information without relying on extreme temperatures.

3. Attack Execution: The researchers tested Volt Boot on various ARM Cortex-A systems, demonstrating that it could retrieve data from caches, registers, and internal SRAM with 100% accuracy, bypassing traditional security measures.

4. Countermeasures: The study suggests some defenses against Volt Boot, including:

   • Erasing memory during power-down.
   • Resetting SRAM at startup.
   • Implementing ARM TrustZone for secure memory isolation.
   • Mandating authenticated boot processes to prevent unauthorized access.

5. Conclusion: Volt Boot reveals significant vulnerabilities in on-chip memory security, challenging the assumption that SRAM is safe from physical attacks. This highlights a need for enhanced security measures in embedded systems.

The research indicates that while SRAM is considered more secure than DRAM against cold boot attacks, new techniques like Volt Boot exploit architectural design choices to extract sensitive data effectively.

The text discusses how to optimize a Linux desktop environment, particularly when using lightweight window managers instead of full desktop environments like Gnome or KDE. It emphasizes reducing unnecessary software bloat by using simpler, well-tested applications.

Key Points:

1. Bloatware Issues: Many lightweight window managers still bring along unnecessary dependencies. The text suggests two solutions: recompiling software to remove bloat or using simpler, older programs.

2. High DPI Configuration: For high-resolution displays, it’s essential to set the monitor's physical dimensions in the X server configuration to ensure GUI elements are displayed at a comfortable size.

3. Keyboard Configuration: The setup involves using commands to configure keyboard layouts, options, and behaviors, focusing on a ThinkPad model with both US and Russian layouts.

4. Pointing Devices: The document mentions configuring various pointing devices like touchpads, trackpoints, and mice.

5. Screensaver and Effects: It discusses disabling screensavers during fullscreen videos and applying visual effects like transparency and animations in lightweight window managers.

6. Display Management: Instructions are provided for switching between multiple monitors and using XDM as a lightweight display manager.

7. xdg-utils: The text explains how to set default applications for file management, email, image viewing, and more, using Emacs and other simple tools.

8. Aesthetic Customization: It covers changing themes, icons, and fonts without using graphical tools, relying instead on text file configurations.

The overall message is about creating a streamlined, efficient desktop experience by utilizing older, simpler programs and making specific configurations to enhance usability without bloating the system.

The author, who does not have a STEM degree and is mostly self-taught, wants to hear from others with similar backgrounds. They are curious about people's experiences, what they are currently doing, and how long they have been involved in their fields.

Summary: Implementing a Functional Language with Graph Reduction

Overview: The article discusses the implementation of a simple functional programming language using a graph-reduction machine in Haskell. The implementation is divided into three main components: a parser for λ-calculus, a compiler to combinatory logic, and a graph-reducer.

Key Components:

1. λ-Calculus Parser:

   • The parser processes a small functional language based on untyped λ-calculus, allowing both λ-calculus and Haskell syntax to be used interchangeably.
   • It assigns λ-expressions to names in an environment, enabling reference in other expressions.

2. Compiler to Combinatory Logic:

   • Transforms λ-terms into combinatory logic using basic combinators (S, K, I, B, C, and Y).
   • Employs bracket abstraction and optimization to improve efficiency.

3. Graph-Reducer:

   • Represents combinator terms in a graph structure that allows for lazy evaluation.
   • Uses mutable references (STRef) to enable in-place reductions, reducing the need for copying and managing variable scopes.

Implementation Details:

• The language supports basic constructs, including integers and recursion via the Y-combinator.
• Recursive functions can be expressed using fixed-point combinators, making it possible to compute factorials and other recursive operations.
• The reduction process is optimized through various strategies to ensure efficient execution.

Future Improvements: The author suggests several enhancements, including:

• Extending the language to support a more comprehensive programming environment.
• Implementing direct and mutual recursion.
• Experimenting with different optimization techniques.
• Expanding the language to include more complex data types and parallelism.

