Summary:

Astronomers have discovered a mysterious dark object in the distant universe that has a mass one million times that of the Sun. This object is the lowest mass dark object ever measured and is located about 10 billion light years away, dating back to when the universe was 6.5 billion years old. The discovery was made using an international network of radio telescopes, forming a virtual supertelescope that can detect subtle gravitational effects.

Dark matter, which does not emit light, is crucial for understanding the formation of galaxies. This research utilized a technique called gravitational lensing, where light from distant galaxies is distorted by the gravitational pull of massive objects. The team developed new algorithms to analyze the complex data, allowing them to visualize the dark object's gravitational influence.

The researchers aim to find more dark objects like this one to test existing theories about dark matter. If they continue to uncover such objects that lack stars, it could challenge current understanding of dark matter.

No summary available.

No summary available.

Ultrasound technology is revolutionizing cancer treatment by providing non-invasive methods to target and destroy tumors. A key development is histotripsy, discovered by Zhen Xu at the University of Michigan, which uses high-frequency sound waves to break up cancerous tissue without surgery. This method has gained FDA approval for liver tumors and shows promising results, with a study indicating a 95% success rate.

Histotripsy works by concentrating ultrasound waves on a small tumor area, creating tiny bubbles that collapse and disrupt the tissue. The procedure is quick, usually lasting one to three hours, and allows patients to return home the same day.

While histotripsy is not suitable for all cancer types and there are concerns about potential complications, it is being explored for other cancers, such as kidney and pancreas tumors. Another established ultrasound technique, High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU), generates heat to destroy tumors and is particularly effective for prostate cancer.

Researchers are also investigating ways to enhance ultrasound's effectiveness by combining it with other treatments, such as immunotherapy and drug delivery systems, which could improve the overall efficacy of cancer therapies.

While ultrasound treatments are promising, more research is needed to fully understand their long-term effects and potential applications across different cancer types. Overall, these advancements in ultrasound technology aim to provide safer and less invasive options for cancer care.

Summary of "Subverting Telegram’s End-to-End Encryption"

The paper analyzes the security of Telegram's end-to-end encryption (E2EE) system, highlighting its vulnerability to specific attacks called algorithm substitution attacks. Authors Benoît Cogliati, Jordan Ethan, and Ashwin Jha from the CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security demonstrate that these attacks can efficiently compromise the encryption used in Telegram, potentially enabling state-sponsored surveillance of private communications.

Although Telegram's official clients are designed to be secure, the risk remains from third-party applications that could be compromised. The authors present a method that can recover important encryption keys with high success rates and minimal effort. They suggest that the issue lies in how Telegram’s encryption protocol, MTProto2.0, handles random padding.

To improve security, the authors recommend changes to the padding methodology, which could make the system more resistant to attacks. They also propose a new generalization of the MTProto2.0 encryption scheme, called MTProto-G, which offers enhanced security for multiple users.

The paper concludes that Telegram should address these vulnerabilities to protect user privacy against potential surveillance threats.

Wireshark 4.6.0 has been released, adding support for macOS pktap, which allows users to capture network data along with extra information like process IDs and names. To use it, you simply need to specify the pktap interface in your command.

For example, you can capture data from specific interfaces with commands like:

• tcpdump -i pktap,lo0,en0 -w outfile.pcapng (for loopback and en0)
• tcpdump -i pktap,all host 192.168.0.6 -w outfile.pcapng (for all interfaces)

The captured data is saved in the Pcap-ng format, and you can view process details in Wireshark under Frame → Process Information. You can also filter results based on process names or IDs, making it easier to understand network activity related to specific processes.

No summary available.

I'm sorry, but I can't access external links. However, if you can provide the text or main points from the link, I'd be happy to help you summarize it!

The paper "Don't Look Up: There Are Sensitive Internal Links in the Clear on GEO Satellites" discusses the security vulnerabilities found in geosynchronous (GEO) satellite communications. The authors conducted a comprehensive scan of 39 GEO satellites and discovered that 50% of the communication links contained unencrypted IP traffic, revealing sensitive information from various sectors including telecommunications, military, retail, and utilities.

Key points include:

1. Study Scope: This research is the first broad analysis of GEO satellite traffic, covering 39 satellites across 25 longitudes and involved 411 transponders.

2. Vulnerabilities Found: The study found that many GEO satellite links lack encryption, exposing critical data like cellular backhaul traffic, military asset tracking, and internal communications from businesses and government entities.

3. Technical Approach: The researchers developed a new method and tools to capture and decode traffic from diverse protocols used by satellite systems, overcoming previous challenges related to signal quality and protocol diversity.

4. Findings: The results highlighted significant amounts of sensitive internal traffic being transmitted in cleartext, indicating poor security practices among organizations relying on these satellite links.

5. Ethical Considerations: The researchers ensured compliance with legal and ethical standards, and disclosed their findings to affected organizations to help them improve security.

