Summary of "The Scam Called 'You Don't Have to Remember Anything'"

In this article, Sascha discusses a long-standing scam where tools like search engines, note-taking apps, and AI claim that remembering information is unnecessary. He argues that this mindset is harmful because it encourages people to rely on superficial searches rather than developing their knowledge and critical thinking skills.

Key points include:

1. Knowledge and Understanding: To effectively use the internet, one needs solid background knowledge. Without it, people struggle to evaluate information critically.

2. Digital Natives: Younger generations (digital natives) often lack the skills to analyze information deeply, which leads to a superficial understanding of topics.

3. Emotional Engagement: Engaging with material on a deeper, emotional level is crucial for learning. Without this, knowledge becomes fragile and less impactful.

4. The Role of Memory: Contrary to the claim that you don’t need to remember anything, Sascha emphasizes that memory is essential for meaningful knowledge work. Tools like spaced repetition and methods like Zettelkasten can enhance memory and cognitive processing.

5. Expertise Development: The ability to think critically and synthesize information requires extensive background knowledge and mental training. Relying solely on AI or external tools can hinder this development.

In conclusion, to succeed in knowledge work, individuals must actively train their minds and remember information, rather than relying on shortcuts.

The text is a link to a guide titled "How I Did It" on GitHub, created by the user "mmulet." It likely shares insights or methods that the author used for a specific project or achievement. Unfortunately, the content of the guide itself is not provided, so specific key points cannot be summarized.

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The provided link leads to a GitHub page for a project called "animal-crossing-llm-mod." This project appears to be related to modifications or enhancements for the game Animal Crossing, possibly involving AI or language models. However, without additional context, specific details about the project's features or purpose are not available.

The text discusses a significant cryptographic vulnerability known as "Kerberoasting," which affects Microsoft’s Active Directory (AD). This vulnerability has been around for over a decade and was recently highlighted in a ransomware attack on the Ascension Health hospital system.

Key Points:

1. Active Directory Overview: AD is crucial for managing access to resources in Windows networks, serving as the main defense against unauthorized access. It uses the Kerberos protocol, which is outdated and has security flaws.

2. Kerberoasting Explained: The vulnerability arises when network services use weak, human-generated passwords instead of strong, randomly generated cryptographic keys. Attackers can exploit this by obtaining encrypted tickets and attempting to crack the passwords offline.

3. Weaknesses in Security: If service accounts have weak passwords, attackers can quickly guess them using powerful computing resources. The use of outdated cryptographic methods like RC4 and unsalted NT hashes makes cracking even easier.

4. Microsoft's Response: Microsoft has been criticized for not adequately addressing these vulnerabilities. Their recommendations for preventing attacks are seen as insufficient, relying on administrators to implement strong security practices without enforcing necessary upgrades or disabling outdated options.

The overall message emphasizes the need for improved security measures and a more proactive approach from Microsoft to eliminate these persistent vulnerabilities in their systems.

Summary of the Origin Story of Merge Queues:

Merge queues are essential tools in software development that help keep main branches of code stable when multiple developers are merging changes. This article explores how merge queues evolved from early solutions like Bors and Homu to modern tools like GitHub and GitLab's built-in features.

1. The Need for Merge Queues: As more developers contribute to projects, ensuring that the main branch remains error-free became challenging. Early attempts to solve this involved simple automation scripts.

2. Key Innovations:

   • Bors: Created in 2013 for the Rust programming language, Bors automated the merging process by testing pull requests before they affected the main branch.
   • Homu: An extension of Bors, it allowed other projects to adopt similar automation.
   • Bors-NG: A modern version of Bors that was faster and more user-friendly.

3. Emergence of Other Tools: Other companies developed their own merging tools, such as:

   • Bulldozer: Created by Palantir, it automates merging when conditions are met.
   • Mergify: Founded by Julien Danjou and Mehdi Abaakouk, it evolved from a small tool into a comprehensive service for managing pull requests.
   • Kodiak: Developed by Christopher Blump, it automates updates and merges for pull requests.

4. Wider Adoption: By 2019, merge queues became recognized as best practices across various platforms, including GitLab, which integrated merge trains into their system.

5. GitHub's Integration: In 2023, GitHub launched its own merge queue feature, which automated the merging process similarly to earlier community tools. This represented a significant shift, as it validated the need for such systems in mainstream development practices.

6. Conclusion: Merge queues have transitioned from niche solutions to essential tools for modern software delivery, allowing teams to merge code quickly and safely without breaking the main branch.

The author is helping their elderly parents set up a 5G connection in a rural area while managing the network from abroad. They found a budget-friendly 5G router that needs external antennas and can connect via VPNs like OpenVPN or WireGuard. WireGuard is preferred due to its lightweight nature, but it requires manual key management for each device and doesn’t work well with other VPNs, causing connection issues on their phone.

To simplify access, the author used Tailscale for easier home network access, even with devices behind NAT. They decided to create a Docker container to connect WireGuard and Tailscale, but it took more effort than expected to set up the routing, firewall, and DNS settings. Eventually, they achieved a stable setup and are pleased that the WireGuard router now functions like any other Tailscale node in their network.

Summary of the iPhone Air Launch Press Release

On September 9, 2025, Apple announced the iPhone Air, the thinnest iPhone ever at just 5.6mm. It features a lightweight yet durable titanium design, enhanced camera capabilities, and impressive all-day battery life.

Key features include:

• A 6.5-inch Super Retina XDR display with ProMotion for smooth visuals.
• A powerful 48MP Fusion Main camera and an innovative 18MP Center Stage front camera for advanced photography and video recording.
• Enhanced durability with Ceramic Shield and a robust titanium frame.
• The latest Apple silicon chips (A19 Pro, N1, and C1X) for improved performance and efficiency.
• eSIM technology for flexible connectivity.

The iPhone Air will be available in four colors: space black, cloud white, light gold, and sky blue, starting at $999. Pre-orders begin on September 12, with sales starting September 19.

Apple also introduced new accessories for the iPhone Air and emphasized its commitment to sustainability, using a significant amount of recycled materials in its construction.

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The text discusses the creation of CrabCamera, a Tauri plugin designed to simplify camera access across Windows, macOS, and Linux. Previously, developers faced challenges such as needing separate code for each platform, managing different permission systems, and handling format conversions manually. CrabCamera addresses these issues by providing:

• A single API that works on all three platforms.
• Automatic permission requests for camera access.
• Format conversion to align with app needs.
• Clear error handling to prevent crashes.
• Detection of camera connections and disconnections.

The plugin was developed during the creation of a plant monitoring app that required reliable camera functionality. It aims to fill a gap in the growing Tauri ecosystem, where many desktop applications need camera access for various features.

Technical features include:

• Use of the nokhwa library for camera functionalities.
• Support for asynchronous operations.
• Efficient video streaming.
• An image processing pipeline.
• An extensible architecture for future enhancements.

Future plans for CrabCamera include integrating WebRTC for video calls, adding barcode/QR code scanning, face detection, and improving performance for 4K video.

CrabCamera is available under the MIT license on crates.io, and feedback from other Tauri developers is welcomed. Links to the plugin’s repository and documentation are provided.

Modos has introduced a new open-source e-paper display that features a refresh rate of 75 Hertz, making it comparable to basic LCD screens. This development marks a significant advancement in e-paper technology.

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Summary of Flame Fractals

Flame fractals are complex, visually stunning images created using generative systems. They were first introduced by Scott Draves in 1992 and are based on earlier fractal concepts developed by John E Hutchinson in 1981. A vibrant community of fractal artists uses various software to create these artworks.

One notable example is the demo "Terrarium," which is only 4kb in size and can be run locally. The process of creating flame fractals involves generating two images: a density map for accumulation and an output image for display. The main steps include applying random transformations to points and updating the density map based on where these points land.

Flame fractals utilize a method similar to the chaos game, but with more flexible transformations. The colors are applied based on the transformations used and involve techniques like tonemapping and palette sliding. The rendering process includes post-processing for brightness scaling and color adjustments.

Additional artistic effects like depth of field and motion blur can be added to enhance the visual experience. Overall, flame fractals combine mathematical principles with artistic creativity, allowing for unique and intricate designs. The author encourages others to explore and create their own artworks.