This implementation serves as a proof of concept for building a functional programming language using graph-reduction techniques, showcasing the benefits of combining theoretical concepts with practical execution.

No summary available.

When developing backend applications with changing database schemas, a common pattern emerges:

1. A new field is added to a model as nullable to avoid table locking during migration.
2. The application starts using this field.
3. A backfill job populates existing records, but the field remains nullable.

Many forget to change the field to non-nullable once all data is filled in. This oversight can lead to confusion and increased complexity in your code, as it creates a mismatch between the schema and the actual data. A nullable field that is never null is misleading and can undermine trust in your database schema.

To address this, a script can help identify these nullable fields and assess how many rows contain null values. If a field has 0% nulls, it should be changed to non-nullable, which enhances data integrity and simplifies the code.

In summary, regularly reviewing and updating nullable fields is essential to maintain a clear and trustworthy data model. If a field is meant to be required, it should be enforced in the database.

Person Re-Identification is a challenging task in video surveillance, often affected by issues like poor lighting and obstructions. To overcome these problems, we developed WhoFi, a new method that uses Wi-Fi signals instead of just visual data. WhoFi extracts biometric features from Channel State Information (CSI) and uses a Deep Neural Network (DNN) with a Transformer-based encoder for processing. The network is trained to create strong and adaptable biometric signatures. Tests on the NTU-Fi dataset show that WhoFi performs well, competing with the best existing methods for identifying people using Wi-Fi signals.

The MonTana Mini Computer (MTMC-16) has just launched its 1.0 version. It's a virtual teaching tool designed to help students learn about low-level computing. The MTMC-16 is a 16-bit computer with 4k of RAM, optimized for its limited hardware capabilities.

Key features include:

• A web interface with a display for registers, memory views, a Gameboy-like game pad, and a console for running assembly instructions.
• A file browser with an editor for coding.
• Sample code, including games like Snake and Conway's Game of Life.

A quick start video is available here. There is also a C compiler in development. The team is looking for feedback to improve the computer's interactivity and visual feedback. For more information, visit the website.

No summary available.

Summary:

The article discusses advancements in high-speed organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) using dinaphthylperylene, which can achieve communication speeds of 4 gigabits per second (Gbps). The research is conducted by a team from the University of St Andrews and the University of Cambridge. Key sections of the article include:

1. Introduction: Overview of the research and its significance.
2. Materials and Methods: Detailed processes for fabricating and characterizing the OLEDs.
3. Results and Discussion: Findings on the performance of the OLEDs, including improvements in speed and brightness, as well as enhancements in signal quality.
4. Conclusions: Summary of the study's implications.

The work is funded by the UK's Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council and is published in the journal Advanced Photonics.

This month, MDN (Mozilla Developer Network) is celebrating its 20th anniversary. Founded as a community-driven wiki, MDN has evolved alongside the web, providing developers with essential resources and information about web standards. Today, it features nearly 14,000 pages of documentation, over 33,000 localized articles, and compatibility data on around 18,000 web features, making it a vital resource for developers of all skill levels.

To celebrate, there's a tradition of sharing cakes among browser makers, symbolizing collaboration in the web community. Recently, the MDN team received a birthday cake from the web.dev team, highlighting the support and contributions from partners and the global community of over 100,000 contributors.

MDN reaches millions of developers monthly, and its success is thanks to the passion and contributions of its community. The team invites everyone to share their experiences with MDN on social media and encourages new contributors to help shape its future. Here's to many more years of supporting web developers!

Summary: How to Draw Lambda Diagrams

Lambda diagrams are visual representations of lambda expressions in mathematics. Here’s a simple guide on how to create them:

1. Basics of Lambda Diagrams:

   • Each variable in a lambda expression corresponds to a horizontal line.
   • For example, in the expression for "True" (λx.λy.x), draw a line for x and another for y, then represent the function body with vertical lines indicating which variable is being used.

