Recently, a phishing attempt targeting crates.io, the main repository for Rust packages, was reported. Several maintainers received a phishing email that directed them to a fake GitHub login page. The crates.io team is aware of the situation and is investigating but has not found any compromised packages yet.

For more details, you can check the Rust Security Response Working Group's blog and the ongoing discussion on GitHub.

The text discusses how many difficult programming problems, often encountered in coding interviews, can be more easily solved using constraint solvers rather than traditional coding methods.

Key points include:

1. Problem Example: The author shares their experience with the "change counter" problem, which requires finding the minimum number of coins needed for a specified amount. They initially used a greedy algorithm, which failed for certain coin denominations, highlighting that dynamic programming would be the optimal solution. However, using a constraint solver can simplify the problem significantly.

2. Using Constraint Solvers: The author emphasizes that constraint solvers, like MiniZinc, can efficiently handle optimization problems that are complex in traditional programming languages. They provide examples of problems (like stock trading and finding subsets of numbers) that can be expressed as constraint problems, making them easier to solve using such tools.

3. Flexibility of Solvers: They note that constraint solvers can adapt more easily to new constraints in a problem compared to writing new algorithms from scratch. For instance, modifying a stock trading problem to include limits on the number of transactions becomes simpler when using a constraint solver.

4. Complexity Considerations: While the runtime of constraint solvers can be unpredictable and may not always outperform a well-optimized custom algorithm, they are often better than poorly written bespoke solutions and excel at handling various constraints.

5. Broader Implications: The author suggests that using constraint solvers could make solving common interview questions less daunting and more engaging, potentially offering better learning opportunities about optimization techniques.

In summary, the text advocates for utilizing constraint solvers to tackle complex coding problems more efficiently, particularly in interview settings.

Summary of 3D Modeling with Paper

The author shares their experience with paper modeling (papercraft), where 3D models are created from paper parts that are cut and glued together. This hobby is accessible, combining creativity and technical skills, and allows for the creation of complex models limited only by one’s patience and imagination.

The author recently designed a model of the SR-71 Blackbird plane, detailing the entire process from design to assembly. Key points include:

1. Constraints: The model must be made from paper, use solid colors, and be designed as simple polyhedra without curves or intricate details. These constraints ensure the model is easier to assemble and structurally sound.

2. Goals: The primary goals are ease of assembly, aesthetic appeal, and minimal resource consumption. There are trade-offs between these goals during the design process.

3. Design Steps:

   • Mesh Modeling: Creating a 3D representation using polygons. The challenge is to balance detail and ease of assembly.
   • Mesh Unfolding: Converting the 3D model into a 2D template for printing. A good layout enhances the assembly experience.
   • Assembly: Involves cutting, scoring, folding, and gluing parts together. Using the right tools and techniques is essential for a successful build.

4. Assembly Tips: Apply minimal glue, start with complex parts, and finish with less visible areas for a neat final appearance.

5. Final Model: The completed SR-71 model took several months to design and refine, with iterations improving details and reducing complexity.

The author invites readers to try making the model themselves by providing downloadable templates.

Summary of "A Beginner's Guide to Extending Emacs"

This guide provides an introduction to extending Emacs, focusing on its features of extensibility and introspectability without requiring prior knowledge of Emacs Lisp. The author shares a personal experience of transitioning from pre-configured Emacs distributions (like Spacemacs or Doom Emacs) to custom configurations, using the example of working with reStructuredText (reST) for documentation.

Key Points:

1. Why Emacs?: The post emphasizes the advantages of Emacs, particularly its ability to be customized extensively and its long history of development.

2. Understanding Elisp: Users are encouraged to learn some basic Emacs Lisp (Elisp) syntax, which uses lots of parentheses but behaves similarly to other programming languages.

3. Working with Completions: The guide explains how to create a completion function for reST references, which involves:

   • Identifying the text to be replaced.
   • Gathering a list of potential reference candidates from the document.
   • Returning this list in a format that Emacs can use for auto-completion.

4. Using Regular Expressions: Regular expressions are crucial for parsing text in Emacs. The guide introduces tools like the re-builder and the rx macro for building regex patterns more easily.

5. Integration into Emacs: The custom completion function can be integrated into Emacs so that it automatically activates when editing reST files, making the process seamless.

6. Future Enhancements: The author suggests potential improvements, such as creating a minor mode for better reference management across files and using advanced completion frameworks for richer user experiences.

Overall, this guide serves as a practical starting point for beginners looking to customize their Emacs setup, particularly for documentation writing.

Bitcoin Brief: The Real Web 3.0 by Marty Bent

This text discusses Bitcoin and its role in the future of the internet, often referred to as Web 3.0. Key points include:

1. Bitcoin's Importance: Bitcoin is seen as a crucial element of the decentralized internet, offering a way to control digital assets without relying on central authorities.

2. Decentralization: Web 3.0 emphasizes user control and privacy, and Bitcoin supports this by allowing peer-to-peer transactions.

3. Financial Freedom: Bitcoin provides individuals with the ability to manage their own finances, promoting financial independence.

4. Innovation: The integration of Bitcoin into various applications can lead to new business models and innovations in the digital space.

Overall, the text highlights how Bitcoin can shape a more open and user-focused internet.

No summary available.

Summary of Windows-Use

Windows-Use is an automation tool that allows AI agents to directly perform tasks on the Windows operating system, like opening applications, clicking buttons, and executing commands, without needing traditional computer vision methods.

Installation Requirements:

• Python version 3.12 or higher
• A package installer (UV or pip)
• Windows operating system (7, 8, 10, or 11)

Installation Steps:

• To install via uv: uv pip install windows-use
• To install via pip: pip install windows-use

Basic Usage:

1. Import necessary libraries in a Python script.
2. Load your environment variables.
3. Create an AI model instance and an agent.
4. Enter your task as input and execute it.

Running the Agent: You can run the script using the command: python main.py and follow the prompt to enter your task.

Caution: Since the agent operates at the GUI level, it may cause unintended changes to your system if not used carefully. It’s recommended to run it in a safe environment.

License and Contribution: Windows-Use is licensed under the MIT License, and contributions are welcome.

Creator: Developed by Jeomon George.

For more information, visit the GitHub page.

The author has created a web desktop operating system called DWS OS, inspired by the aesthetics and concepts of Plan9. The main features of DWS OS include a virtual filesystem, an ACME-like text editor, a file browser, and a simple internet browser. Users can upload and download files, program with JavaScript in the ACME editor, and build GUI applications. Additionally, users can export and import their OS state as JSON for sharing. The author invites feedback and encourages others to create interesting projects within DWS OS.

No summary available.

Summary of Ten Years of D3D12

Direct3D 12 (D3D12) has been part of Windows 10 since its release in July 2015, marking ten years of updates and enhancements. Over this period, D3D12 has introduced many new features, such as:

• Core API Additions: Key improvements include programmable sample points, view instancing, variable rate shading (VRS), and enhanced rendering capabilities like ray tracing and work graphs.
• Shader Features: New shader capabilities have been added, including wave operations, support for 16-bit data types, and dynamic resource management.
• Developer Tools: Enhancements like the Agility SDK and improved debugging tools have streamlined the development process.

The author reflects on their personal development journey, noting how updates have made coding more efficient. They have embraced new techniques like bindless resource management and improved code sharing between HLSL and C++.

Overall, D3D12 has evolved significantly over the past decade, offering developers powerful tools and features for advanced graphics programming.

No summary available.

A Norwegian company named Ro Marine has been involved in a significant fraud scheme, providing fake insurance for over 100 ships, particularly those transporting Russian oil and military goods. The company operated without proper authorization and issued illegitimate insurance documents, which allowed these vessels to evade Western sanctions.

The owner of Ro Marine, Andrey Mochalin, a Russian with prior experience at a legitimate Norwegian insurance firm, has been charged with forgery and running an unlicensed insurance business. His actions raised concerns among experts, who fear this could undermine trust in Norway's maritime industry.

The fraudulent insurance policies mainly benefited ships in the "shadow fleet," which are often older vessels that evade sanctions. This situation poses risks to maritime safety and the environment, as many of these ships lack proper insurance coverage.

Following revelations about the fraud, several countries, including Panama and the UK, have taken steps to penalize Ro Marine, while investigations continue into the full extent of the operation and its implications for international sanctions against Russia.

The author shares their experience of transforming a bulky, old 1986 Macintosh Plus into a compact, rack-mounted version called "Racintosh Plus." They found the original computer on a college campus and have been using it in their music studio since. The original machine has several issues, such as size, heat, and aging components.