NASA's recent research suggests that Saturn's moon Titan may have the potential to create primitive cell-like structures in its cold lakes of methane and ethane. Scientists believe that under specific conditions, simple molecules can form vesicles, which are tiny bubble-like structures that could represent early steps toward life. These vesicles might emerge from splashes and chemical reactions happening in Titan's unique atmosphere.

Titan is special because it is the only moon known to have liquids on its surface, though they are hydrocarbons instead of water. This research proposes that vesicles could form when molecules known as amphiphiles come together in Titan's lakes, potentially leading to the development of protocells—early forms of life.

The study highlights how understanding these processes on Titan can expand our knowledge of life's origins in environments very different from Earth. NASA's upcoming Dragonfly mission will further explore Titan, although it will not directly search for these vesicles. The findings are exciting as they could change how scientists look for signs of life on Titan in the future.

The author reflects on the differences between human memory and the memory capabilities of language models like Claude. When the author asked Claude about a Ruby library, it incorrectly generated methods that didn’t exist, which highlights a key difference between human knowledge and AI.

Humans not only know facts but also remember how they learned them, giving their knowledge a sense of context and solidity. In contrast, language models lack true memory and experiences; they operate more like a store of inherited information rather than a living memory.

While some engineers hope that AI context windows can serve as a form of memory, this analogy falls short. The author suggests that genuine memory requires time and life experiences, which language models do not possess. As a result, issues like hallucination in AI are unlikely to disappear until a new type of AI can engage with the world in a meaningful way.

Join the Microsoft AI Tour for free! Request to attend and discover how to enhance your business with AI technology.

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The NPM packages "debug" and "chalk" have been compromised. This means that the code in these packages may have been altered or tampered with, potentially putting users at risk. For more information, you can visit the link provided.

Self-evolving Large Language Models (LLMs) aim to achieve super-intelligence by learning and improving on their own. Currently, training these models relies on extensive human-created tasks and labels, which limits their development. To address this, we present R-Zero, an autonomous system that creates its own training data from scratch.

R-Zero starts with a base LLM and creates two models: a Challenger and a Solver. The Challenger proposes difficult tasks for the Solver, which tries to solve them. The Challenger gets rewards for suggesting tasks that are challenging but solvable, while the Solver earns rewards for successfully completing these tasks. This method allows the models to improve together without needing pre-defined tasks.

R-Zero has shown significant improvements in reasoning abilities across various LLMs, enhancing performance on math and general reasoning benchmarks.

YouTube is currently facing a significant drop in views, as noted by various creators like Adrian Black and Jeff Geerling. Despite this decline, likes and revenue have remained stable, which Geerling speculates might be due to changes in how views are counted. YouTube has not officially addressed these changes, leaving creators uncertain about how to manage their relationships with sponsors who rely on view counts.

Some creators, like the RedLetterMedia team, suggest that this decline could be linked to a sudden activation of Restricted Mode for some users, though it's unclear if this is the cause.

YouTube is viewed as a monopoly in the video-sharing space, with few alternatives available for creators to upload and monetize their content. This lack of competition makes it difficult for creators to navigate these sudden changes in viewer metrics, which could impact their income. Although the author supports smaller platforms like Nebula, they acknowledge that most users prefer free services like YouTube. The author believes the video-sharing space needs more competition to ensure its sustainability in the long run.

The report summarizes findings from the Annual Literacy Survey, which collected responses from nearly 115,000 children and young people aged 5 to 18 in early 2025. Key points include:

1. Reading Enjoyment: Only 32.7% of children aged 8 to 18 reported enjoying reading in their free time, the lowest level in 20 years and a 36% decrease since 2005. The decline is particularly noticeable among primary-aged children and boys aged 11 to 16.

2. Reading Frequency: Just 18.7% of children aged 8 to 18 read daily, the lowest recorded level, with a nearly 20 percentage point drop since 2005. Daily reading among 5 to 8-year-olds also fell to 44.5%. Girls read more frequently than boys, and there is a notable gap in daily reading rates based on socio-economic status.

3. Motivations to Read: To encourage reading, children indicated they are motivated by materials related to their favorite films or hobbies (38.1%), interesting book covers (30.9%), and the freedom to choose what to read (26.6%). Even those with low reading enjoyment acknowledge its educational value and often read various forms of content like song lyrics and comics.

The findings suggest that connecting reading materials to children's interests and popular media could help re-engage those who are less enthusiastic about reading.

The axial twist theory is a proposed explanation for various unique features in the body structure of vertebrates, including humans. It suggests that the front part of the head, which includes the face and part of the brain, is "twisted" in relation to the rest of the body, leading to a left-handed body orientation. This theory aims to explain why the left side of the brain controls the right side of the body and vice versa, a phenomenon known as contralateral organization.

Key points of the theory include:

1. Development Process: The axial twist occurs during embryonic development, starting when the embryo turns on its left side and the head grows in the same direction while the body twists in the opposite direction. Ultimately, this process restores external symmetry but leaves internal organs asymmetric.

2. Anatomical Phenomena: The theory can explain various anatomical features such as the left-sided heart and the asymmetric arrangement of internal organs.

3. Genetic Mechanisms: The twist is linked to specific genetic pathways, particularly the Nodal signaling pathway, which regulates the asymmetric growth of tissues during development.

4. Evolutionary Context: The theory suggests that this axial twist may have evolved in a common ancestor of all vertebrates, with potential links to similar asymmetries observed in other animal groups.

5. Relation to Other Theories: While the axial twist theory encompasses a broad range of phenomena, it competes with other theories that focus on specific aspects of brain organization and body asymmetry.

Overall, the axial twist theory provides a framework for understanding the complex body plans of vertebrates, though many details, particularly the genetic basis and evolutionary history, are still under investigation.

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The article discusses the author's experience with various Personal Knowledge Management (PKM) apps like Obsidian, Things, and Readwise Reader. While these apps help capture and organize information, they lack effective features for re-engaging with previously stored data. The author emphasizes the need for PKM tools to automatically remind users of relevant information based on their current context, which would save time and reduce overwhelm.

The author suggests that PKM apps should incorporate features similar to Spotify's Home tab, which effectively surfaces previously enjoyed music. Possible enhancements for PKM apps could include recent notes, historical notes from the same date in previous years, and similar notes to those currently being edited.

To address these limitations, the author has created simple tools that help surface data from their PKM apps, but desires these features to be integrated directly into the software. They call on developers to build functions that help users routinely reconnect with their stored information to make PKM apps more effective and less overwhelming.

Summary of Memory Integrity Enforcement (MIE)

Memory Integrity Enforcement (MIE) is a major advancement in memory safety for Apple devices, combining Apple silicon hardware with enhanced operating system security. This effort, which took five years, aims to provide always-on memory protection without sacrificing device performance. MIE is considered a groundbreaking upgrade in the safety of consumer operating systems.

Historically, iPhones have been resistant to widespread malware attacks, primarily facing complex mercenary spyware linked to state actors, which exploits memory vulnerabilities. Apple is focused on improving memory safety through various strategies, including the use of memory-safe programming languages like Swift and secure memory allocators introduced in iOS updates.

A significant part of MIE’s development includes the Enhanced Memory Tagging Extension (EMTE), which helps identify memory corruption bugs by tagging memory allocations. Apple collaborated with Arm to enhance this technology, ensuring that memory safety measures are always active and effective against sophisticated threats.

MIE’s core components include secure memory allocators that organize memory to prevent exploitation techniques, and synchronous tag checking to block unauthorized memory access. This system is designed to protect against common vulnerabilities like buffer overflows and use-after-free errors by ensuring that memory tags are checked at all times and that accessing memory without proper tags is blocked.

The design process involved extensive security evaluations to ensure MIE could withstand sophisticated attack methods. Apple’s offensive research team helped identify weaknesses and refine protections against speculative execution attacks. MIE is now integrated into the latest iPhones, providing significant defense against memory corruption vulnerabilities, thereby making it harder and more costly for attackers to develop effective exploits.

Overall, MIE is set to redefine memory safety for Apple products, drastically reducing the potential for successful attacks and representing a significant leap forward in consumer operating system security.