2. Simple Examples:

   • For "False" (λx.λy.y), follow the same process: draw lines for x and y, and then a vertical line from y.
   • For more complex functions, such as (λx.λy.y x), add lines for all variables and show how they interact with vertical lines indicating input.

3. Nested Lambda Expressions:

   • When an expression contains another lambda expression, draw a new horizontal line for the new variable, but ensure it connects correctly with the existing lines.

4. Function Application:

   • To show that one lambda expression is being used as input for another, place them side by side and connect the relevant lines.

5. Beta Reduction:

   • This involves substituting one lambda diagram within another. You replace the vertical lines with the new diagram, then erase the horizontal line from which the vertical lines originated.

By following these steps, you can draw lambda diagrams for increasingly complex lambda expressions. There are also animated examples available online that illustrate these concepts in action.

Summary of Stackless Traversal by Marshall Lochbaum

In Dyalog version 16.0, the function Enlist (∊) has become significantly faster than in version 15.0, especially when working with nested arrays that contain small simple arrays. The speed improvement is due to a new approach to traversing arrays without using the C stack, which has limited space and can lead to errors when dealing with deeply nested arrays.

Key Points:

1. Old Method (trav): The previous method used a recursive function that relied on the C stack, which could crash if the array depth exceeded stack limits. It was flexible but slow due to excessive memory allocation and checks.

2. New Strategy: The new method avoids using a stack by manipulating pointers directly in memory. Instead of pushing data onto the stack, it rewrites pointers in the parent array to track where it is in the traversal. This saves memory and reduces overhead.

3. Memory Management: During the traversal, the algorithm temporarily modifies pointers and uses extra bits in pointer addresses to manage the state and determine when to stop traversing.

4. Results: The new traversal method is much faster, particularly for deeply nested arrays with small elements. Performance improvements were observed in various test cases, with some operations becoming over twice as fast.

5. Cautions: While the new method is efficient, it requires careful memory management. It cannot handle dynamic memory allocation during traversal, and any required memory must be allocated beforehand.

Overall, the changes made in Dyalog 16.0 greatly enhance the efficiency of operations involving nested arrays, benefiting various applications in the software.

The text appears to be a list of various software libraries, tools, and documentation topics related to programming, particularly in Common Lisp. Each item is identified by a unique code and describes a specific functionality or feature. Key areas of focus include:

• Documentation: Many entries are related to documenting different libraries or tools.
• Data Structures: There are numerous references to data structures such as hash tables, trees, and lists.
• Web Development: Several items pertain to web templates and middleware.
• Threading and Concurrency: Some entries discuss handling threads and asynchronous programming.
• Utilities and Functions: There are tools for text processing, debugging, and utility functions.
• Security: There are mentions of security-related features and libraries.

Overall, the list highlights a wide range of functionalities and tools available for developers using Common Lisp.

The trucking industry is experiencing significant changes due to new technology, particularly through digital apps that connect truckers with companies needing freight transport. Drivers like Jared, who have been in the industry for over 20 years, find it easier to secure work using multiple devices instead of relying on payphones and pagers. However, this convenience has also led to lower wages, with rates significantly dropping since the pandemic.

In Canada, there are several platforms, including Uber Freight, aiming to streamline the freight market. While these platforms offer flexibility and transparency, concerns have been raised about wage stagnation and the impact on smaller, unionized carriers.

Freightera, a major Canadian digital trucking service, allows drivers to set their own prices and find work quickly, improving efficiency. The company is also exploring AI advancements to simplify the booking process. Meanwhile, in Kenya, a similar digital platform called LORI has grown its network significantly, helping optimize truck usage and reduce idle time.

While technology could lead to a more efficient and environmentally friendly trucking industry, the rise of autonomous vehicles poses a potential threat to driver jobs. Despite advancements, many believe that human drivers are still essential for the foreseeable future.