To create Racintosh Plus, the author used a spare logic board and incorporated modern technology, including a Raspberry Pi for video conversion and a BlueSCSI board for internal storage. They faced challenges with floppy drive emulation and power supply, but creatively adapted components to fit in a 1U high rack chassis.

3D printing and laser etching were used for custom parts and decorations, while software was configured to run System 7.1, enabling various music and design applications. The project also includes plans for networking and time-setting adjustments for the old system. Overall, this project balances nostalgia with modern functionality.

The text discusses the redesign of the PostHog website, which aims to improve user experience by making it feel more like an operating system. The author, Cory Watilo, highlights issues with traditional website layouts, such as long scrolling and indistinguishable tabs, especially on sites with many products.

Key features of the new site include:

• The ability to multitask by opening multiple articles at once.
• An interface that includes window snapping, keyboard shortcuts, and a bookmark app.
• A design that incorporates elements resembling a file explorer, PowerPoint presentations, and more.

The redesign allows for a more engaging experience, with content organized in a way that promotes interaction rather than just scrolling. The technical aspects include using JSON files for dynamic content presentation and maintaining a consistent theme across the site.

Overall, the new PostHog.com is designed to be user-friendly, encouraging exploration and interaction. The author invites users to try it out and enjoy the new features.

oq - OpenAPI Spec Viewer

Overview:
oq is a terminal tool for viewing OpenAPI specifications (OAS).

Usage:
You can open an OpenAPI file using:

• oq openapi.yaml
• cat openapi.yaml | oq
• curl https://api.example.com/openapi.json | oq

Keyboard Shortcuts:

• Use ↑/↓ or k/j to navigate items.
• Press Tab to switch views between Endpoints and Components.
• Hit Enter or Space to expand/collapse details.
• Press q or Ctrl+C to exit.

OpenAPI Support:
oq supports OpenAPI versions 3.0.x and 3.1.x, in both JSON and YAML formats.

Installation:
To install from source, run:

1. git clone [email protected]:plutov/oq.git
2. cd oq
3. go build -o oq .

License:
Licensed under the MIT License. See the LICENSE file for details.

Contributing:
Contributions are welcome! Please submit issues and pull requests. Ensure tests pass with go test -v and test with both OpenAPI versions 3.0 and 3.1.

No summary available.

Summary of Nyquist and Lisp Programming

Nyquist is a programming language created by Roger B. Dannenberg for audio synthesis and analysis. It supports various functionalities like MIDI, audio playback, and debugging. Audacity, a popular audio editing software, uses Nyquist for creating audio effects and allows users to write plugins using Nyquist functions.

Key Points:

1. Nyquist Features:

   • Designed for audio tasks, including recording and playback.
   • Allows users to write plugins in plain text, without needing to compile them.
   • Supports two syntaxes: Lisp and a C-like syntax called SAL.

2. Lisp Basics:

   • Nyquist is based on Lisp, where everything is represented as S-expressions (lists of tokens in parentheses).
   • Functions are called using prefix notation, meaning the function name comes before its arguments.
   • Example: (setf area (* 3.14159 (expt radius 2))) calculates the area of a circle.

3. Common Functions:

   • Nyquist provides various mathematical and list manipulation functions.
   • Basic math functions include addition (+ a b), subtraction (- a b), and others for min, max, absolute value, etc.
   • List functions allow you to manipulate lists, such as finding the first element or appending lists.

4. Conditional Expressions:

   • Nyquist supports conditional statements like if, when, and cond for decision-making in code.

5. Resources:

   • Users can refer to specific manuals for guidance on writing plugins and using Nyquist with Audacity.

This summary simplifies the concepts of Nyquist and Lisp, highlighting their applications and key functionalities.

No summary available.

This text provides information about a project called GTK1, which is a classic GUI library compatible with Windows, Linux, and MacOS. Key details include:

• Project ID: 17310408
• Languages used: C++ and C
• Repository includes 108 commits and 1 branch, but no tags.
• The project was created on March 5, 2020.
• Options to clone the project via SSH or HTTPS, as well as to download the source code in various formats.

Overall, GTK1 is a graphical user interface library for multiple operating systems.

Doom Emacs Ada Module Summary

The Doom Emacs Ada module offers:

• Tree-sitter Highlighting: Improved code highlighting with ada-ts-mode.
• LSP Support: Integration with the Ada Language Server for better coding assistance.
• Autocomplete: Uses company-capf for code completion.
• Alire Integration: Easily manage your Ada projects with commands for building, running, and cleaning.

Installation Steps

1. Clone the module into your Doom modules folder:

   git clone https://github.com/tomekw/doom-ada ~/.doom.d/modules/lang/ada
   

2. Enable the module in your ~/.doom.d/init.el file:

   :lang
   ada
   

3. Sync Doom:

   doom sync
   

4. Restart Emacs.

Usage Commands

• SPC m b: Build your project with alr build.
• SPC m r: Run your project with alr run.
• SPC m c: Clean your project with alr clean.

Errors will be shown in the compilation buffer, and eglot will provide inline diagnostics and suggestions.

Requirements

• Alire: A package manager for Ada.
• Ada Language Server: Required for LSP support.

No summary available.

After two years of development, I am excited to launch Beat Maker, a free web-based drum machine designed for both beginners and serious producers. It is user-friendly yet powerful, and can be installed on your home screen for easy access.

Key features include:

• Procedural Sample Generation: Create unique drum samples with just one click, eliminating the hassle of searching through folders.
• Generative Beat Creation: Automatically generate drum patterns to kickstart your creativity.
• Advanced Export Options: Export your work in various formats, including WAV loops, MIDI files, and even a SoundFont drum kit.
• Pocket Operator/Volca Sync: Sync your beats perfectly with hardware devices.
• Per-Note Effects: Add effects to individual notes for more complex rhythms.

The app uses a unique audio engine based on a clean, declarative audio graph, making web audio management simpler. I built the beat generator algorithm from scratch, ensuring originality.

I encourage you to try Beat Maker and share your feedback! For a quick overview, check out the video summary linked above. Thank you!

Fred Rivett shares two important points:

1. Bad news: Your internal sense of identity influences all your actions.
2. Good news: You have the ability to change this identity.

In summary, how you see yourself affects your behavior, but you can work on changing that self-perception.

No summary available.

Summary:

The text describes the Lumina-DiMOO model, a new open-source tool for generating and understanding various types of media, using a unique method called discrete diffusion modeling. This approach allows it to work efficiently with different tasks, such as creating images from text, editing images, and understanding image content. Lumina-DiMOO outperforms existing multimodal models in various benchmarks.

Key points include:

• Model Overview: Lumina-DiMOO utilizes discrete diffusion for better performance in multimodal tasks.
• Capabilities: It can generate images from text, edit images, and understand image content effectively.
• Performance: It achieves state-of-the-art results compared to other open-source models.
• Accessibility: The model's code and resources are available for further research and development.

The document also includes technical details about the model's implementation, including image processing code and demonstration examples of its capabilities. Additionally, it features results from various benchmarks comparing Lumina-DiMOO with other models, indicating its superior performance.

Summary: Emacs Org Data Starter Project

• Project ID: 74190055
• Star rating: 5
• Created on: September 4, 2025
• Current status: 8 commits, 1 branch, no tags
• Options available:
  • Clone the project using SSH or HTTPS
  • Open the project in Visual Studio Code or IntelliJ IDEA
  • Download the source code in various formats (zip, tar.gz, tar.bz2, tar)

This project is focused on managing data in Emacs Org mode.

The text provides information about "tlc3-examples," a package that includes all examples from the third edition of "The LaTeX Companion," published by Addison-Wesley in 2023. The package contains PDFs, source files, and necessary supporting files for Parts I and II.

Key details include:

• ISBN-13: 978-0-13-816648-9
• Maintained by Frank Mittelbach
• Available for download as a zip file (82.4 MB)
• Licensed under The LaTeX Project Public License 1.3c
• Contains examples useful for LaTeX users

There are also links to a bug tracker and the package repository on GitHub, as well as suggestions for related packages. However, there are currently no community comments or ratings for this package.

On September 12, 2025, the Rust Security Response team reported that users of crates.io are being targeted by a phishing campaign. Emails from a suspicious domain (rustfoundation.dev) are falsely claiming that crates.io's infrastructure has been compromised and are asking users to log in to protect their accounts. These emails are designed to steal GitHub credentials, but there is no evidence that crates.io has been compromised. The team is working to shut down the malicious domain and monitor activity on the platform. Users are advised not to click any links in these emails and to report them as phishing. For questions, users can contact [email protected] or [email protected].

This week, I examined the memory systems of two leading AI assistants, ChatGPT and Claude, and found they are fundamentally different.