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Unicode has released its annual update, Unicode 17.0, adding 4,803 new characters, bringing the total to 159,801. This update introduces several new emoji, including:

• Hairy Creature: Represents folklore and outsider status, symbolizing elusive beings from various cultures.
• Distorted Face: Captures feelings of discomfort and awkwardness, often seen in memes and face filters.
• Trombone: Evokes the sound associated with jazz and humor, symbolizing both pride and disappointment.
• Orca: A powerful symbol of intelligence and vulnerability, revered in many cultures.
• Treasure Chest: Represents discovery and value, flexible for various contexts like gaming and personal achievements.
• Falling Debris: Can signify both literal disasters and metaphorical collapses.
• Fight Cloud: Represents conflict, suitable for both serious and humorous situations.

Additionally, there is a long-awaited fix allowing skin tone variations for multi-person emojis, enhancing personalization. However, it may take time for these new emojis to appear on devices due to the complexities of implementation.

Unicode aims to support diverse communication across devices and encourages donations to further their mission.

The text discusses the creation of a multiplayer shooter game, called DOOMQL, built entirely using SQL with the CedarDB database. Here are the key points:

1. Project Motivation: The author wanted to enhance a previous DOOM clone by developing a multiplayer game entirely in SQL, aiming for better performance and a more integrated rendering pipeline.

2. Game Architecture:

   • All game data, such as player stats and map configurations, is stored in database tables.
   • The game uses SQL views to handle rendering, employing a raycasting algorithm to create a 3D view from 2D data.

3. Game Loop: A simple shell script runs the game loop, executing SQL commands to manage game state, player actions, and interactions efficiently.

4. Cheating Mechanisms: Players can manipulate game state through SQL commands, leading to a playful "cheating metagame."

5. Performance: The game runs at approximately 30 frames per second, significantly faster than a previous version, utilizing CedarDB's capabilities to optimize queries.

6. Development Insights: The author found it surprisingly intuitive to express game logic in SQL, though maintaining such a system proved challenging.

7. Open Source: The code for DOOMQL is available on GitHub for others to explore and try.

The text serves as both a technical overview and a personal reflection on the game's development process.

Summary:

Bottlefire allows you to create single-executable microVMs from Docker images. These microVMs are standalone Linux executables that use Firecracker to run without dependencies. You can easily download and run these executables using simple commands.

You can also run these microVMs in a sandboxed environment using Landlock for extra security.

To download an executable directly, you can use a command that fetches the image and makes it executable. Bottlefire's microVMs support features like userspace networking and directory sharing, making them user-friendly on modern Linux systems without needing root access.

Bottlefire offers free access to some official and popular public images. For a subscription fee of $5 per month, you can access more images, including private ones. Higher subscription levels are available for those who want to make their images public or need additional features.

Summary of Semantic Line Breaks

Semantic Line Breaks are guidelines for using line breaks in text to improve readability without affecting how it appears when rendered. They help organize prose by placing breaks after significant thoughts, making it easier for writers and editors to work with the text.

Key Points:

1. Purpose: Semantic Line Breaks help structure text logically by clearly marking boundaries between ideas while keeping the final output the same.

2. Usage:

   • A line break should occur after a complete sentence (ending with a period, exclamation mark, or question mark).
   • It's recommended to break lines after independent clauses, before itemized lists, and to help clarify grammar.
   • Line breaks should not be placed within hyphenated words.

3. Benefits:

   • For Writers: Reflects the logical structure of thoughts.
   • For Editors: Facilitates identifying grammatical errors and improving clarity.
   • For Readers: Line breaks are not visible in the final text, ensuring a smooth reading experience.

4. Supported Languages: Languages like Markdown, reStructuredText, and LaTeX support semantic line breaks.

5. Implementing Changes: Writers can start using semantic line breaks in new text without needing to reformat existing documents all at once.

6. Technical Details: For tracking changes in Git, using the --word-diff option can help manage line changes better when semantic line breaks are present.

This specification, authored by Mattt, aims to compile best practices for technical writing. Feedback can be provided on GitHub.

The Go Blog introduces a new experimental Go API for JSON called encoding/json/v2, highlighting updates and improvements over the existing encoding/json package.

Key Points:

1. JSON Overview: JSON is a widely used data format in Go for reading and writing data. The existing encoding/json package has been popular for 15 years but has some limitations.

2. Issues with Current Package:

   • Behavioral Flaws: The current package has issues such as accepting invalid UTF-8, allowing duplicate member names, and mishandling nil slices/maps.
   • API Deficiencies: It is difficult to unmarshal from io.Reader, and there are limitations in setting options for encoding and decoding.
   • Performance Limitations: Current methods can be slow and inefficient, lacking proper streaming support.

3. New Experimental Packages:

   • encoding/json/v2 aims to address these issues while being user-friendly for those familiar with the old API.
   • The experimental encoding/json/jsontext package focuses on JSON syntax without relying on Go's reflection.

4. Improvements in v2:

   • Better error handling for invalid inputs.
   • Updated marshaling behavior for nil slices/maps.
   • More flexibility with options for marshaling and unmarshaling, allowing customization at both type and caller levels.
   • Streaming capabilities for improved performance.

5. Transition Strategy:

   • The v2 package has been developed over five years, incorporating community feedback.
   • It is designed to gradually replace the existing package without making it obsolete.

6. Testing and Feedback: Users can experiment with these new packages by using specific environment settings. Feedback will guide future developments and potential adoption into the standard library.

Overall, the new API promises significant enhancements in performance, flexibility, and adherence to JSON standards, while maintaining familiarity for existing Go users.

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The author recently started using Tarsnap, a backup service known for its strong security, as part of a personal digital resilience audit for 2025. Tarsnap is designed for those who are particularly concerned about data safety, and it uses a command-line tool that feels user-friendly for Unix system administrators. The service allows users to maintain anonymity since they can easily delete their account and any stored data.

The author appreciates Tarsnap's prepaid pricing model, which makes it affordable and long-lasting for small amounts of data. They created a cost estimator that shows even a small initial payment can last for many years if only backing up essential files. The only desired feature mentioned is the option to use a hardware key for added security. Overall, the author finds Tarsnap to be a well-designed and reliable product.

Business Insider shares interesting and innovative stories that keep you informed.

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A British company has introduced a new electric bike that does not fold, but it can lay flat for easy storage. The design aims to make it more convenient for users.

ASML has announced a strategic partnership with Mistral AI. This collaboration aims to enhance their capabilities in artificial intelligence. For more details, you can visit ASML's official press release on their website.

On September 10, 2025, Vimeo announced it will be acquired by Bending Spoons for $1.38 billion. Each Vimeo shareholder will receive $7.85 per share in cash, representing a 91% premium over the company's average share price prior to the announcement. The Vimeo Board believes this deal offers significant value and supports Vimeo's future growth as part of Bending Spoons.

Bending Spoons, which aims to enhance Vimeo's offerings, plans to invest in various markets and improve features for both creators and enterprise users. The acquisition is expected to close in the fourth quarter of 2025, pending regulatory and shareholder approvals, after which Vimeo will become a private company.

Vimeo does not plan to hold a third-quarter earnings call for 2025 but will release written results as required. Legal and financial advisors are assisting both companies with the transaction.

I have released Ark v0.5.0, a lightweight and efficient Entity Component System (ECS) library for Go, designed for performance and ease of use.

Key points include:

• Ark is a fast ECS library with a simple interface and no dependencies.
• It features quick batch operations and strong support for entity relationships.
• The latest release improves query performance with better indexing and adds methods for random entity sampling.
• The documentation has been updated with new sections on design philosophy, limitations, and advanced topics like entity relations and spatial indexing.

If you're interested in ECS in Go, I welcome your feedback and contributions. You can find the changelog at the provided GitHub link.

This text introduces Bash programmers to writing Command-Line Interface (CLI) tools in Go. Here are the key points:

1. Creating a Simple CLI Tool: The tutorial starts by showing how to create a simple CLI tool in Bash that prints "hello". It then transitions to implementing the same tool in Go by setting up a directory and initializing a Go module.

2. Testing in Go: A test is created to check if the "Print" function works. Initially, an empty function passes the test, indicating the need for a real implementation.