IPNSIG, founded in 1998 by Vint Cerf and researchers from academia and NASA/JPL, aims to expand the Internet into space. As a full Chapter of the Internet Society, known as the Interplanetary Chapter, their mission aligns with the goal of connecting unpopulated areas and ensuring that "The Internet is for Everyone," even in space.

They focus on developing a Solar System Internet through:

1. Creating a Vision: Collaborating with stakeholders to establish a common vision for an Interplanetary Network.
2. Narrative and Roadmap: Outlining the future of the network with a clear plan.
3. Promoting Technology: Advancing Delay and Disruption Tolerant Networking (DTN) technology for both Earth and space applications.

For more details, reports on their Architecture and Governance, as well as their strategy, are available.

The study focuses on Down syndrome, which is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21 (trisomy 21) and leads to cognitive impairment. Current methods to eliminate this extra chromosome from affected cells are limited. This research demonstrates a new approach using a CRISPR/Cas9 system that can specifically target and remove the extra chromosome from human stem cells and fibroblasts.

Key points include:

1. Allele-Specific Targeting: The researchers developed a method that allows for precise targeting of only the extra chromosome, as opposed to random chromosome removal which can cause complications.

2. Efficient Removal: The study shows that by using specific gene targeting and temporarily reducing DNA damage response genes, the removal rate of the extra chromosome can be significantly increased.

3. Application to Non-Dividing Cells: This technique is shown to work not only in stem cells but also in differentiated, non-dividing cells, suggesting broader potential applications.

4. Future Implications: The findings could lead to advanced medical treatments for Down syndrome, addressing its genetic basis instead of just managing symptoms.

Overall, the study presents a promising step toward developing effective therapies for conditions caused by chromosomal abnormalities like Down syndrome.

No summary available.

Summary:

The book "Ambigrammia: Between Creation and Discovery" by Douglas Hofstadter, with a foreword by Scott Kim, explores the art of ambigrams—words and phrases designed to have dual readings through creative letter distortion. Hofstadter, along with pioneers Scott Kim and John Langdon, has created thousands of ambigrams since the 1960s. This book showcases hundreds of Hofstadter's ambigrams and discusses creativity and "discoverativity." It is both a visual treat and a personal narrative, detailing Hofstadter's journey with ambigrams across different cultures and languages. The book will be published on July 22, 2025, in hardcover and eBook formats, both priced at $40.

Summary of "Developing with Kiro: Amazon's New Agentic IDE"

Yehuda Cohen shares his experiences with Kiro, Amazon's new intelligent development tool, as part of his involvement in the AWS Community Builders program. He highlights that Kiro is currently in public preview and emphasizes its potential to significantly enhance productivity in software development.

Key Points:

1. Kiro's Functionality: Unlike traditional coding tools, Kiro allows developers to articulate high-level plans and specifications before diving into code. It can handle complex tasks and generate substantial portions of code autonomously.

2. User Experience: Cohen successfully built a portfolio website and contributed to open-source projects using Kiro, often without writing any code. He found that Kiro can create detailed requirements and design documents, which improves the development process.

3. Project Management: Working with Kiro requires a shift in project management style. Developers need to provide clear specifications and be ready to guide Kiro through complex issues, as it can struggle with ambiguity and may need help with problem-solving.

4. Strengths and Limitations: Kiro excels in sustained development tasks and understanding project architectures. However, it can get overwhelmed by complexity and may not always diagnose issues effectively.

5. Practical Tips: Cohen suggests embracing a spec-driven development approach, managing projects with clear specifications, and leveraging Kiro's ability to generate documentation and integrate with external tools.

6. Future of Development: He envisions a shift in software engineering roles, where engineers focus more on steering AI tools and less on manual coding. As AI capabilities grow, the nature of development is expected to evolve significantly.

Cohen encourages developers to explore Kiro for complex projects, noting that while the tool is not perfect, it offers valuable insights into the future of software development.