Claude's Memory System:

1. Blank Slate Start: Claude begins each conversation without any stored user data, activating memory only when prompted.
2. Real-Time Recall: It retrieves information by searching through actual past conversations, without summarizing or compressing data.

Key Tools:

• Conversation Search: This tool allows users to search through their chat history using keywords. For example, when asked about past discussions on a specific topic, Claude finds relevant conversations and summarizes them.
• Recent Chats: This tool provides access to the most recent conversations, allowing users to retrieve chats from specific time frames.

Comparison with ChatGPT:

• ChatGPT has evolved into a consumer-oriented product with automatic memory features for millions of users. It focuses on personalization and ease of use.
• Claude targets a more technical audience who prefers explicit control over memory and values privacy. Its memory operates as a tool rather than an always-on feature.

Conclusion: The difference in memory systems highlights the diverse design choices in AI, reflecting the needs of their respective user bases. As AI technology evolves, both assistants are exploring unique approaches to memory, without a clear best practice established yet.

The U.S. Justice Department has announced a major crackdown on North Korean schemes that involve remote IT workers defrauding American companies to generate illegal income for the North Korean regime. Actions taken include:

• Indictments and Arrests: Charges have been filed against individuals in the U.S. and abroad, and one person has been arrested in New Jersey.
• Financial and Digital Seizures: Authorities seized 29 financial accounts linked to money laundering, 21 fraudulent websites, and about 200 computers used in these schemes.
• Method of Operation: North Korean operatives used stolen or fake identities to secure remote IT jobs with over 100 U.S. companies. They were aided by accomplices in the U.S. and other countries. Their work involved accessing sensitive information, including military technology.
• Fraudulent Gains: One scheme netted over $5 million, while another involved stealing virtual currency worth approximately $900,000.
• Warnings from Officials: Law enforcement officials emphasized the seriousness of these threats to U.S. companies and warned that they will continue to target these criminal networks.

This initiative is part of a broader effort to disrupt North Korea's illicit revenue-generating activities and protect American businesses from cyber threats.

In Bavaria, Germany, residents of an apartment building were disturbed by their doorbells ringing late at night, initially suspecting it was a prank by teenagers. However, when police arrived, they discovered the real culprit was a slug crawling on the doorbell panel. Despite the noise, there was no one at the door, leading to confusion among the residents. The slug's movement had triggered the ringing, even leaving a slime trail on the sensors. Eventually, police removed the slug and relocated it to a nearby grassy area.

Apple's new Live Translation feature for AirPods will not be available to users in the EU due to strict regulations. This means that if a user is in the EU and has an EU Apple account, they won't be able to use this feature when it launches next week. The restrictions are likely due to the EU's Artificial Intelligence Act and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which require compliance regarding privacy and data handling.

Live Translation allows users to communicate hands-free while wearing AirPods, translating conversations in real-time. It will work with AirPods Pro 3 and older models but requires specific software updates on devices. The feature will support translations in several languages, including English, French, German, Portuguese, and Spanish, with more languages planned for later.

Currently, it is unclear when the restriction for EU users will be lifted.

No summary available.

Summary:

Strictly necessary cookies are essential for the website to work properly. They help with security and fraud prevention and allow purchases. You can choose to block these cookies in your browser, but this may cause some features of the site not to work correctly.

ToddlerBot is an affordable, open-source humanoid robot. It's designed for research in robotics and AI, focusing on scalable policy learning.

Bun is a new package manager that installs packages significantly faster than traditional tools like npm, pnpm, and yarn. On average, it is about 7 times faster than npm, 4 times faster than pnpm, and 17 times faster than yarn, especially in large codebases.

The speed of Bun comes from its approach to package installation, treating it as a systems programming challenge rather than just a JavaScript task. This involves minimizing system calls and optimizing file operations. For example, while traditional package managers make many system calls, Bun makes far fewer, which reduces overhead.

Key improvements in Bun include:

1. Direct System Calls: Written in Zig, Bun accesses the operating system directly, avoiding the layers of abstraction that slow down Node.js-based package managers.
2. Efficient DNS Resolution: Bun resolves DNS queries asynchronously, allowing it to perform other tasks while waiting for network responses.
3. Binary Manifest Caching: Instead of parsing JSON files repeatedly, Bun caches package data in a binary format, speeding up access and reducing memory usage.
4. Optimized File Copying: Bun uses advanced methods like copy-on-write to copy files efficiently without duplicating data unnecessarily.
5. Multi-Core Utilization: Bun takes advantage of multi-core CPUs to parallelize tasks, significantly speeding up the installation process compared to single-threaded approaches.

Overall, Bun's design focuses on leveraging modern hardware capabilities to address the bottlenecks that traditional package managers face, resulting in much faster package installations.

In May 2025, the European Union imposed financial sanctions on Stark Industries Solutions Ltd., a bulletproof hosting provider linked to Russian cyberattacks and disinformation efforts, which emerged shortly before Russia's invasion of Ukraine. However, it has been found that these sanctions have been ineffective. Stark Industries quickly rebranded as the[.]hosting and transferred its assets to a new company, PQ Hosting Plus S.R.L., controlled by the same owners, the Neculiti brothers.

The EU sanctioned one of Stark's internet conduits, PQ Hosting, based in Moldova, due to its connections to Russia's hybrid warfare. Before the sanctions were announced, the Neculiti brothers anticipated the actions and were able to relocate their operations. They established new entities to continue their services, making it hard to trace ownership.

Another critical part of Stark's network, MIRhosting, run by Andrey Nesterenko, also plays a role in hosting Stark’s services despite claims that it does not receive complaints about abuse. The report indicates that Stark's operations are largely unchanged, just under new names, highlighting the ineffectiveness of the EU's sanctions.

Summary:

The blog post discusses the use of SQLite with Rails applications, highlighting both its advantages and potential pitfalls. André Arko, an experienced Rails developer, shares insights based on his experience building a side project using SQLite.

Key Points:

1. Simplification: Rails 8 tools make it easier to create apps without needing separate database or caching services, thanks to SQLite being built into the web server process.
2. Potential Risks: SQLite databases can easily be lost if stored on ephemeral filesystems (like those on Heroku or Fly.io), so it’s crucial to keep database files in persistent storage.
3. Single File Limitation: All data, including model data, caches, and background jobs, are stored in one file, which simplifies management but can lead to performance issues when many processes try to access it simultaneously.
4. Scaling Challenges: As demand increases, scaling with SQLite requires moving to larger servers instead of adding more servers, which can lead to contention and slowdowns.
5. Backup Solutions: Using tools like Litestream can help back up SQLite databases by streaming data to S3-compatible storage, providing an easy way to restore data if needed.
6. Distributed Systems: For more advanced setups, LiteFS can enable replication across multiple SQLite instances, though it comes with its own challenges like stale reads.

The overall message emphasizes the simplicity of using SQLite in small projects but warns about scalability and reliability issues that can arise as applications grow.

No summary available.

No summary available.

Researchers have successfully used Crispr gene-editing technology to implant modified pancreatic cells into a man with type 1 diabetes for the first time. These edited cells produced insulin for several months without requiring the patient to take immunosuppressant drugs, which are typically needed to prevent the body from rejecting foreign cells.

The study involved taking pancreatic cells from a deceased donor and using Crispr to make them "hypoimmune," allowing them to avoid detection by the patient's immune system. After implantation, the cells continued to function well, secreting insulin in response to glucose levels.

Although this research is a significant step toward potentially treating type 1 diabetes, it was conducted with only one participant and involved a low dose of cells. More clinical trials are planned for next year to further explore this promising approach in regenerative medicine. However, there are still challenges and criticisms regarding the effectiveness of the method, as other research groups have struggled to replicate the results.

New York City students have been adapting to a new statewide smartphone ban for a week. In response to the ban, teens are using alternative items like Polaroids, walkie-talkies, and playing cards, with games like poker and Uno becoming popular in schools. Some students are enjoying the chance to socialize more and engage with each other without their phones.

While some express concerns about not being able to work on college applications during school hours, many are finding positives, such as increased reading and conversation among peers. Teachers have noticed a more lively atmosphere in hallways compared to last year, when students were often distracted by their phones.

Despite the ban, students are finding ways to communicate, such as using school-issued devices for messaging or sneaking phone breaks outside. Schools have implemented various strategies to manage phone storage, which has led to some chaos during pick-up times. Students have mixed feelings about the ban, recognizing both its benefits and the challenges it brings.

No summary available.

No summary available.

The article discusses the deep connection between music and humanity, suggesting that our appreciation for music may be a biological trait that evolved before language. The author created a digital platform called a "melody breeder," where users can select and combine melodies to see how they evolve, similar to biological evolution. This concept is supported by research showing that music evolves through cultural replication and adaptation.