3. Redirection of Output: The Go implementation is modified to allow output redirection using the io.Writer interface, enabling the function to write to different outputs (like a buffer or standard output).

4. Improving the Print Function: The tutorial discusses various approaches to simplify the PrintTo function, including using nil for default output and global variables. However, these approaches have drawbacks, like potential issues in concurrent tests.

5. Using Structs for State Management: A custom struct, Printer, is introduced to manage output without the risks of global variables, allowing for multiple independent printer instances.

6. Creating a Practical CLI Tool: The focus shifts to a more practical example—a tool to count duplicate lines in input. The implementation involves using a counter type and methods to process input.

7. Handling Command-Line Arguments: The tutorial explains how to handle command-line arguments and options using a function type for flexibility in setting input.

8. Using Command-Line Flags: It concludes with an introduction to using the flag package to define command-line options, enhancing user interaction with the tool.

Overall, the text walks through the basics of creating CLI tools in Go, emphasizing testing, output management, and user input handling.

Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) has been using a surveillance tool called a Stingray, which mimics a cell tower to track mobile phones. This technique raises privacy concerns because it can expose data of anyone nearby the target. Recently, a warrant revealed that ICE employed this technology to locate a fugitive in Utah who had previously escaped from prison in Venezuela and is linked to gang activities.

The warrant allowed ICE to pinpoint the fugitive's location more accurately after initial attempts provided only a broad area. Despite criticism from civil rights groups, ICE continues utilizing Stingrays, having recently purchased nearly $1 million worth of mobile units and maintaining a $4.4 million contract with the Stingray manufacturer.

In other news, the San Mateo County Sheriff's Office spent $12 million on an AI surveillance system that has not delivered promised improvements in police work. Additionally, ICE has signed a contract for facial recognition services worth nearly $10 million. Meanwhile, a former WhatsApp security lead has filed a lawsuit against Meta, claiming privacy violations, which Meta denies.

Finally, Signal has introduced encrypted backups for chats, while Amnesty International has reported on extensive surveillance operations in Pakistan.

The author is considering moving their personal projects from GitHub to a self-hosted Git service to avoid reliance on large platforms. They currently use GitLab and CodeBerg but worry about their future stability. They are experimenting with hosting their own Git instance using Gitea through a service called PikaPod for €2/month.

Key challenges they face include:

1. Network Effects: GitHub is widely used, making it easy for developers to collaborate. The author finds it frustrating that moving away from GitHub creates barriers for others to contribute to their projects.

2. Forking Issues: Currently, users can only fork projects on the author’s server, making it difficult to collaborate with others on different platforms.

3. Discoverability: Their projects may be harder to find since GitHub is the primary search platform for code.

4. Admin Challenges: Although hosting is managed by PikaPod, the author still has to set up and maintain Gitea, which can be time-consuming and complex.

5. Sponsorship: They miss the sponsorship feature available on GitHub, making it harder to receive financial support for their work.

The author plans to keep their popular repositories on GitHub while moving smaller projects to their new Git instance. They are also looking for hosted alternatives like Forgejo that would allow them to use their own subdomain.

Anscombe's quartet is a set of four datasets created by statistician Francis Anscombe in 1973. Each dataset has the same basic statistical properties, like mean and variance, yet they display very different patterns when graphed. This highlights the importance of visualizing data to understand it better.

Key points:

1. Identical Statistics: All four datasets have the same mean, variance, and correlation, but their graphs look very different.
2. Purpose: Anscombe designed these datasets to show that relying solely on numerical calculations can be misleading; visual analysis is crucial.
3. Graphical Differences:
   • The first graph shows a clear linear relationship.
   • The second graph indicates a non-linear relationship.
   • The third graph is affected by an outlier, which misrepresents the correlation.
   • The fourth graph shows a strong correlation influenced by a single point, despite the other points not indicating a relationship.
4. Educational Tool: Anscombe's quartet is often used to teach the importance of graphical representation in data analysis and the limitations of basic statistics.

Overall, it emphasizes that visualizing data is essential for accurate interpretation and analysis.

A federal judge, William Alsup, is reviewing a proposed $1.5 billion copyright settlement involving Anthropic PBC. He expressed concerns that class attorneys might be making deals that disadvantage authors. The judge denied the motion for approval and requested more information about how claims will be processed for authors involved.

During the hearing, Alsup stated he felt "misled" and was disappointed that key questions about the settlement were left unanswered, such as which works are included and how authors will be notified. He emphasized the need for a clear claims process to protect both authors and Anthropic from future legal issues.

The settlement aims to resolve a class action against Anthropic for using millions of pirated books, and it could set a precedent for other tech companies facing similar claims. The proposed compensation is $3,000 per book. Alsup warned that authors often get overlooked in class actions once compensation is established, so proper notification to class members is crucial.

He instructed the parties to develop a claim form that requires copyright owners to opt-in to the settlement, ensuring that if one owner opts out, the work will not be included. The judge set a deadline of September 15 for a final list of works involved in the settlement, which currently includes around 465,000 titles.

The text discusses the unique experience of listening to music on cassette tapes, highlighting how they offer a different kind of enjoyment compared to digital formats. The author describes their old audio equipment, including a cassette deck, and explains how the sound it produces feels alive and personal.

They emphasize the importance of context in music, noting that songs were originally created with cassettes and FM radio in mind, which influences how they are experienced today. Music triggers strong memories, tying personal experiences to the songs. The author reflects on their own memories associated with listening to albums during walks, and how rituals surrounding listening add to the experience.

The text compares the preservation of music on cassettes to films, arguing that while some remasters may lose the original intent, cassettes maintain the essence of the music and its creators. The unpredictability of finding new and unexpected music on cassettes adds to the joy of listening. Ultimately, cassettes provide a way to connect with the past and discover songs that might otherwise be overlooked.

Summary of PEZY-SC4s at Hot Chips 2025

PEZY Computing is a key player in Japan's supercomputing industry, known for its efficient computing architectures. Their latest chip, PEZY-SC4s, was showcased at Hot Chips 2025, although it’s not yet available for purchase. PEZY's chips have a strong history, with past models ranking highly on the Green500 list for energy efficiency.

Key Features of PEZY-SC4s:

• Efficient Computing: Focuses on high-performance FP64 computing using a large number of execution units that operate at lower power and voltage than typical GPUs.
• Design: The "s" in SC4s indicates a smaller, power-efficient version of their previous chip, PEZY-SC3, with a reduced die size and power draw. SC4s has 512 processing elements (PEs) compared to SC3's 4096.
• Performance: SC4s has improved throughput and is designed to manage latency effectively with fine-grained and coarse-grained multithreading techniques.
• Memory System: It features a multi-level cache system for better performance, including small private caches for each PE and shared caches at higher levels.
• Management Processor: Includes a quad-core RISC-V processor for managing tasks and communication within the chip.
• Connectivity: Uses a PCIe Gen 5 interface for connecting to host systems, which enhances its performance compared to previous models.

PEZY-SC4s aims to provide efficient, high-precision computing, crucial for applications like simulations where accuracy is vital. Japan's continued investment in domestic chip development, as seen with PEZY and Fujitsu, contrasts with other countries that rely on foreign chip designs. This strategy allows Japan to create custom solutions tailored to their specific computing needs.

Overall, PEZY-SC4s represents a step forward in power-efficient supercomputing, targeting applications that demand high precision.

DuckDB's Node.js packages on npm were compromised with malware. An attacker published malicious versions of four packages: @duckdb/node-api, @duckdb/node-bindings, duckdb, and @duckdb/duckdb-wasm. These affected versions (1.3.3 and 1.29.2) were designed to interfere with cryptocurrency transactions.

In response, DuckDB quickly deprecated the compromised versions, contacted npm to delete them, and released safer versions (1.3.4 and 1.30.0). They warned users not to update to the affected versions.

The breach occurred due to a phishing attack where a maintainer was tricked into logging into a fake npm site, allowing the attacker to gain access to publish malicious packages. DuckDB is reviewing their security processes to prevent future incidents. The issue was identified within a few hours, and no one was locked out of their npm account, allowing for a swift response.