Summary of mwm (Minimal Window Manager)

mwm is a super minimalistic window manager designed for users who prefer simplicity. Here are the key points:

• It has only 20 lines of code (LOC).
• There are no fancy features like modes, mouse control, virtual desktops, or configuration files.
• It does not follow standard window management practices and lacks title bars, status bars, buttons, borders, and menus.
• Only one full-screen window is visible at a time.
• It is adaptable to user needs and includes only essential features.

mwm is smaller than similar window managers, like TinyWM, and allows users to launch programs and set key bindings. The main functions of mwm are to launch applications, switch between windows, and close windows.

To set key bindings, users can use two macros: grab (to select keys) and map (to assign actions).

To build mwm, run the command ./build.sh and you can specify a different C compiler if desired. Overall, mwm is aimed at those who value minimal, hackable, and straightforward software.

The author is addressing someone who shared a document that was not well-received. They acknowledge that the document may have been created or influenced by AI, which the author can easily recognize. They emphasize the importance of personal effort in writing, stating that AI should not replace individual input. The author finds it frustrating when they have to decipher poorly crafted text, as it wastes their time.

They clarify that they understand if English is not the person's first language or if they have disabilities, and they are willing to be more lenient in those cases. Overall, the author encourages the recipient to put their own voice and effort into their work, as personal engagement in writing is valuable for learning and expressing oneself. They want to see the recipient's unique ideas and experiences reflected in their writing.

The U.S. Air Force has suspended the use of the Sig Sauer M18 pistol after an airman was fatally shot at F.E. Warren Air Force Base in Wyoming. The Air Force Global Strike Command, responsible for over 33,000 personnel, announced this pause in a memo, stating it will conduct a thorough review of the weapon. The deceased airman was identified as 21-year-old Brayden Tyriq Lovan, and the base expressed condolences to his family and friends.

This incident adds to ongoing concerns about the safety of Sig Sauer's firearms, particularly allegations of unintentional discharges. Sig Sauer has faced numerous lawsuits regarding these claims but has defended the safety of its products, labeling some allegations as misinformation. While the investigation is ongoing, personnel at the Global Strike Command will use different weapons and inspect all M18 handguns for safety issues. The military's adoption of the M18 has raised questions about its reliability, but the U.S. Army previously stated it had no safety concerns after rigorous testing.

The blog post discusses the issue of censorship of adult content by payment processors, particularly in the context of recent actions against games with NSFW content on platforms like Steam and itch.io. The author, Soatok, emphasizes that this censorship is a political problem, not just a technical one, and highlights how payment processors can be used as tools for enforcing censorship.

Key points include:

1. Censorship Tactics: The author notes that payment processors have been used historically to censor free expression, like in the cases of Wikileaks and SciHub. Groups like Collective Shout have pressured these processors to target content they oppose, often using a tactic called "jawboning."

2. Concerns About Activist Groups: While there are suspicions about the anti-LGBTQ motives of groups like Collective Shout, the author urges caution in spreading unverified claims. However, there is concern that their actions could inspire other groups to censor content based on their beliefs.

3. Need for Political Solutions: The post argues that moving away from traditional payment systems to alternatives like cryptocurrency could shift the risk to developers instead of addressing the root problem. Instead, the author calls for collective action among technologists, gamers, and activists to create political solutions.

4. Future Payment Innovations: The author mentions upcoming payment systems in the EU (WERO) and the US (FedNOW) that could reduce the power of major payment processors like Visa and Mastercard, offering more choices for transaction processing.

5. Call to Action: Soatok encourages readers to organize and advocate for change, while also warning against allowing movements to devolve into harmful ideologies like those seen in "GamerGate."

In summary, the post stresses the importance of addressing the political aspects of censorship in online content and encourages collective action to safeguard free expression against oppressive practices.

Summary:

The Nuclear Reactor Sim Run is a simple simulator that explains how a nuclear reactor operates. It features controls for adjusting different rod groups and water flow rates. The simulator is developed using Godot and includes educational elements. It is available for multiple platforms, including HTML5, Windows, macOS, and Linux, and has received a perfect rating of 5.0 stars.