The author draws parallels between musical evolution and biological systems, likening melodies to living organisms that are born, interact, and die. They also compare the spread of popular culture, like the Labubu toy phenomenon, to viral outbreaks, highlighting how trends can resemble patterns found in epidemics.

Ultimately, the article emphasizes that both biological and cultural evolution follow similar rules, leading to the rich variety of music and ideas we see in the world. The author shares their passion for coding and how it allows them to explore these concepts creatively.

The Swiss government is proposing a new regulation that would require service providers with over 5,000 users to collect government-issued IDs, keep user data for six months, and potentially disable encryption. This plan has raised concerns among privacy advocates globally, as it could eliminate online anonymity for users, including those outside Switzerland.

Many privacy-focused companies, like Proton, are considering leaving Switzerland due to these proposed laws, which they argue promote mass surveillance. Proton has announced plans to invest over €100 million in the EU and relocate much of its operations because it believes these regulations would be illegal in the EU and the U.S.

Supporters of the proposal, including Swiss official Jean-Louis Biberstein, argue that it is necessary to combat cybercrime and terrorism. However, critics express worries that it undermines privacy rights and could lead to government overreach. The proposed regulation has not yet been implemented and will undergo a public consultation process.

If enacted, the regulation would force users to provide official identification to access services, and law enforcement could easily request access to extensive user data without strong legal checks. Advocates warn that this could endanger the safety of various vulnerable groups who rely on online privacy.

Ronak Singhal, the chief architect of Intel's Xeon server CPUs, is leaving the company after nearly 30 years. He has played a crucial role in developing significant Intel processors, including the Haswell and Broadwell architectures, and holds over 30 patents. Despite his contributions, Intel's Xeon division has faced strong competition from AMD and Arm-based processors, which now hold substantial market shares.

Singhal's departure is part of a larger trend of executive turnover at Intel, which has seen several key figures leave recently. The company is undergoing significant changes in its management structure. Intel confirmed Singhal's exit but did not provide further comments.

No summary available.

The author has created a payments platform called Small Transfers, designed for SaaS and API developers who want to charge customers based on usage rather than forcing them into subscriptions.

Key Points:

• Problem Addressed:

  • Many customers dislike subscriptions and prefer occasional use.
  • Traditional payment processors charge fixed fees, making small transactions (under $1) impractical.
  • Existing solutions require extra work for merchants, such as managing authentication and separate charges.

• How Small Transfers Works:

  • Merchants link their Small Transfers account to their Stripe account for payouts.
  • Customers create accounts verified through Google Sign-In and other security measures.
  • Merchants can charge customers using a simple REST API, with minimum charges as low as 0.000001 USD.
  • The platform manages customer payments and merchant payouts, charging merchants a flat fee of 3%.

• Resources:

  • A Next.js Starter project and a live demo are available for potential users.
  • The author is seeking feedback on the platform and is looking for more merchants to test it.

The author has been using the platform with their own service and is open to answering questions and discussing integration help.

A developer has created a webpage that features a searchable table of all C++ features introduced since C++20. This site is designed to be a quick reference for C++ developers, helping with cross-platform development and keeping track of feature support. It aims to be a simpler and more organized alternative to the existing cppreference compiler support site. Currently, it does not include LWG and CWG papers, but the developer plans to update the site regularly. Feedback and suggestions are welcome through comments or GitHub issues.

Jetzig Web Framework Summary

• Overview: Jetzig is an open-source web framework licensed under MIT and written in the Zig programming language.

• Routing: It features simple, file-based routing for RESTful Zig functions, with options for custom routes.

• HTML Templating: Uses Zmpl for templating, which supports layouts, partials, and static content rendering at build time.

• JSON Support: All endpoints automatically respond with JSON, making it easy to create a RESTful API.

• Performance: Built on http.zig, Jetzig offers competitive speed and scalability.

• Tooling: Includes user-friendly command-line tools for project creation and component addition.

• Middleware: Allows for request/response manipulation with a customizable middleware chain, including built-in support for htmx.

• Sessions: Provides built-in handling for cookies, user sessions, and request/response headers.

• Community: Join the friendly and active community on Discord.

• Open Source: Jetzig is free, open-source, and will always remain so, under the MIT license.

• Database: Comes with a powerful database layer called JetQuery.

• Getting Started: Check out examples or the documentation to learn more.

Summary of NT OS Kernel Information Disclosure Vulnerability – CVE-2025-53136

On September 11, 2025, a new vulnerability in the Windows NT OS kernel was discovered, identified as CVE-2025-53136. This issue stems from a mistake made by Microsoft while addressing a previous vulnerability (CVE-2024-43511) in the kernel. The new bug allows attackers to leak kernel memory addresses, making it easier to exploit the system.

Key Points:

1. Background: Microsoft previously implemented measures to prevent kernel address leaks in Windows 11 and Server 2022. However, a flaw in a recent patch inadvertently reintroduced a way to leak kernel addresses.

2. Vulnerability Details: The bug involves a race condition that can be exploited to read kernel addresses through a specific system call (NtQueryInformationToken). This exploit can be executed from low privilege levels, increasing its severity.

3. Exploitation Method: To exploit the bug, two threads are created: one reads a specific memory location, and the other repeatedly calls the vulnerable syscall to obtain the leaked address. The process is reliable because the timing window for the race condition is sufficiently large.

4. Impact: This vulnerability is particularly dangerous for Windows versions 24H2 and later, as it can lead to privilege escalation if combined with other weaknesses.

5. Disclosure Timeline: The vulnerability was reported to Microsoft on April 8, 2025. After some back and forth, it was acknowledged, and a CVE identifier was assigned on August 1, 2025.

In conclusion, this vulnerability highlights the importance of thorough patch analysis and careful coding practices to prevent new bugs from being introduced during updates.

No summary available.

This text is a comprehensive guide on structured logging in Go using the new log/slog package introduced in Go 1.21. It covers the following key points:

1. Overview of log/slog: The log/slog package provides a high-performance structured logging solution that separates logging logic from output formatting. It consists of three main components: Logger (frontend), Handler (backend), and Record (log event data).

2. Core Components:

   • Logger: Used to create logs with methods like Info(), Warn(), and Error().
   • Handler: Formats and outputs logs (e.g., as JSON or plain text). Custom handlers can also be created.
   • Records: Represent individual log events, including time, severity, message, and attributes.

3. Logging Levels: The package operates with four severity levels: Debug, Info, Warn, and Error, with default logging set to Info.

4. Structured Logging: Users can add key-value attributes to logs, but it's recommended to use strongly-typed attributes (slog.Attr) to avoid errors in log entries.

5. Error Logging: Structured error logging captures rich context alongside errors, enhancing debugging.

6. Performance Considerations: While slog is designed for performance, it may be slower than optimized third-party libraries like zerolog. Users should evaluate their needs to determine if they should stick with slog or switch to a faster alternative.

7. Observability Integration: The guide emphasizes the importance of integrating logging with observability tools, such as OpenTelemetry, to create a centralized logging system that enhances monitoring and troubleshooting capabilities.

8. Best Practices: Recommendations include using context-aware logging, implementing LogValuer for sensitive data control, and employing linting tools to enforce logging standards.

Overall, the guide aims to help developers effectively use the log/slog package to improve application observability and debugging through structured logging practices.

No summary available.

The article discusses the aftermath of the assassination of right-wing influencer Charlie Kirk and the controversial response from FBI Director Kash Patel. After Kirk was shot at Utah Valley University, Patel posted on social media about the incident, which led to confusion and criticism due to conflicting information regarding the suspect. This situation highlights a clash between the influencer culture, where quick posts and speculation prevail, and the traditional, careful communication expected from law enforcement.

Patel, who transitioned from a pro-Trump influencer to FBI Director, faced backlash from right-wing figures for his handling of the situation, which was deemed unprofessional. The article emphasizes that the skills needed for online influence do not equate to those required for effective law enforcement. It also notes the rising political violence in the U.S. and the potential implications of social media speculation on public trust and investigations.

Overall, the piece critiques the current FBI leadership's approach and the challenges they face in a politically charged environment, suggesting that their focus on social media engagement may hinder their ability to effectively manage serious investigations.

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Summary of "Making io_uring pervasive in QEMU" by Stefan Hajnoczi

1. Introduction to io_uring:

   • io_uring is a new API for asynchronous I/O introduced in Linux version 5.1 in 2019. It supports operations like reading, writing, and monitoring file descriptors.

2. QEMU's Adoption of io_uring:

   • QEMU added io_uring support in version 5.0 (2020) through a new option for handling disk I/O, which performs similarly or better than previous methods.

3. Expansion of io_uring:

   • By 2025, io_uring has grown to include 63 operations beyond just disk I/O, such as network I/O, timeouts, and synchronization features.