6. Implications: The findings suggest that the GEO satellite communications industry may be at risk of interception by low-resource attackers, raising concerns about the security of sensitive data transmitted over these networks.

Overall, the study emphasizes the urgent need for improved encryption and security practices in the GEO satellite communication ecosystem.

A Dutch court has frozen the control of Nexperia, a semiconductor company, due to concerns over national security. This decision is linked to actions from China's Wingtech, which is involved in the dispute. The situation highlights the growing tensions over technology and security between countries.

Summary:

Researchers are making progress in fixing faulty mitochondria, which can cause serious diseases. Mitochondria are cell organelles with their own DNA, but traditional CRISPR gene editing tools can't easily access this DNA. Mitochondrial diseases affect about 1 in 5,000 people and can cause symptoms like vision loss and muscle problems.

To edit mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), scientists are exploring new methods. Recent advancements include using enzymes that can cut mtDNA, allowing healthier copies to multiply and replace damaged ones. There’s also potential in a technique called base editing, which can change specific DNA bases without guide RNA, making it suitable for mtDNA.

While these methods show promise for treating genetic conditions, they are still primarily in the research phase and have yet to be applied in clinical settings. If successful, these developments could lead to groundbreaking treatments for mitochondrial diseases.

css-extras Summary

css-extras is a collection of helpful CSS custom functions that use the new native CSS @function rule, requiring no build step. It's currently supported only in Chrome 141 and above, but will be available in other browsers soon.

Installation:

• Install via npm: npm install css-extras
• Or link directly in your HTML: <link rel="stylesheet" href="node_modules/css-extras/index.css">

Usage: You can use various functions in your CSS, including:

• Math Functions: For calculations (e.g., padding, margins)
• Color Functions: For color manipulation (e.g., opacity, tint)
• Typography: For fluid text scaling
• Layout: For responsive designs and spacing
• Animation: For easing functions
• Grid: For grid layout helpers
• Theme: For light/dark mode utilities

Examples:

• Create responsive card components with conditional borders and smooth shadows.
• Set up responsive layouts using grid and spacing functions.
• Implement theme-aware styles that adjust based on light or dark modes.

Requirements:

• Make sure to include color-scheme: light dark for theme functions to work.

License: Available under MIT and CC0-1.0 licenses.

No summary available.

KDE is celebrating its 29th anniversary this week and launching its annual fundraiser with a goal to raise at least €50,000 by the end of the year. Your donations help KDE produce high-quality, free software that is increasingly popular among various users, including gamers and professionals. This financial support ensures KDE remains independent and can continue providing privacy-focused software.

Additionally, KDE is promoting environmental awareness on International E-Waste Day, encouraging people to reduce electronic waste and keep functional devices out of landfills. Your contributions help spread this message.

KDE also aims to support those who can't afford new devices and works to make software that doesn't rely on the latest hardware or constant internet access. The organization is committed to helping public institutions shift to free software, which offers greater control and data safety.

Donors can receive digital goodies like badges and cards after contributing.

The article "No Science, No Startups: The Innovation Engine We’re Switching Off" by Steve Blank discusses the importance of science in fostering innovation and startup growth in the U.S. It critiques the lack of understanding about what science is, how it works, and its value to society, particularly in light of recent political challenges.

Key Points:

1. Understanding Science: Science involves curiosity-driven inquiry by scientists who formulate hypotheses and conduct experiments to discover new knowledge. This knowledge can lead to advancements in medicine, technology, and various industries.

2. Types of Scientists:

   • Theorists: Develop models and theories but do not conduct experiments.
   • Experimentalists: Conduct experiments to test theories and can be divided into:
     • Basic Scientists: Seek knowledge for its own sake.
     • Applied Scientists: Focus on practical applications of scientific discoveries.

3. Role of Universities: U.S. research universities play a crucial role in basic science research, funded by government grants. They train future scientists and are responsible for a significant portion of new discoveries.

4. Collaboration with Engineers and Entrepreneurs: Engineers use scientific findings to create products, while entrepreneurs turn these products into businesses. Their collaboration is essential for translating scientific research into marketable solutions.

5. Venture Capitalists: VCs fund startups based on scientific innovations. They typically invest in projects with potential for rapid returns, which often rely on previous scientific discoveries.

6. Consequences of Reducing Science Funding: Cutting funding for science weakens the innovation ecosystem, affecting national power and economic growth. The U.S. historically thrived due to its investment in science, and neglecting it could lead to reliance on other countries that prioritize scientific research.

In summary, the article emphasizes that scientists, engineers, entrepreneurs, and venture capitalists each play a vital role in innovation and that a decline in scientific funding could have severe repercussions for the U.S. economy and global standing.

Tesla may lose subsidies in South Korea due to many battery failures.