The simulator is inspired by videos and uses assets from Pixabay. Users can download versions for Windows and Linux. There was a noted error in the explanation of uranium isotope 235, which has since been corrected. Overall, the tool aims to serve as a fun and educational resource for learning about nuclear fission.

I created a web tool to help generate maintenance plans for IT and made it open-source. I welcome your feedback and contributions!

SQLx: The Rust SQL Toolkit Summary

SQLx is an asynchronous SQL library for Rust that allows developers to interact with databases safely and efficiently. Here are the key points:

• Asynchronous Support: SQLx is built for maximum concurrency using async/await features.
• Compile-time Query Checking: It verifies SQL queries at compile time, meaning errors can be caught before running the code.
• Database Compatibility: Supports multiple databases including PostgreSQL, MySQL, MariaDB, and SQLite (with a note that MSSQL support is currently removed).
• Pure Rust Implementation: The drivers for PostgreSQL and MySQL/MariaDB are written in safe Rust, but SQLite requires a C library.
• Cross-Platform: Works on various platforms where Rust is supported.
• Connection Pooling: Includes built-in support for managing database connections efficiently.
• Query Types: Supports both prepared (parameterized) and unprepared (simple) queries, with features for streaming results.
• Macros for Safety: Offers macros that allow for compile-time checked SQL, helping to prevent errors and SQL injection.
• Installation: Requires selecting runtime and TLS options when adding to your project.
• Safety: Emphasizes safe Rust coding practices and avoids unsafe code wherever possible.
• Licensing: Available under Apache 2.0 and MIT licenses.

For more detailed usage examples and features, check the SQLx documentation or examples provided in the project.

Quantum scientists have developed a new approach to cryptography that leverages quantum physics, which could potentially enhance security even if traditional encryption methods become vulnerable. This new method doesn’t rely on hard mathematical problems, a common foundation of current encryption systems, which makes it more robust against future breakthroughs in solving those problems.

Researchers Dakshita Khurana and Kabir Tomer built upon earlier findings that suggested quantum techniques could replace traditional cryptographic foundations. They created a new type of cryptographic building block called "one-way puzzles," which can generate locks and keys using quantum principles. While these puzzles are complex, they can support various cryptographic protocols.

Khurana and Tomer also identified a challenging mathematical problem, known as the matrix permanent problem, as a potential new foundation for their quantum cryptography. This connection could strengthen the theoretical basis of quantum cryptography, but practical applications are still distant, as current quantum computing technology is not yet advanced enough.

In summary, this research indicates that quantum cryptography could have a stronger and more secure foundation than classical methods, but it will take time before it can be implemented in real-world applications.

Job Summary: C++ Systems Engineer at Thunder Compute

Company Overview:

• Thunder Compute is a GPU cloud platform that offers better profit margins compared to competitors.
• The team consists of 4 people and is currently seed-funded, with a fast growth rate in revenue.
• The company is based in Atlanta but will move to San Francisco or New York City within 6 months.

Technical Challenge:

• The company is working on a unique way to connect GPUs over TCP, allowing them to use fewer GPUs for more users compared to competitors.
• The main focus is to ensure this system is stable and efficient at a larger scale.

Role Overview:

• The position involves working with the C++ core of the cloud platform, focusing on optimizing performance and debugging systems.
• Ideal for someone who enjoys tackling complex, performance-critical issues.

Key Responsibilities:

• Must have top-level C++ programming skills.
• Experience in optimizing network interface cards (NIC) and GPU performance is essential.
• A solid understanding of low-level networking and compilers is important.
• Experience in environments sensitive to latency is a plus.

Qualifications:

• Strong potential for future leadership roles as the company grows.
• Excellent communication skills and a self-driven attitude are required.
• Preferred candidates should have a CS PhD or Master's degree from a top university and some experience in relevant industries.