Severity: High
CVE ID: CVE-2025-59037

The article discusses the recently released contents of Jeffrey Epstein's 50th birthday book, created by Ghislaine Maxwell in 2003. The book features tributes from Epstein's friends and associates, including a controversial letter from Donald Trump that has sparked denials and lawsuits.

The book contains disturbing accounts of Epstein's sexual behavior, including references to inappropriate actions and a culture of sexual misconduct among powerful people. Notable contributors include former President Bill Clinton and billionaire Leslie Wexner, who have distanced themselves from Epstein but have not commented on the book.

The document fuels conspiracy theories about Epstein's connections to elite figures and suggests that many in his circle were aware of his predatory behavior. While not providing definitive proof of a larger pedophile network, the book highlights the troubling complicity of influential individuals in Epstein's actions.

The media response has been mixed, with some right-wing outlets downplaying the story. Overall, the birthday book serves as a potent reminder of the elite's alleged moral decay and the ongoing intrigue surrounding Epstein's legacy and connections.

At the 2024 Minnesota State Fair, visitors can enjoy live music, thrilling rides, and contests for the best canned goods. They might also drink alcohol, and if they do, local neuroscientists will be there to conduct experiments on them in a fun way.

In August 2025, the delinquency rate for office mortgages in commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS) reached a record 11.7%, surpassing the peak from the Financial Crisis. This sharp increase, from just 1.6% in December 2022, is mainly due to high vacancy rates in older office buildings as companies move to newer spaces.

The delinquency rate for multifamily properties also rose to 6.9%, the highest since December 2015, indicating growing trouble in that sector as well. This puts multifamily loans as the second worst category of commercial real estate, following office loans.

Many lenders are using "extend-and-pretend" strategies, which involve renegotiating loan terms to avoid immediate losses. For instance, a significant $1.04 billion office mortgage in Manhattan was extended for three more years instead of being foreclosed.

Most commercial real estate loans are held by investors rather than banks, reducing the risk to the banking sector. Over half of multifamily loans are backed by government entities like Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, while banks hold a smaller portion. This structure suggests that current challenges in commercial real estate are more likely to impact investors and the government rather than causing a banking crisis.

Summary: Strong Eventual Consistency and CRDTs

CRDTs (Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types) are special data structures that allow for simultaneous editing across multiple nodes, which can then be merged seamlessly. While they are often used for collaborative tasks like document editing and task lists, their real potential lies in distributed databases.

Key concepts include:

• Eventual Consistency: Updates to one node will eventually reach all nodes, and nodes will eventually have the same state if they receive the same updates.

• Strong Eventual Consistency (SEC): Unlike normal eventual consistency, SEC ensures that if two nodes have seen all the same updates, they will have the same state immediately after processing those updates. This means conflicts that arise from independent updates are resolved automatically and predictably.

The benefits of SEC include:

• Low latency, as nodes do not need to coordinate for reads and writes.
• High fault tolerance, allowing the system to function even if most nodes crash.
• Continued operation even if nodes are offline or disconnected for long periods.

In short, Strong Eventual Consistency enhances the reliability and efficiency of systems using CRDTs, making them essential for robust, low-latency applications.

Summary of Dropbox Paper App Discontinuation

• Discontinuation Date: The Dropbox Paper mobile app will be discontinued on October 9, 2025. After this date, the app will stop working and will no longer be available for download.

• Access to Documents: Your Paper documents will remain safely stored in your Dropbox account. You can access and manage them through the web version at paper.dropbox.com on any device.

• Creating and Editing Documents: You can still create and edit Paper documents on your mobile device using the web. Simply log in to the website, create a new document, or edit existing ones.

• Sharing Documents: You can share Paper documents via the web or the Dropbox mobile app. Instructions are provided for both methods.

• Notifications: You will continue to receive notifications about your Paper documents through email and the Dropbox app.

• Desktop App: The Dropbox Paper desktop app will also be discontinued on the same date, but you can still use Paper features through the web.

• Reminder: Users of the mobile or desktop apps will receive a reminder email about this change on October 1, 2025.

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Signal is introducing a new feature called Secure Backups, starting on September 8, 2025. This feature allows users to save their Signal message history, which is especially important for those who might lose or damage their phones. Previously, losing a phone meant losing all conversations, which was frustrating for many users.

Secure Backups are optional and will first be available in the beta version for Android, with plans to roll out to iOS and Desktop later. The backups are end-to-end encrypted and allow users to restore messages easily. Users can back up text messages and media from the last 45 days for free. For longer media storage, a subscription plan is offered at $1.99 per month to cover storage costs.

The backups work using a unique recovery key generated on the user’s device, which is essential for restoring messages. This key is not stored on Signal’s servers, ensuring privacy. Users need to keep this key safe, as losing it means losing access to the backup.

To opt in for Secure Backups, users can adjust settings in the app. The system automatically updates daily, replacing the previous backup. Future enhancements will allow for saving backups in preferred locations and transferring message histories across devices.

Overall, Secure Backups aim to provide peace of mind for users by ensuring they can retain their important conversations even if their devices are lost or damaged.

The author describes their experience managing Reddit's infrastructure, focusing on the importance of Postgres and RabbitMQ, which served as a message broker. RabbitMQ was crucial because it managed tasks in a distributed queue before they reached the database. For instance, when a user upvoted a post, that action was recorded in the queue and cache before being processed and saved in the database.

The task queue system was beneficial because it allowed for:

1. Horizontal Scalability: Multiple tasks could run at once across many servers by adding more workers.
2. Flow Control: The rate of task processing could be managed, such as limiting resource-intensive tasks to prevent overload.
3. Scheduling: Tasks could be scheduled to run at specific times or intervals.

However, the system had vulnerabilities. Issues could arise if databases were down, causing data loss if the queue or processor crashed. The author notes that durable queues, which checkpoint task statuses in a persistent store like Postgres, would have improved reliability by allowing recovery from failures without losing data.

Durable queues have become more popular as they combine task queues with durable workflows, ensuring that all tasks and their relationships are recorded persistently. This allows for easier recovery from interruptions and better observability, as users can easily track the status of tasks through simple SQL queries.

The tradeoff for using durable queues is performance; they typically use slower relational databases instead of faster in-memory stores like Redis. Thus, durable queues are better suited for handling fewer, larger tasks, while distributed task queues are more appropriate for larger volumes of smaller tasks.

Summary: Lossless Audio on Spotify Premium

Spotify Premium has introduced Lossless audio, allowing subscribers to enjoy music in higher quality. This feature is being rolled out to users in selected markets, providing a richer listening experience with audio quality up to 24-bit/44.1 kHz FLAC. Premium users will receive a notification when Lossless is available to them.

The rollout includes customizable audio settings for different connection types (Wi-Fi, cellular, downloads), allowing users to choose from Low to Lossless quality. Lossless can be enabled manually in the app under settings.

For optimal listening, it's recommended to use wired headphones or speakers via Wi-Fi, as Bluetooth may not support Lossless quality. The feature is gradually becoming available in over 50 markets, including the US, UK, and several European countries.

Summary of Apple iPhone 17 Press Release (September 9, 2025)

Apple has launched the iPhone 17, featuring several exciting upgrades:

• Camera Enhancements:

  • A new Center Stage front camera for better selfies and video calls.
  • A powerful 48MP Dual Fusion camera system with a 2x Telephoto lens and an Ultra Wide camera for detailed shots.

• Display Improvements:

  • A larger, 6.3-inch Super Retina XDR display with ProMotion for smoother scrolling and gaming.
  • Ceramic Shield 2 for enhanced durability and scratch resistance.

• Performance:

  • Powered by the new A19 chip, offering faster processing and improved battery life, with up to 30 hours of video playback.

• Storage Options:

  • Available in 256GB and 512GB, starting at $799, which is double the entry storage of the previous model.

• Colors and Design:

  • Offered in five colors: black, lavender, mist blue, sage, and white, with a sleek and durable design.

• Connectivity and Software:

  • Features eSIM for better flexibility and security.
  • Runs on iOS 26, which includes new Apple Intelligence capabilities for translation and improved app experiences.

• Accessories:

  • New cases and a crossbody strap designed for convenience and style.

• Environmental Commitment:

  • Made with 30% recycled materials and aims for carbon neutrality by 2030.

Pre-orders begin on September 12, with availability starting on September 19.