4. Integration Goals for QEMU:

   • QEMU aims to enable not just disk I/O but also other types of I/O using io_uring. This requires a simple API, integration with QEMU’s event loop, and the ability to support custom commands.

5. How io_uring Works:

   • io_uring allows multiple I/O requests to be submitted and completed in batches, which reduces the number of system calls and overhead compared to traditional methods.

6. Polling Techniques:

   • QEMU can use polling techniques to check for completed requests without needing additional system calls, which aligns with its event loop design.

7. Modes Not Used by QEMU:

   • QEMU does not implement certain modes like SQPOLL and IOPOLL, as they do not fit well with its architecture or have limitations.

This summary captures the main points about io_uring's development and integration into QEMU, highlighting its benefits and future directions.

Apple recently announced new security technology for its iPhone 17 and iPhone Air called Memory Integrity Enforcement (MIE). This feature is designed to combat memory corruption vulnerabilities, which are commonly exploited by spyware and phone forensic tools used by law enforcement.

MIE helps to prevent hackers from accessing a device's memory, making the new iPhones some of the most secure devices available. Experts believe that this technology will increase the cost and difficulty for those developing spyware, as existing exploits may become ineffective with the new iPhones.

While MIE is not completely hack-proof, it significantly raises the security level. It uses a system where each piece of memory has a unique tag, allowing only authorized apps to access it. If an unauthorized app tries to access it, it will crash, helping to identify potential attacks.

MIE will be enabled by default across the system, protecting apps like Safari and iMessage. However, third-party apps will need to implement this technology to enhance their security.

Overall, MIE is a major advancement in mobile security, but some attackers may still find ways to bypass it.

The Manhattan Project was the U.S. government's initiative during World War II to develop the atomic bomb. It began in June 1942 and involved a massive industrial effort, requiring the construction of large factories and the invention of new technologies to produce fissile materials like uranium-235 and plutonium.

Key points include:

1. Scale and Complexity: The project was not just scientific; it involved unprecedented industrial operations, requiring vast amounts of new equipment and materials, and the development of new production methods.

2. Uncertainty and Speed: There was significant uncertainty about how to create an atomic bomb, including which materials to use and how to produce them efficiently. The urgency of the war meant multiple approaches were pursued simultaneously without waiting for complete information.

3. Funding and Resources: Unlike typical projects constrained by funding and economic returns, the Manhattan Project had virtually unlimited resources, allowing for extensive exploration of various methods.

4. Development of Facilities: Major production sites were established, like Oak Ridge for uranium and Hanford for plutonium, each facing unique challenges related to construction, operation, and the need for specialized equipment.

5. Concurrent Research: Research on bomb design occurred at Los Alamos, where teams worked on various bomb mechanisms, including gun-type and implosion designs, often facing unknown factors that required innovative solutions.

6. Final Outcomes: The project successfully produced two types of bombs: one using uranium (Little Boy) and another using plutonium (Fat Man), which were dropped on Japan in 1945, leading to the end of World War II.

Overall, the Manhattan Project illustrates the complexities of technological development under pressure, highlighting the importance of exploration and experimentation in overcoming uncertainty.

The text compares the lunar photography capabilities of the Seestar S50 smart telescope and the Samsung S25 smartphone.

Key Points:

1. Purpose of Comparison: The author wanted to see how much better a telescope is for photographing the moon compared to a smartphone.

2. Equipment Used:

   • Seestar S50: A smart telescope designed for astrophotography with better light-gathering and tracking features.
   • Samsung S25: A smartphone using its built-in camera.

3. First Impressions:

   • The Samsung S25 performed well, capturing clear images of the moon's features.
   • The Seestar S50 revealed much more detail, including smaller craters and better contrast.

4. Reasons for the Difference:

   • Aperture: The telescope collects more light, allowing for finer details.
   • Stability & Tracking: The telescope is stable and follows the moon, reducing blur.
   • Dedicated Optics: The telescope is designed for high magnification, unlike the phone's camera.

5. Conclusion:

   • A smartphone is sufficient for casual photography and sharing on social media.
   • For detailed lunar observation and photography, a telescope provides superior results.

Overall, while smartphones make astrophotography accessible, telescopes offer an enhanced level of detail for enthusiasts.

No summary available.

The text discusses a growing problem in AI research called the "AI alignment crisis." This crisis is caused by the rapid increase in AI alignment research that does not match or coordinate with other similar research. This lack of alignment could lead to serious negative consequences in the future.

Summary of Awesome-Nano-Banana Image Gallery

The Awesome-Nano-Banana image gallery features a collection of impressive images and prompts created using Nano-banana, showcasing Google's capabilities in image generation and editing. The gallery aims to help users explore Nano-banana's creative features through various examples sourced mainly from social media platforms like Twitter/X and Xiaohongshu.

Key Points:

• Introduction: The gallery highlights the versatility of Nano-banana in generating and editing images.
• Updates: The gallery received three major updates in 2025, with the first update occurring on August 28.
• Showcase Cases: There are 68 unique case examples demonstrating different image generation tasks, such as:
  • Creating character designs from images.
  • Editing photos to enhance their quality.
  • Generating infographics and illustrations.
  • Transforming images into different artistic styles.
• Community Contributions: The gallery acknowledges contributions from various users who shared their innovative works.

Users are encouraged to bookmark the gallery and contribute their own creative ideas for future showcases.

Large language models (LLMs) are widely used in businesses, but they come with risks. Guardrails technologies are designed to reduce these risks by filtering the text generated by LLMs. However, creating effective filters is challenging, especially because it's hard to get high-quality labeled data from real LLM outputs before they are used.

To tackle this issue, we introduce a method called backprompting, which helps generate labeled data that mimics real-world scenarios for developing health advice filters. We also use a technique that involves humans in the labeling process to improve the accuracy of the generated data. Our goal is to create a dataset that closely resembles actual LLM outputs.

We tested our approach on a tough task: identifying health advice in LLM outputs. Our detector showed better performance than a more complex model (GPT-4o), achieving up to 3.73% improvement while using significantly fewer resources.

The article discusses GrapheneOS, a secure and privacy-focused Android-based mobile operating system. Recently, there was a social media attack falsely claiming that GrapheneOS had been compromised. The attack misrepresented consent-based data extraction as a breach, which is misleading.

Key Points:

• GrapheneOS: An open-source mobile OS known for its strong security and privacy features, often outperforming iOS in certain areas.

• Digital Forensics: This involves analyzing electronic data for legal evidence. While useful, it can be abused against privacy advocates and journalists.

• Cellebrite: An Israeli company providing digital forensics tools that can extract data from locked devices, often selling to both legitimate governments and authoritarian regimes.

• Data Extraction Methods:

  • Consent-Based Extraction: Users voluntarily unlock their devices for data extraction.
  • Hacking: For locked devices, tools can attempt to hack or guess passwords to access data.
  • GrapheneOS protects against these methods through features like limiting USB connections and using a secure element in newer Pixel phones that slows down brute force attacks.

• Security Features: GrapheneOS includes an auto-reboot feature and advanced security measures to prevent unauthorized access and data extraction.

• Misinformation: The social media attack on GrapheneOS is similar to past incidents where claims about security breaches were proven false.

Overall, GrapheneOS is designed to be highly secure, and its developers are continuously improving its defenses against potential data extraction and hacking attempts.

The blog discusses the ongoing evolution in software development, highlighting the distinction between two types of code: disposable code and durable code.

1. Dual Nature of Code: The software development field is splitting into disposable code, which is quickly created and discarded (like prototypes or experiments), and durable code, which is essential for critical systems (like banking and healthcare) and requires high reliability.

2. Importance of Durable Code: Durable code is crucial when the stakes are high, as it needs to be understandable and maintainable due to its impact on complex systems. It is associated with rigorous standards for maintenance, reliability, and performance.

3. Cost of Software: The main difference between disposable and durable code lies in maintenance costs and the standards set during development. While disposable code is cheap to produce and maintain, durable code requires significant investment in testing and observability to ensure reliability.

4. Role of AI: AI tools are changing how both types of code are developed. For disposable code, AI can speed up the generation process, but it may not create code that is easily understandable. For durable code, AI can assist with complex tasks, making development faster and more efficient.

5. Trust and Reliability: Building trust in code takes time and exposure to real-world conditions. Durable software requires careful, incremental changes to maintain stability and reliability.

6. Future Outlook: While disposable code will increasingly be used for experimentation and prototyping, durable code will remain vital for critical applications. The coexistence of both types of code will be essential for the development process moving forward.

In summary, both disposable and durable code have their places in software development, with durable code being indispensable for critical applications that require trust and reliability. AI tools will enhance both domains, but the need for durable code will persist.