Compensation:

• Full-time salary plus equity (0.5-1%).
• The company is willing to relocate its headquarters for the right candidate.
• You will report to the Co-founder/CTO, Brian, who has experience as a quantitative developer at Citadel.

Tesla's board has approved giving Elon Musk $26 billion in shares of the company.

NVIDIA has scheduled a conference call to discuss its financial results for the second quarter. The call will take place on July 30, 2025.

Google will stop supporting its URL shortening service, goo.gl, on August 25, 2025. After this date, any links created with goo.gl will show a 404 error and will no longer work. Google had previously shut down the service in 2019, but the links continued to function until now. As usage of these links has significantly declined, Google advised users to switch to another URL shortener before the deadline.

Summary of Modernish

Modernish is a library designed to enhance shell script programming by addressing common challenges such as complex syntax, quoting issues, and portability across different Unix-like shells. It allows for safer variable and command expansions, introduces new loop constructs, and integrates easily with existing shell syntax.

Key Features:

1. Ease of Use: Modernish simplifies shell scripting, making it more reliable and easier to understand.
2. Portability: It works on various shell implementations without needing compiled code, making it suitable for embedded systems and environments where adding new binaries is restricted.
3. Installation: Users can install Modernish by running a script with options for customization, and it can be bundled with user scripts for portability.
4. Programming Forms:
   • Simple form integrates Modernish into scripts for a specific shell.
   • Portable form creates shell-agnostic scripts that use a special hashbang for broader compatibility.
5. Interactive Use: Modernish provides features for both script and interactive shell usage, enhancing capabilities like loops and state management.
6. Utility Functions: Includes enhanced commands for outputting strings, checking variable states, and performing arithmetic operations, all with improved safety and reliability.
7. Capability Detection: It can detect shell features and quirks, adapting to the specific shell environment to avoid issues during script execution.

Getting Started: To begin using Modernish, users should run an installation script, then follow examples and documentation to create and execute scripts. The library encourages community involvement for testing and development.

In short, Modernish aims to modernize shell scripting by providing a robust, easy-to-use library that enhances functionality while maintaining compatibility across different environments.

No summary available.

Summary of "17 Key Variables That Determine UBI’s Inflationary Impact"

The article discusses whether Universal Basic Income (UBI) will cause inflation. The impact of UBI on inflation depends on several key factors:

1. Amount of UBI: Higher UBI amounts can lead to greater inflation risks due to increased demand and potential changes in employment.

2. Economic Capacity: Inflation occurs if demand exceeds supply. If there’s sufficient capacity in the economy, UBI may not lead to inflation.

3. Competition: Strong competition can help keep prices stable. Monopolies can inflate prices, so enforcing anti-trust policies is essential.

4. Time: UBI may cause temporary inflation that could lead to increased supply and lower prices over time.

5. Banks: The way banks create money affects inflation. Controlling bank credit expansion alongside UBI can help manage inflation.

6. Taxes: Different tax structures impact how much money is taken out of circulation, influencing inflation levels.

7. Welfare Reform: UBI that replaces existing welfare programs may have less inflationary impact than one that adds to them.

8. Supply-Side Policies: Easier building regulations can help keep housing costs down, reducing potential inflation from UBI.

9. Downstream Savings: UBI can lower costs related to crime and healthcare, reducing inflationary pressures.

10. Net vs. Gross Income: The effective increase in disposable income after taxes matters for understanding inflationary effects.

11. Inferior Goods: With more income, people may buy higher-quality goods, which can decrease demand for cheaper options, leading to less inflation.

12. Savings and Debt: If people use UBI to save or pay off debts, it can reduce inflation since not all money will be spent.

13. Money Velocity: Money circulation rates affect inflation; UBI can stimulate local economies by increasing spending.

14. Inequality: Reducing inequality can lower costs of goods and services, providing a counter-inflationary effect.

15. Unpaid Work: UBI may encourage more unpaid labor, potentially reducing costs in sectors like childcare.

16. Disasters: External factors like pandemics or climate change can influence inflation when implementing UBI.

17. Technology: Advances in automation can lead to deflation; UBI can help maintain consumer buying power in such contexts.