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Summary:

On September 9, 2025, astronomers announced the discovery of a unique gamma-ray burst (GRB) named GRB 250702B, which is unlike any previously observed in over 50 years. This explosion of gamma rays occurred multiple times in a single day and was detected outside our galaxy using the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope (VLT). Typically, GRBs are brief, lasting milliseconds to minutes, but this one lasted about a day, making it 100 to 1000 times longer than usual.

GRBs typically result from massive stars dying or being disrupted by black holes. However, the cause of this particular GRB remains unclear. Initial alerts came from NASA’s Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, which recorded three bursts in a few hours, and evidence suggests the source might be billions of light-years away in another galaxy, which indicates it is much more powerful.

Possible explanations for this GRB include a massive star collapsing or a star being torn apart by a black hole. The researchers are continuing to study the event with various telescopes, including the James Webb Space Telescope, to better understand its origins. The discovery marks a significant advancement in understanding these mysterious cosmic explosions.

The article discusses the origins and development of Web3, emphasizing the importance of cryptography, particularly hardware cryptography, in its evolution. Dina Genkina, a cryptography expert and editor at IEEE Spectrum, explains how cryptocurrency plays a key role in realizing the vision of a decentralized internet. Overall, the focus is on how cryptographic technology underpins the future of Web3.

Summary of X's Recommendation Algorithm

X's Recommendation Algorithm is responsible for delivering posts and content across various areas of the X platform, such as the For You Timeline and Notifications. Here are the key components and functions:

Architecture

• Data Services:

  • tweetypie: Manages post data.
  • unified-user-actions: Tracks real-time user actions.
  • user-signal-service: Collects user interactions (likes, replies, etc.).

• Models:

  • SimClusters: Detects communities within the platform.
  • TwHIN: Creates user and post knowledge representations.
  • trust-and-safety-models: Identifies inappropriate content.
  • real-graph: Predicts user interactions.
  • tweepcred: Measures user reputation.

• Software Frameworks:

  • navi: High-performance model serving.
  • product-mixer: Builds content feeds.
  • timelines-aggregation-framework: Generates features in real-time.

Product Surfaces

• For You Timeline: Combines various services to display personalized content based on user interactions and interests.

  • Candidate Sources: Includes major services like search-index and tweet-mixer.
  • Ranking: Uses light and heavy ranking models to select posts.
  • Post Mixing & Filtering: Constructs the timeline and ensures content quality.

• Recommended Notifications:

  • pushservice: Main service for sending recommendations to users.
  • Ranking Models: Light and heavy rankers determine the relevance of notifications.

Development and Contribution

X encourages community contributions to improve the recommendation algorithm. Users can submit issues and suggestions via GitHub, and any security concerns should be reported through their bug bounty program.

For more details, readers are directed to X's engineering blog and open-source initiative.

Summary: Subsea Cables Cut in the Red Sea Again

Recently, multiple submarine cables in the Red Sea were cut, affecting internet connectivity between Europe and Asia. This area has a history of cable disruptions, often caused by ships dragging their anchors. The latest cuts impacted several cables, including SMW-4 and IMEWE, leading to increased latency for cloud services like Microsoft Azure, AWS, and Google Cloud.

Key Points:

• Cause of Cuts: While the exact cause is still under investigation, it is believed that a ship anchor may be responsible, similar to past incidents in the region.

• Impact on Cloud Services:

  • Microsoft acknowledged increased latency for users in the Middle East.
  • AWS and Google Cloud also experienced latency spikes, affecting connections between different regions.

• Regional Effects:

  • Yemen and the United Arab Emirates faced significant transit losses due to the cuts, with local internet providers losing connections with major transit carriers.
  • India’s internet service providers also reported disruptions.

• Overall Connectivity: Despite the cuts, other major cables remain operational, allowing some internet traffic to continue flowing between Europe and Asia.

• Communication Gaps: There has been a lack of official communication from cable operators about the incidents, leading to misinformation and speculation.

In conclusion, while the recent cable cuts caused disruptions, the overall impact on internet traffic was managed due to the resilience of other existing cables. Improved communication from cable operators is essential to prevent confusion in the future.

MisraStdC Summary

MisraStdC is a modern C11 library that aims to simplify C programming while keeping its performance. It includes features like generic containers, string handling, and formatted input/output, inspired by higher-level languages.

Key Points:

• Not Related to MISRA C: The library's name comes from the author's name, Siddharth Mishra, and is not associated with the MISRA C guidelines.

• Features:

  • Cross-platform Compatibility: Works with MSVC, GCC, and Clang.
  • Type-safe Containers: Includes a generic vector (Vec), string handling (Str), and a key-value map (Map) (work in progress).
  • Formatted I/O: Rust-style type-safe formatted input and output functions.
  • JSON Support: Ability to parse and write JSON.
  • Memory Safety: Ensures proper initialization and cleanup of objects.

• Requirements: Needs a C11 compatible compiler and the Meson build system.

• Installation Steps:

  • Clone the repository.
  • Configure and build using Meson and Ninja.

• Documentation: Comprehensive API documentation is available online.

• Examples Provided:

  • Using the vector container (Vec) to manage integer lists.
  • String operations and formatted output.
  • JSON parsing and writing.
  • Working with complex types that manage resources.
  • Creating and communicating with child processes.

• Format Specifiers: The library supports Rust-style format specifiers for input and output operations, including various types and alignment options.

• Contributing: Open to contributions; details on how to contribute are provided.

• License: The library is in the public domain under the Unlicense, allowing free use, modification, and distribution without attribution.

This library aims to enhance productivity for C programmers while ensuring safety and ease of use.

Summary of Hallucination Risk Calculator & Prompt Re-engineering Toolkit

This toolkit is designed for OpenAI models to manage the risk of generating incorrect or misleading information (hallucinations) without needing to retrain the model. It uses a principle called Expectation-level Decompression Law (EDFL) to evaluate prompts and decide whether to answer or refuse a query based on a set target for accuracy.

Key Features:

• Risk Assessment: The toolkit measures hallucination risk and provides a mathematical framework to support decision-making.
• Two Deployment Modes:
  1. Evidence-based: Prompts include context; irrelevant parts are removed to assess reliability.
  2. Closed-book: Prompts lack evidence, using masking techniques to obscure key information.

Installation:

• Requires installation of the OpenAI Python library and setting an API key.

Core Components:

• Mathematics Framework: Utilizes statistical methods to assess the likelihood of accurate responses versus risks of hallucination.
• Decision Making: The toolkit has rules for deciding when to provide an answer based on calculated risk metrics.

Practical Usage:

• The toolkit can be integrated into applications through a web interface, CLI, or as a desktop app. It generates reports and certificates to validate performance.

Considerations:

• It emphasizes careful calibration and validation to ensure reliable outputs. Users can adjust settings to improve accuracy and stability of responses.

License:

• The toolkit is open-source under the MIT License, developed by Hassana Labs, based on advanced research methodologies.

This toolkit aims to enhance the safety and reliability of responses generated by AI models in various applications.

No summary available.

The text discusses the risks of malware in NPM (Node Package Manager) packages, particularly through phishing attacks. Recently, some packages, like "is-arrayish," have been compromised, allowing malware to manipulate transactions in applications that use them.

When a user sends a transaction, the malware can change the intended recipient's address to one controlled by the attacker. Although the impact seems low, it raises concerns due to the sheer number of downloads these packages receive.

To protect against such attacks, the text introduces "LavaMoat," a tool that enforces strict policies on what packages can access within an app. If a compromised package like "is-arrayish" is used, LavaMoat can prevent it from executing harmful actions, thus safeguarding the app's functionality.

In summary, the text highlights the threat of malware in popular NPM packages and recommends using tools like LavaMoat for better security.

No summary available.

No summary available.

England is facing a water shortage, with reservoirs at their lowest levels in over ten years. The country needs several months of heavy rainfall to relieve the situation. Factors contributing to this issue include climate change, population growth, and excessive water use, which has made the idea of running out of water a real possibility, despite England's reputation for being rainy.

The article discusses the impact of the 1982 film "Tron," directed by Steven Lisberger, on cinema and technology. At the time, computers were mostly seen as military tools or arcade games, but "Tron" introduced audiences to a digital future, addressing themes like artificial intelligence, digital identity, and the power of big tech.