Summary of Simplifying WebRTC Datachannels for Games

During a talk at DWeb Weekend 2025, the speaker discussed simpler alternatives to WebRTC datachannels for game development.

Key Points:

1. WebRTC vs. Websockets:

   • WebRTC is preferred over Websockets for games because Websockets are too slow for real-time gameplay, which often relies on UDP connections.

2. Web Transport:

   • A new replacement for Websockets, using QUIC, is in development but not yet fully functional, particularly on Firefox.

3. WebRTC Datachannels:

   • Datachannels allow sending unreliable packets, which is beneficial for games. They can be used immediately without waiting for Web Transport to finish developing.

4. Benefits of WebRTC:

   • Allows players to host their own games without needing server infrastructure.
   • Minimal server requirements (only need one for signaling).

5. Drawbacks of WebRTC:

   • Complex setup and reliance on multiple servers (signaling and STUN/TURN).

6. Implementations and Libraries:

   • Several libraries and tools exist for WebRTC, such as libwebrtc, Pion, and GameNetworkingSockets, which is used in games like Counter-Strike.

7. Real-World Applications:

   • Examples of games using WebRTC include WebXash3D and Hypersomnia, demonstrating its versatility and cross-platform capabilities.

8. Development Choices:

   • The speaker prefers using Go for development due to its efficiency and active community support over Rust.

9. Ebitengine:

   • A versatile 2D game engine compatible across platforms, allowing for potential crossplay between consoles and browsers.

10. Future Possibilities:

    • WebRTC could enable games like Minecraft to function without dedicated servers, allowing players to host everything themselves.

The presentation concluded with gratitude to various communities that contributed to this journey.

Jesse and Gautham are developing a tool called Ghostship, which helps find bugs in web applications. Users can enter a URL and describe a user journey, and Ghostship will simulate the journey to identify bugs, including edge cases.

They created this tool because, as developers, they often shipped bugs due to inadequate testing, and existing automated testing tools were difficult to set up and unreliable. Ghostship uses browser agents to navigate the web app like real users, capturing their actions and finding issues.

For example, Ghostship discovered a bug on the YC application page that allowed education dates to be entered in reverse order, which is illogical. Another bug was found in a crypto CRM dashboard related to data corruption.

Developers can sign up for Ghostship to test their web apps and provide feedback. They also offer a demo for integrating Ghostship into CI/CD pipelines.

Palantir Technologies provides software solutions that help government agencies analyze and connect large amounts of data. Its main platforms, Foundry and Gotham, serve different purposes: Foundry is used by businesses, while Gotham is designed for government use, especially in law enforcement and national security.

Gotham allows agencies to integrate fragmented data from various sources, creating detailed profiles of individuals and mapping their networks. This technology significantly speeds up investigations but raises concerns about privacy and government surveillance. Agencies like the Department of Homeland Security and the Department of Defense have invested heavily in Palantir's software, which influences how investigations are conducted and decisions are made.

Critics argue that the proprietary nature of Gotham limits transparency and accountability, making it difficult for the public to understand how decisions are made. This creates risks of mass profiling and can lead to civil liberties violations, especially if the criteria for scrutiny change over time.

The rise of Palantir's technology signifies a shift in governance, where decision-making increasingly relies on data patterns rather than traditional evidence. This could erode legal safeguards and normalize extensive surveillance practices. As Palantir expands its role in government, the need for strong oversight and clear regulations becomes crucial to protect civil liberties and ensure accountability. Ultimately, the way Palantir's technology is used today will impact the balance between security and freedom in the future.

On November 8, 2018, the Norwegian frigate HNoMS Helge Ingstad collided with the oil tanker Sola TS while returning home after a NATO exercise. The frigate was significantly damaged, leading to flooding and loss of control, eventually running aground. Fortunately, there were no fatalities, but the incident resulted in an estimated $80 million in salvage costs and the ship was declared a total loss.

The accident was attributed to human error, particularly on the bridge of the frigate. The officer on watch was inexperienced, and the ship was not transmitting its position on the AIS system, leading to confusion among crew members and failure to recognize the impending collision. The tanker attempted to communicate, but the frigate’s bridge crew misidentified the situation, resulting in the collision.

Post-accident investigations highlighted several issues, including inadequate training for the bridge crew, failure to close watertight hatches, and poor communication during the emergency. The Norwegian Navy faced scrutiny for management failures and a lack of qualified personnel.

The incident led to 15 recommendations for improving navigation practices and 28 suggestions for enhancing damage control procedures. Key lessons included the need for better training, the importance of activating AIS in confined waters, and improving damage control training to handle complex emergencies. Overall, the accident raised concerns about the survivability of modern warships and highlighted the need for better operational protocols.

No summary available.

Summary of "Helix: Why (And How) I Use It"

The author shares their experience using Helix, a modal terminal text editor. They appreciate Helix for its unique features, including:

1. Modal Editing: Users interact in different modes, allowing for efficient text manipulation.
2. Terminal-Based UI: Helix operates within a terminal, making it lightweight and responsive but also limiting in some aspects.
3. Good Defaults: Helix has built-in support for many programming languages, requiring little configuration from the user.
4. Selection-First Model: Users select text first and then choose an action, which differs from other editors like Vim.

The author discusses their setup process, including installing Helix via Homebrew and using it in project mode. They highlight the lack of a traditional file explorer and their preference for a "jump to file" feature.

They also mention the need for an external terminal to run commands simultaneously while using Helix, which can complicate workflows.

Keybindings in Helix differ from other editors, requiring some adjustment but ultimately making text manipulation easier. The author found the language server integration beneficial for enhancing coding tasks.

While they enjoy Helix, they recognize its limitations compared to GUI editors, particularly regarding seamless integration of tools. They look forward to future updates, including a potential plugin system, which could improve functionality.

Overall, the author is satisfied with Helix and plans to continue using it, appreciating its efficiency and the learning curve involved in mastering modal editing.

The privacy community is studying new web tracking methods to see if they comply with privacy laws like Europe's GDPR and California's CCPA. Despite many findings showing that many trackers do not follow these laws, enforcement is still weak. This paper looks at how old U.S. wiretapping laws can apply to modern web tracking, which could help improve privacy protections online.

The study specifically investigates a tracking method where third-party trackers use JavaScript to monitor users' keystrokes on websites. By analyzing the top million websites, the researchers found that 38.52% had third-party event listeners that could intercept keystrokes. Additionally, 3.18% of these websites sent the intercepted data to third-party servers, potentially violating wiretapping laws. The intercepted data, like email addresses, is often used for unwanted marketing.

The paper aims to connect technical findings with legal standards, but more research is needed to clarify when these tracking practices may be illegal.

The text discusses performance results of different data processing methods using batch algorithms on an AMD Zen 4 machine. Here are the key points:

1. Performance Results: The document provides timing data for hash tables and sorting methods with different data sizes (8 KiB to 2 GiB), showing that tuned hash tables and sorting methods consistently perform better than their baseline counterparts.

2. Radix Sort Efficiency: Traditional radix sort may require multiple passes (8 for 8-byte keys), which can be inefficient. The text suggests that after a few passes, switching to a simpler algorithm like insertion sort can improve performance. A specific method called Diverting LSD radix sort is noted as effective.

3. Cache Management Challenges: Effective use of CPU cache is crucial for performance. Radix sort needs to manage multiple write pointers in the cache, which can lead to inefficiencies due to the hardware-managed nature of CPU caches. Errors in cache management can increase memory traffic and reduce efficiency.

4. Hash Table Advantages: Hash tables have a more predictable cache performance. They can use prefetch instructions to minimize cache misses and maintain better throughput, reducing the likelihood of performance issues.

5. Meta's F14 Table: Meta's F14 table design optimizes cache usage by placing metadata and data slots together, enhancing performance. However, it still encounters some inefficiencies due to needing multiple cache misses.

6. Probing Strategies: While aligning probe sequences with cache lines can improve efficiency, it may also increase the average length of probes, leading to potential collisions between different keys.

In summary, the text highlights the performance benefits of optimized hash tables and sorting methods, the importance of cache management, and the considerations in designing efficient data structures.

Coralie Mercier informed the W3C group about the passing of Gregg Kellogg, a valued contributor and co-chair of the JSON-LD Working Group. Gregg had been open about his health issues and was known for his significant contributions to various W3C specifications and open-source implementations over the years. He was appreciated for his friendliness and the energy he brought to the community. The group is planning to honor his memory, and anyone interested in paying tribute can contact Pierre-Antoine Champin.

The article discusses the origins of the iconic white hats worn by the Smurfs. It explains that the hats are called Phrygian caps, which are over 2000 years old and were historically worn in ancient cultures, including by figures like King Midas.