Overall, the inflationary impact of UBI is complex and depends on various economic variables. Each country considering UBI will face different challenges and opportunities.

No summary available.

The debate over whether to use tabs or spaces for indentation in programming, known as the "great indentation war," has come to a conclusion, with spaces emerging as the clear winner. A review of popular programming languages and their official style guides shows that about 90% prefer spaces for indentation. While a few languages like Go and Assembly advocate for tabs, most commonly used languages, including Python, Java, and JavaScript, favor spaces. This trend reflects a broader movement toward standardization in coding practices. Despite the preference for spaces, the question of whether the debate is truly settled remains open.

The text reflects on the author's nostalgic memories of using computers in school and their journey to create a text-based adventure game called "Brain Box," inspired by their film "Safe Space."

Key points include:

1. Background: The author reminisces about their early exposure to computers in 90s Poland, which contributed to the country's success in programming competitions.

2. Film and Game Concept: "Safe Space" features characters playing a text adventure game within the film. The author wanted to create a real version of this game to enhance the film's narrative.

3. Challenges with AI: The author experimented with different language models (LLMs) to create the game but faced issues with narrative consistency and player engagement.

4. Gemini Model: The release of Google’s Gemini 2.5 Flash model allowed the author to build a more coherent and immersive game experience, successfully allowing players to choose different character perspectives.

5. Development Process: The game was developed using familiar web technologies, focusing on ease of use and accessibility. The author emphasized the importance of crafting a detailed system prompt to guide the AI's responses effectively.

6. Player Experience: Early testing showed that players could engage deeply with the game, sometimes diverting from the main narrative in humorous ways.

7. Launch and Reception: Following initial quiet launch, the game received unexpected attention, highlighting its reliability under increased traffic. However, a change in the AI model affected the game’s feel.

8. Philosophical Reflection: The author reflects on the nature of creativity and the unpredictable challenges of working with AI in storytelling.

In conclusion, the piece describes the blend of nostalgia, creativity, and the complexities of using AI to create interactive narratives, ultimately encouraging readers to check out both the film and the game.

No summary available.

Summary of Google Labs' Opal Announcement

On July 24, 2025, Google Labs introduced Opal, a new experimental tool that allows users to create and share AI mini-apps easily. Opal enables users to combine AI models, prompts, and tools into functional applications without needing to write code.

Key features of Opal include:

• Workflow Creation: Users can build multi-step applications by describing the process in natural language. Opal will visually organize these steps into a workflow.
• Easy Editing: Users can modify their apps using simple commands or a visual editor, making adjustments without needing programming knowledge.
• Sharing: Once an app is complete, it can be shared with others who can access it using their Google accounts.

Opal is currently in a public beta phase in the US, and it features a demo gallery with starter templates for users to customize. The goal is to empower individuals to bring their AI ideas to life effortlessly.

DJI, a major drone manufacturer, has been facing challenges selling its products in the United States due to an unofficial ban at customs, leading to limited availability and increased prices. Meanwhile, a new drone called the SkyRover X1, which closely resembles DJI's Mini 4 Pro, is available for purchase online. Evidence suggests that the SkyRover X1 may actually be a DJI product in disguise, as it shares similar specifications, features, and even uses DJI’s online infrastructure.

Security researchers have found that the SkyRover app uses the same encryption as DJI, and a reviewer noted he was instructed not to mention any other drone brands in his review. While there are some differences between the SkyRover and DJI drones, such as camera quality and battery compatibility, suspicions remain about its true origins.

DJI has not confirmed or denied its involvement with the SkyRover X1, but the situation raises concerns about the company's strategies to circumvent US drone restrictions by partnering with foreign manufacturers. The US government is currently investigating the matter, and a formal ban on DJI products could be enforced if they are deemed a national security risk.