"Tron" was groundbreaking for its use of computer-generated imagery (CGI), featuring 15 minutes of animation that influenced many filmmakers. Despite its innovative techniques, much of the film's aesthetic was created using traditional methods. The story follows a programmer named Flynn, who gets digitized into a virtual world where he battles an AI.

Lisberger's vision for the film was inspired by early computing research and aimed to reflect the potential of personal computing. Though initially not a box office success, "Tron" laid the groundwork for future CGI films and the personal computing revolution, which began with products like the Apple Macintosh. However, Lisberger notes the irony that the tools meant to empower people have also led to negative outcomes, such as misinformation and societal issues. Overall, "Tron" is remembered as a significant cultural artifact that predicted many challenges and developments in technology.

No summary available.

No summary available.

The author is developing an application launcher for Linux called Vicinae, inspired by Raycast. It's built using C++ and Qt Widgets, focusing on deep OS integration and powerful extensions. Vicinae includes custom widgets for efficient item rendering and supports Raycast extensions (using React and TypeScript), although not all features are complete yet. The project aims to be unique and fit the Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) model while remaining compatible with Raycast. The author welcomes feedback and contributions. Documentation and the project repository are available online.

No summary available.

No summary available.

Two college students are developing a new operating system for XR (augmented and virtual reality) with a custom kernel. Their project is open source, and you can find it on GitHub. They have faced criticism for being overly ambitious, but they remain dedicated to their goal.

They frequently receive questions about why they chose to create their own kernel instead of using Linux. Their answer is that a custom kernel allows them to avoid outdated code, optimize performance for XR hardware, and improve efficiency. They clarify that they are not trying to reinvent existing technology, but rather enhance it for better performance.

The article defends the CSV (Comma Separated Values) format against claims that it is outdated or inferior to newer data formats like Parquet or JSON. Here are the key points:

1. Simplicity: CSV is easy to understand and use. It has a straightforward structure where commas separate values and new lines separate rows.

2. Open Format: No one owns CSV, and it has a loose set of guidelines rather than a strict specification, making it a freely accessible format.

3. Text-Based: As a plain text format, CSV can be opened and edited with any text editor, allowing for human readability.

4. Streamable: CSV can be processed row by row with minimal memory usage, making it efficient for handling large datasets.

5. Appending Data: It’s easy and efficient to add new rows to a CSV file without complex procedures, unlike many column-oriented formats.

6. Dynamic Typing: CSV allows flexibility in data representation, which can be beneficial when working across different programming languages.

7. Conciseness: CSV files are typically smaller than equivalent JSON or XML files due to less repetition of headers and minimal format overhead.

8. Reversibility: A CSV file can still be valid when read in reverse, allowing for efficient reading of the last rows.

9. Endurance: The article suggests that the continued use of CSV indicates its effectiveness, particularly in scenarios where it may not be favored by other formats.

Overall, the author emphasizes that while CSV may not be perfect, it has many strengths that keep it relevant in data handling.

The paper discusses how to combine functional and object-oriented programming to improve software design and reusability. Often, programmers need to modify tools or data types without changing existing code. However, traditional programming methods do not easily allow for both modifications at the same time. Functional programming is good at adding tools, while object-oriented programming allows for extending data types or tools, but not both together. The authors propose a new design pattern that merges the strengths of both programming styles, resolving the conflict between them. They also suggest new programming language features to support this integrated approach.

Summary of Claude's New Code Interpreter Announcement (September 9, 2025)

Claude's new feature, called "Upgraded file creation and analysis," allows users to create and edit files like Excel spreadsheets, documents, PowerPoint presentations, and PDFs directly within the Claude.ai platform. This feature is currently available for Max, Team, and Enterprise plan users, with Pro plan access coming soon.

A key aspect of this update is Claude's ability to execute custom Python and Node.js code in a server-side environment, enabling advanced data analysis and visualization. However, this feature also raises privacy concerns, as it grants internet access that could potentially expose user data.

While Claude previously had a similar tool called the "Analysis tool," this new feature operates differently and is more robust, similar to OpenAI's ChatGPT Code Interpreter. Users can upload various file types for analysis, but there's a limit of 30MB per file, which is smaller than ChatGPT's limit.

The author tested the new feature by exploring its capabilities, including running Python code and installing additional packages. They found the feature promising but noted potential risks, such as the possibility of malicious instructions being executed, and advised caution when using it with sensitive data.

Overall, the author is excited about the new capabilities, despite some challenges in using it effectively, and highlighted the difficulty AI companies face in naming and explaining such features.

On March 10, 2025, the author discusses the potential implementation of "contracts" in the C programming language, inspired by similar features in C++. Contracts would add specified conditions (pre- and postconditions) to functions, which are checked during function calls. This would help ensure correctness and allow compilers to optimize code.

Key features of the proposal include:

1. Contract Assertions and Assumptions:

   • contract_assert(COND, "message"): Checks a condition and halts execution if false.
   • contract_assume(COND, "message"): Assumes a condition is true without checking; can lead to undefined behavior if misused.

2. Function Declaration with Contracts:

   • Functions could include preconditions (e.g., input must not be zero) and postconditions (e.g., return value must not be null) directly in their signatures.

3. Inline Functions: Using inline functions can allow conditions to be checked before entering a function, helping the compiler with optimizations.

4. Avoiding Code Duplication: A new mechanism (part of a tool called eĿlipsis) allows for contract conditions to be specified in a way that avoids repeating them in function implementations.

5. Proof of Concept: While this is not yet a fully implementable feature, it shows promise for enhancing C programming by providing clear contracts that improve function reliability and compiler performance.

Overall, the proposal aims to make C safer and more efficient by incorporating contract-based programming, similar to advancements seen in C++.

Korean companies have acknowledged that they are cutting corners when it comes to obtaining U.S. visas. They express that they feel they have little choice in this matter, suggesting that the pressure to meet business demands is forcing them to take these shortcuts.

The article discusses the significant improvements in road safety in Britain over the past century. Here are the key points:

1. Historical Context: A century ago, driving in Britain was dangerous due to a lack of safety features in cars, poor road conditions, and minimal traffic regulations. Road deaths were much higher, with 5,000 to 7,000 fatalities annually.

2. Current Statistics: Today, around 1,700 people die in road accidents each year, despite a dramatic increase in the number of vehicles and miles driven. The death rate per mile driven has decreased 22-fold since 1950.

3. Road Safety Innovations: Key developments that improved road safety include:

   • The introduction of motorways, which are significantly safer than urban and rural roads due to lower traffic density and better design.
   • The implementation of roundabouts, which reduce collision severity compared to traditional intersections.
   • Stricter laws and campaigns against drunk driving, leading to an 82% reduction in fatalities related to alcohol.

4. Vehicle Safety: The adoption of safety measures like motorcycle helmets and mandatory seatbelts has further reduced fatalities. The introduction of crash testing and safety ratings for cars has influenced consumer choices and encouraged manufacturers to enhance vehicle safety.

5. Speed Management: Lower speed limits, especially in urban areas and around schools, have been crucial in protecting vulnerable road users like pedestrians and children.

6. Global Implications: The article emphasizes that while road safety has improved in Britain, globally, about 1.2 million people die in road accidents each year. Learning from Britain's experience could help other countries significantly reduce their road death rates.

Overall, the combination of engineering innovations, legal reforms, and public education has transformed Britain's roads into some of the safest in the world, saving thousands of lives each year.

Summary: Liquid Glass in the Browser: Refraction with CSS and SVG

This article explains how to create a "Liquid Glass" effect similar to Apple's design using CSS and SVG. The effect makes UI elements look like they are made of curved glass that bends light.

Key Points:

1. Introduction to Liquid Glass: Apple showcased the Liquid Glass effect at WWDC 2025, making interface elements appear refractive. The article provides a step-by-step guide to replicate this effect using web technologies.

2. Understanding Refraction: Refraction occurs when light changes direction as it passes through different materials. The article simplifies this concept using Snell's Law, explaining how light behaves at the boundary between two materials.

3. Project Limitations: The project focuses on specific conditions to simplify calculations, like using only one refraction event and 2D shapes.