The Phrygian cap became a symbol of liberty during the French Revolution when it was adopted as the "red cap of liberty." However, the article notes that revolutionaries mistakenly chose the wrong hat; the actual symbol of freedom was the pileus, a different brimless hat worn by freed slaves in ancient Rome.

The author concludes that Peyo, the creator of the Smurfs, chose the Phrygian cap for its distinctive look, which helped to set the Smurfs apart. In summary, the Smurfs' hats have a rich history tied to themes of freedom and ancient cultures.

The author expresses nostalgia for the early internet, lamenting its transformation into algorithm-driven platforms that prioritize corporate interests over genuine human connections. They describe the current state as "enshittified," meaning the internet has become less user-friendly and more controlled by algorithms that deindividualize users. This results in a negative online environment where users are bombarded with irrelevant content.

The concept of "context collapse" is highlighted, explaining how algorithms mix diverse audiences, leading to misunderstandings and diluted discussions. The author notes that this has allowed extreme views, like those from the incel community, to gain visibility by exploiting engagement-driven algorithms.

To combat this negative trend, the author offers practical advice for creating a better online experience. They suggest using free software, RSS readers for personalized content, and federated social media platforms to retain privacy and free speech. They encourage blogging to share personal thoughts and emphasize the importance of curating information instead of passively consuming it.

In summary, the author calls for a return to a more human-centered internet and provides resources for individuals to take control of their online experience.

The article discusses the early days of computer-based navigation systems, focusing on a software called Roadsearch Plus, which was designed for use on home computers like the Commodore 64 and Apple II. In 1985, navigating roads in the U.S. primarily relied on paper maps, but Roadsearch Plus allowed users to find routes using their computers.

Key points include:

1. Historical Context: Before GPS, people used devices like the Honda Electro-Gyrocator for navigation, which was limited in functionality and map storage.

2. Roadsearch Plus: Developed by Columbia Software, this program provided an early form of computerized route planning, allowing users to navigate between cities and avoid certain roads based on personal preferences.

3. Functionality: Users could input starting points and destinations, and the program would calculate routes based on a database of cities and roads, while also allowing for adjustments based on speed and fuel efficiency.

4. Map Data: The software contained a limited amount of map data, focusing primarily on major highways and junctions, but also included some Canadian routes.

5. Technical Aspects: The article details the programming and storage methods used in the software, noting it was built on Applesoft BASIC, which influenced how data was managed and accessed.

Overall, the article highlights the innovative strides in digital navigation that began in the 1980s, setting the groundwork for modern GPS technology.

Summary: Adjacency Matrix and std::mdspan in C++23

This article explains how to efficiently implement an adjacency matrix, which represents a graph, using modern C++ features. The key points are:

1. Adjacency Matrix Basics: An adjacency matrix is a square matrix used to indicate connections between graph vertices. In weighted graphs, it also stores edge weights.

2. Inefficiencies of Nested Vectors: Beginner implementations often use vectors of vectors, which can be inefficient due to multiple memory allocations.

3. C++23's std::mdspan: The introduction of std::mdspan in C++23 allows for a more efficient way to handle multidimensional data, improving performance and reducing code complexity.

4. Implementation Steps:

   • Start with a simple Graph class using a vector of vectors.
   • Improve efficiency by using a single vector to store matrix elements.
   • Utilize std::mdspan to simplify indexing into the data.

5. Const Correctness and Rule of Five: Ensure that member functions respect const correctness and handle resource management correctly when copying or moving objects.

6. Improvements: The final implementation includes error handling, type constraints for weights, and better memory management practices.

7. Conclusion: The article showcases how the latest C++ features enhance the implementation of an adjacency matrix, making it more efficient and easier to maintain.

For more detailed implementation examples and improvements, the original article provides code snippets and explanations.

No summary available.

A "public suffix" is a domain under which users can register names directly, like com or co.uk. The Public Suffix List, created by Mozilla and maintained by the community, includes all known public suffixes.

This list helps browsers in several ways, such as preventing privacy issues with cookies, highlighting important parts of domain names, and organizing browsing history correctly.

Users are encouraged to share how they use the list to help improve it. Internet registries should keep their sections of the list updated to ensure smooth cookie usage and proper site data display.

No summary available.

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The author shares their experience with Nix, a powerful package manager that has transformed their chaotic digital life. Initially disorganized, they struggled with managing various tools and configurations on their computer. After discovering Nix, they were excited about its ability to create reproducible builds and manage their entire operating system, NixOS.

After some initial difficulties, they successfully set up NixOS on an old Pixelbook, which significantly improved its performance. They then applied Nix to their M1 MacBook Pro, simplifying their development environment with shared configurations and reproducible setups. They highlight the advantages of using Nix Flakes for managing projects and environments, making it easier to work across different systems.

The author also discusses using AI to solve a tough audio issue on their Pixelbook, showcasing how AI can assist in troubleshooting. Looking ahead, they plan to explore Nix on their Android phone and potentially use it for cloud infrastructure.

Overall, Nix has helped the author create a more organized, efficient, and dependable digital workspace, and they encourage others to explore its capabilities.

I created a Wayland Compositor from scratch that allows you to run any GUI application in the terminal. This idea explores the potential of custom Wayland compositors, and I started with terminal integration because it's straightforward to handle input and output. I used the chafa library for displaying graphics and read input from the terminal.

I wrote most of the app in Typescript to make it easier for developers to contribute. Currently, I use the Canvas2D API for drawing, and I’m open to creating a terminal canvas if there's interest.

I have a blog post that explains the process I followed, but it’s not very technical. Feel free to reach out with any questions!

(Note: The compositor works with Wayland apps and X11 apps using Xwayland, which covers most applications on Linux.)

Summary: DeepCodeBench Overview

DeepCodeBench is a new benchmark dataset created by Qodo to help understand large, real-world codebases through questions and answers. It aims to support developers who often struggle to navigate complex code.

Key Points:

• Motivation: Large codebases can be challenging for developers, especially when onboarding or during routine tasks. There’s a need for real questions that reflect actual developer experiences to improve AI-assisted workflows.

• Dataset Generation: The benchmark includes questions derived from pull requests (PRs) in code repositories. Questions are designed to require deep retrieval across multiple files, capturing realistic developer queries.

• Examples: For instance, questions can address how certain code classes manage state to avoid shared mutable objects. Answers pull from the actual code context.

• Dataset Statistics: The dataset comprises 1,144 questions from eight open-source repositories, categorized by depth and scope.

• Evaluation Method: A method called “fact recall” is used to objectively evaluate the accuracy of AI responses by checking whether predicted answers contain essential facts from the ground-truth answers.

• Results: Qodo’s AI agent outperformed others like OpenAI’s Codex in terms of fact recall and speed. The dataset helps assess AI capabilities in code understanding.

• Release Information: Qodo is releasing the dataset, metadata, and prompts used for generating questions to foster further research and development.

In summary, DeepCodeBench provides a valuable resource for evaluating AI systems in understanding complex codebases, with a strong focus on real-world applications.

Summary: The Rise of Async Programming

Async programming is changing how developers work. Instead of writing code line by line, developers now focus on clearly defining problems and letting AI tools or teammates handle the implementation. The process involves three main steps:

1. Define the Problem: Clearly articulate what needs to be built, including specific goals and constraints.
2. Delegate Implementation: Assign the task to an AI agent or teammate, providing detailed notes for guidance.
3. Review Results: Return later to examine the outcome and give feedback.

This approach separates problem definition from coding, allowing developers to manage multiple tasks at once.

For async programming to be effective, it relies on three pillars:

1. Clear Problem Definitions: A precise statement of the problem leads to better results.
2. Automated Verification: Systems must be in place to automatically check the correctness of the code.
3. Detailed Code Review: With less manual coding, thorough reviews become essential to ensure quality and alignment with design goals.

At Braintrust, async programming is being used to enhance development processes, enabling developers to handle several tasks simultaneously and focus on high-level problem solving rather than routine coding. As tools improve, this method is likely to become more common, shifting programming from manual tasks to a focus on clarity and review.

Charlie Kirk, a conservative activist and co-founder of Turning Point USA, was fatally shot during a presentation at Utah Valley University on September 11, 2025. The university has since closed until Monday, suspending all classes and events as a safety measure.

In the wake of Kirk's death, vigils were held nationwide, and reactions from political leaders were mixed. Former President Donald Trump attributed the violence to the "radical left," while the Utah governor labeled it a "political assassination." Authorities are searching for the shooter, who reportedly fired from a nearby building. Initial detentions of two individuals did not lead to any connections with the shooting.