4. Creating the Glass Surface: The glass surface is defined mathematically. The article outlines how to calculate the thickness and angle of the glass at various points.

5. Simulation of Light Behavior: The article includes simulations demonstrating how light refracts differently through various glass shapes.

6. Displacement Vector Field: It explains how to create a displacement map that shows how light rays are displaced by the glass surface.

7. SVG Displacement Map: The displacement map is implemented using SVG filters, which instruct the browser how to render the effect.

8. Specular Highlight: A shiny edge effect is added to simulate how light interacts with real glass, enhancing the visual appeal.

9. Browser Compatibility: Currently, only Chrome supports the use of SVG filters as backdrop-filters, limiting cross-browser functionality.

10. Real UI Components: The article demonstrates how to apply this effect to various UI components, including a magnifying glass and a music player interface.

11. Conclusion: The prototype captures the essence of Apple's Liquid Glass effect but is still experimental and primarily designed for Chrome. Future improvements are needed for broader compatibility and performance.

Overall, the article serves as a technical guide for developers interested in creating a visually striking Liquid Glass effect for web applications.

Summary:

Stream your coding process in real-time with Shellcast. Here are the key features:

• Real-time Streaming: Share your terminal sessions live with no delay, ideal for tutorials and debugging.
• Security: Automatically hides passwords and sensitive information to protect your data.
• Easy Sharing: Viewers can watch your session through a simple URL, with no setup needed.
• Cross-Platform: Works on Windows, macOS, and Linux, allowing streaming and viewing from any device.

No summary available.

No summary available.

Summary:

Many developers prefer using print debugging over debuggers due to challenges in setting them up and limitations when working in remote environments. However, debuggers offer several advantages:

1. View Call Stack: Debuggers allow you to see the entire call stack and inspect the state at each level, helping you understand how you reached a certain point in the code.

2. Dynamic Expression Evaluation: You can evaluate expressions and modify the program's state while it is running, similar to a REPL (Read-Eval-Print Loop).

3. Catch Exceptions: Debuggers can stop execution right at the point where an exception occurs, making it easier to investigate the cause.

4. Alter Execution: You can change the flow of the program without altering the code, such as by changing a URL for a network call during debugging.

5. Standardized Setup: Using debug configuration files in IDEs like VSCode or IntelliJ helps standardize the development environment for the whole team, making it easier for new contributors to get started.

In conclusion, while print debugging is convenient, debuggers provide powerful features that enhance the debugging process.

Ion.js Summary

Ion is a JavaScript runtime designed to integrate a JavaScript engine into Rust applications. It's particularly useful for creating systems like JavaScript plugins and can also operate as a standalone executable.

Key Features:

• User-friendly API inspired by napi-rs.
• Built on Tokio for event management.
• Easy integration of a standard library.
• Supports multi-threading.
• Provides C Foreign Function Interface (FFI) for ease of use with other languages.

Usage:

• Command Line Interface (CLI): You can build and run Ion using the cargo build command to evaluate JavaScript directly from the terminal.
• Embedding in Rust: You can add Ion to your Rust project using Git and create contexts to execute JavaScript code.

Examples:

• Basic JavaScript execution and returning results.
• Running asynchronous tasks with JavaScript.
• Calling JavaScript functions from separate Rust threads.

Why Choose Ion Over Other Options?

• Unlike Node.js, which is cumbersome to embed and requires dynamic linking, Ion is designed for easier integration.
• Deno, while Rust-based, has a complex user interface and tightly coupled components, making it less practical for embedding.
• Bun is not embeddable at all.

Technical Overview:

• Ion is built on Rust, using the V8 engine for JavaScript and Tokio for the event loop.
• It features a structured approach with components like JsRuntime (the JavaScript engine), JsWorker (isolated environments for executing JavaScript), and JsContext (specific execution contexts).
• The event loop is multi-threaded, allowing for efficient execution of tasks without interfering with the JavaScript engine.

Overall, Ion offers a flexible, efficient, and user-friendly way to incorporate JavaScript into Rust applications, making it suitable for various use cases like plugin systems and server-side rendering.

Opinions on artificial intelligence (AI) vary greatly. Some people believe AI will lead to great economic growth and advancements in science, potentially even making humans immortal. Others fear that AI will cause significant job losses and could become dangerous to humanity. A recent paper by Princeton University scientists Arvind Narayanan and Sayash Kapoor presents a more balanced view, suggesting we should see AI as just another normal technology. This perspective has sparked discussions among AI researchers and economists.

The text discusses the significance of "Deluxe Paint" software on the Commodore Amiga, highlighting its role as a "killer app" that influenced computer purchases. The author reflects on their personal experience with the software, describing how it captivated even their technophobic mother and led to upgrading their family computer to the Amiga.

The author reminisces about their youthful fascination with the Amiga’s capabilities, particularly the artistic features of Deluxe Paint, such as pixel manipulation, color mixing, and animation tools. They evaluate Deluxe Paint III, the last version created by Dan Silva, noting its user-friendly interface and effective tools for artists, despite some limitations like the absence of layers.

Throughout the review, the author contrasts Deluxe Paint's intuitive, keyboard-driven approach with modern software’s complex UIs, suggesting that the simplicity and collaboration of tools in Deluxe Paint foster creativity. They express a renewed appreciation for the software, emphasizing its lasting appeal and the joy of reconnecting with it after many years.

The review concludes with suggestions for improving the experience of using Deluxe Paint today, including tips for emulation and workarounds for its limitations. Overall, it celebrates Deluxe Paint as a remarkable tool for digital expression that still holds value in modern artistic endeavors.

Japan continues to invest in custom floating point accelerators, particularly from Pezy Computing, due to the growing demand for high-performance computing (HPC) and artificial intelligence (AI). Over the past two decades, AI servers, often powered by GPUs, have become central to computing, but there is still potential for alternative architectures to enhance energy efficiency.

Pezy Computing has been developing math accelerators that rival GPUs but with a focus on energy efficiency. Their latest chip, the Pezy-SC4s, features significant advancements, including a higher core count, increased clock speeds, and improved memory bandwidth, while also incorporating RISC-V cores that allow it to operate independently without needing additional processors.

The Pezy architecture uses a unique programming model that balances compute capabilities with memory efficiency, enabling better performance in various applications. The SC4s chip has shown promising performance metrics, and future versions, like the anticipated SC5s, are expected to further enhance floating point performance per watt.

Investing in these custom accelerators allows Japan to maintain its technological independence and ensure readiness for any potential supply chain issues with GPUs. This strategic move not only supports Japan's HPC goals but also fosters local innovation in computing technology.

The article discusses the potential of polylaminin, a polymer form of laminin, as a treatment for spinal cord injuries (SCI). Laminin is a protein that helps with nerve development and repair, but using it directly has not shown significant benefits in SCI treatment. Researchers tested polylaminin in rats with SCI and found that an injection improved motor function and encouraged nerve regrowth.

Key findings include:

• Polylaminin injections led to better mobility in rats after serious spinal injuries.
• Neurons showed signs of regrowth, indicating that polylaminin helps repair damaged nerves.
• The treatment also appeared to reduce inflammation, contributing to quicker recovery.
• In contrast, non-polymerized laminin did not provide the same benefits.

Overall, the study suggests that polylaminin could be a promising therapy for treating human spinal cord injuries due to its supportive role in tissue preservation and nerve regeneration.

The author discusses the unique feelings and experiences they have while coding in various programming languages. They describe how different languages evoke different sensations. For example:

• Coding in C-like languages feels precarious, like balancing on a high wire, while closing braces brings relief.
• Working with functional languages, like Haskell, feels like navigating through dark tunnels, requiring mental mapping.
• Writing firmware involves precision and a feeling of being constrained.
• Using tools like GitHub Copilot and Typescript is exhilarating, akin to flying, while returning to Python feels disorienting.

The author wonders if others share these visceral experiences and likens them to a form of synesthesia, though they admit their feelings are subtle. They note that switching contexts in coding can be jarring and that understanding complex systems feels embodied.

They speculate that top engineers may perceive code differently, similar to how chess masters recognize patterns. The author expresses interest in studies on the subjective experience of programming, wishing to explore this connection further.

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