Witnesses described chaotic scenes as people fled after hearing the gunshot. Kirk was the only victim in this incident, prompting widespread calls for unity against political violence. The FBI has set up a digital tip line for information related to the case, and multiple officials have condemned the shooting as a tragic example of escalating political hostility.

The 65F02 is a modern re-implementation of the classic 6502 CPU, designed to run at 100 MHz inside an FPGA. It is compatible with older computers and gaming systems, allowing them to run faster.

The project was developed by Arlet Ottens, Ed Spittles, and David Banks, who created the CPU core. The 65F02 board is small and fits into the same socket as the original 6502 and 65C02 CPUs. It can be used as an accelerator for various systems by copying their memory into its internal RAM while maintaining compatibility with their I/O operations.

Currently, the 65F02 supports several chess computers, particularly from the Mephisto line, and two classic home computers: the Apple II and Commodore PET. There's potential for additional support for other systems, but limitations exist due to memory handling and hardware compatibility.

The project is a hobby and not intended for commercial release. Testing has shown improvements in performance for chess computers, and there are ongoing discussions in the community for further development and support.

As of July 2024, the project has faced some technical challenges, limiting the addition of new systems due to the FPGA's capacity. However, future configurations may be explored to enhance its capabilities.

The text discusses the challenges of reproducibility in large language models (LLMs), particularly focusing on the nondeterminism observed in their outputs. Here are the key points in simpler terms:

1. Reproducibility Issues: It's hard to get the same results from LLMs like ChatGPT every time you ask the same question. Even with specific settings to make outputs deterministic, results can still vary.

2. Nondeterminism Causes: One primary reason for this nondeterminism is floating-point arithmetic on GPUs, which can lead to different results based on the order of operations due to rounding errors.

3. Concurrency and Kernels: The order in which computer cores finish their calculations can affect results. However, LLMs generally do not require atomic operations (which can cause nondeterminism) in their main calculations.

4. Batch Invariance: The output of an LLM can change based on the batch size of requests being processed. This lack of batch invariance means that different loads on the server can lead to different outputs for the same input.

5. Solutions for Determinism: To ensure consistent results, all operations (or kernels) used in LLMs need to be batch-invariant. The text outlines several strategies to make specific operations like matrix multiplication and attention in LLMs batch-invariant.

6. Experiments: The authors conducted experiments showing that using batch-invariant kernels led to the same completions from the model, confirming that these strategies can effectively eliminate nondeterminism.

7. Performance Considerations: While implementing these batch-invariant strategies may slow down processing, the performance remains acceptable for practical use.

8. Conclusion: The text emphasizes the importance of understanding and addressing the causes of nondeterminism in LLMs to improve reproducibility and reliability in scientific applications.

Overall, the article advocates for a deeper understanding of computational processes in LLMs to achieve consistent results in their outputs.

Summary of SpiralData 3.0 Announcement

SpiralData has launched version 3.0, addressing the evolving needs of data systems in the age of AI. The author, Will Manning, discusses the historical progression of data systems, emphasizing a shift from human-scale to machine-scale inputs and outputs.

Key Points:

1. Three Eras of Data Systems:

   • First Era: Databases designed for human-scale interactions (e.g., Postgres).
   • Second Era: "Big Data" introduced machine-scale inputs but still catered to human-friendly outputs.
   • Third Era: The rise of the "Machine Consumer" requires systems to handle vast amounts of data efficiently without human-centric constraints.

2. Challenges with Current Systems:

   • Existing infrastructure fails to meet the needs of AI workloads, leading to inefficiencies and high costs.
   • AI engineers face hurdles in data processing, resulting in underutilization of powerful hardware.

3. Need for a New Architecture:

   • Current solutions (like Lakehouses) do not adequately address the gap between machine requirements and legacy tools.
   • A new approach is necessary for effective machine-scale data handling.

4. Introduction of Vortex:

   • Spiral has developed a new file format called Vortex, designed to improve data processing speeds and efficiency significantly.
   • Vortex is supported by major companies and allows for direct data access from storage to GPU, bypassing traditional bottlenecks.

5. Spiral's Vision:

   • Spiral aims to provide a unified data platform that supports fast, secure, and efficient data handling tailored for AI applications.
   • Their system is designed to avoid common pitfalls in data management, promoting both performance and security.

6. Call to Action:

   • Organizations are urged to adapt their data infrastructure for the future, as those who lag behind will struggle to keep up with advancements in AI.

The announcement emphasizes the need for modern, machine-focused data systems to keep pace with the rapid evolution of AI technology.

The article discusses a new feature in PostgreSQL 18 called virtual generated columns. This feature allows users to define columns that automatically compute values based on other columns without storing them on disk, which saves space. There are two types of generated columns:

1. Stored Generated Columns: These are calculated when a row is inserted or updated and stored on disk, making them indexable for efficient reads.
2. Virtual Generated Columns: These are computed only when they are queried and do not take up disk space, making them ideal for lightweight calculations.

The author highlights the advantages of using generated columns, such as reducing repetitive code and improving database design. They provide examples, including using generated columns for full-text search across different languages without needing complex triggers.

While stored columns improve read performance, they may slow down writes due to the need to compute and save values. Conversely, virtual columns keep writes fast but may slow down reads since they compute values on demand. Adding virtual columns is also easier because it doesn’t require updating existing data.

The article emphasizes the need to understand the limitations and potential security implications of using virtual generated columns, especially when custom functions are involved.

As car ownership increases in Europe, cities are facing issues like air pollution and traffic accidents. However, Pontevedra, Spain, has successfully tackled these challenges by prioritizing residents over cars without banning private vehicles. Since Mayor Miguel Anxo Fernández Lores took office in 1999, the city has transformed from a car-dominated area into a pedestrian-friendly urban space, significantly improving air quality and safety.

Pontevedra has implemented policies that limit car access, allowing only necessary traffic such as emergency services and public transport. The city has reduced overall traffic by 40% and has made strides in encouraging walking and cycling, with 90% of trips now made on foot or by bike. Since introducing a 30 km/h speed limit and other traffic regulations, there have been no fatal accidents in a decade.

The city is recognized for its innovative approach to reclaiming public spaces, making it more accessible and enjoyable for all residents. While Pontevedra has seen a decrease in car usage, the number of vehicles in Europe continues to rise. Other cities like Freiburg and Oslo are also adopting similar sustainable practices.

Pontevedra’s success is attributed to clear communication, community involvement, and a focus on creating a city for people rather than cars. The mayor believes other cities can learn from Pontevedra's experience but must adapt strategies to their specific contexts.

ApeRAG Overview

ApeRAG is a powerful platform for creating AI applications using Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG). It combines various search methods and advanced AI agents, making it ideal for building Knowledge Graphs and deploying intelligent AI systems.

Key Features:

1. Advanced Index Types: Support for vector, full-text, graph, summary, and vision search.
2. Intelligent AI Agents: AI agents can intelligently search and provide answers from your knowledge base.
3. Enhanced Document Parsing: Utilizes MinerU for superior parsing of complex documents.
4. Multimodal Processing: Supports processing of text, images, and charts.
5. Hybrid Retrieval Engine: Combines multiple search techniques for comprehensive results.
6. Production-Grade Deployment: Full Kubernetes support for scalable and reliable applications.
7. Enterprise Management Tools: Includes audit logging, document management, and agent workflow management.
8. Developer-Friendly: Provides extensive development guides and frameworks for easy customization.

Getting Started:

• System Requirements: At least 2 CPU cores and 4 GiB RAM, along with Docker and Docker Compose.
• Installation: Clone the repository and use Docker Compose for a simple setup. Access the web interface and API documentation via your browser.

Deployment Options:

• Kubernetes: Recommended for production use, with options for automated database deployment or connecting to existing databases.

Support & Community:

• Documentation: Detailed guides are available for setup and troubleshooting.
• Community Engagement: Join discussions on Discord and other platforms.

License: ApeRAG is available under the Apache License 2.0.

Summary of "How I Solved PyTorch’s Cross-Platform Nightmare"

Setting up a Python project with PyTorch for various operating systems and hardware can be challenging. The author faced this issue while developing FileChat, an AI coding assistant, and wanted to ensure easy installation for users.

To achieve a seamless installation process, the author used PEP 508, which allows specifying dependencies directly with their URLs and setting conditions based on Python versions. This means users can install the necessary packages using a single command.

For example, the author set up dependencies in a file, defining different groups for CPU, XPU, and CUDA, each with specific wheel URLs for supported Python versions. Users need to specify which hardware they intend to use when installing.

Though this approach simplifies installation, it does require the author to update wheel URLs manually whenever changes occur in PyTorch or Python versions. The author hopes future solutions, like the new PYX package registry, may further streamline this process.