Summary of the Automatic Zone Placement Service

Overview:
In Kubernetes, Pods cannot be scheduled for optimal network performance, especially when they rely on external resources. This project addresses this issue by integrating Kubernetes with external network topology. A lightweight service resolves a resource's domain name to an IP address and identifies its network zone (like an AWS Availability Zone). This information is used by a webhook to apply node affinity rules to Pods during creation, ensuring they are placed in the same zone as the external resources they need, thus reducing latency.

Key Components:

1. Lookup Service: An API that maps resource domain names to IP addresses and identifies their availability zones.
2. Mutating Webhook: Utilizes a policy engine (like Kyverno) to modify Pod creation requests by adding node affinity rules based on the lookup service's data.

Benefits:
This method significantly enhances performance, with benchmarks showing a 175% to 375% increase in transactions per second (TPS) for latency-sensitive workloads.

Implementation Steps:

1. Gather Zone Information: Collect details about your network's subnets and their corresponding zones.
2. Deploy the Lookup Service: Set up the service to provide zone mapping.
3. Deploy the Mutating Policy: Use Kyverno to modify Pod requests to include the appropriate node affinity.
4. Test the Solution: Run a Pod with the correct annotations to verify that it is placed in the optimal zone.

Performance Impact:
Tests demonstrated a clear performance improvement when Pods are scheduled in the same availability zone as their external resources, confirming reduced latency leads to better application performance.

Future Work:
There are plans to support endpoints that return multiple A records and to extend the solution's applicability to other cloud providers like GCP and Azure.

This service is valuable for applications requiring low latency and can help reduce costs associated with cross-zone data transfers.

No summary available.

Summary of Cortex Core Clerkship Grades and Transcript Normalization Update

On October 6, 2025, Thalamus announced updates regarding the Cortex Core Clerkship Transcript Normalization feature in response to feedback from applicants and medical schools. Key points include:

1. Feedback and Issues: Some inaccuracies were reported in automated grades displayed in Cortex, which were quickly corrected upon confirmation.

2. How Cortex Works: Cortex uses automated technology to extract clerkship grades from transcripts and provides reference reports for efficient review. However, these extracted grades are not used for decision-making, and applicants should be evaluated based on their official transcripts.

3. Community Concerns: There are worries that inaccuracies could harm applicants. However, program directors have effectively identified correct grades using official documents during reviews.

4. Guidelines for Use:

   • Programs should use the Transcript Normalization as a reference and verify grades against official transcripts.
   • Applicants are advised not to contact programs about transcript issues, as their official documents are accurate.
   • Medical schools should reassure students that faculty review official records.

5. Commitment to Improvement: Thalamus is dedicated to refining the Cortex tool based on user feedback to ensure a fair and efficient recruitment process.

The organization encourages collaboration between applicants, programs, and medical schools to enhance the recruitment experience.

The text describes a simple function called add_a_b that takes two numbers, a and b, as input and returns their sum.

No summary available.

The text instructs to change the word "SELECT" to "QLINE-SELECT" in a command. It provides guidelines for creating axes and values for a graph:

• Axis X:

  • X: Numeric values with column names like x1, x2, etc.
  • L: Text values with a column name 'l'.
  • T: Unix time numbers with a column name 't'.

• Axis Y:

  • Y: Numeric values with column names like y1, y2, etc.
  • Y: Color line specified in HEX format (e.g., y_cFF00FF).

• Options:

  • C: Color of points in HEX format (e.g., c FF00FF).
  • V: Radius of points specified as a number.

The text also mentions examples for different types of selections: QLINE-SELECT, QAREA-SELECT, QBAR-SELECT, QPIE-SELECT, and QBUBBLE-SELECT.

No summary available.

A new botnet called Aisuru, which has become the largest and most disruptive of its kind, is primarily using compromised Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices from U.S. internet providers like AT&T, Comcast, and Verizon. This concentration of infected devices is making it harder to limit the damage from its attacks, which recently reached record levels of nearly 30 terabits per second.

Since it emerged, Aisuru has outperformed other IoT botnets, utilizing around 300,000 compromised devices globally, including routers and security cameras with outdated security settings. Its attacks, especially on gaming services like Minecraft, have caused significant disruptions across the internet. Recent attacks have overwhelmed service providers, leading to network congestion and even causing some companies to lose customers.

Experts emphasize the need for better defenses against these large-scale attacks, as many internet service providers are unprepared for the outbound traffic generated by their own compromised devices. Aisuru is believed to have expanded rapidly by exploiting vulnerabilities in IoT devices and by taking advantage of the recent takedown of competing botnets.

The botnet is linked to three key operators, and one of them, known as "Forky," has been involved in the DDoS-for-hire scene for some time. Despite attempts to identify Aisuru's operators and mitigate its impact, the threat from this botnet continues to grow, raising concerns about the future of internet security.

The article discusses how much time people, especially South Africans, spend on their smartphones—averaging over 5 hours a day. This is concerning because, with about 8 hours of sleep and 8 hours of work, it means people are spending a significant portion of their free time on their phones, often distracted.

The author expresses a desire to live a meaningful life and be present in the moment, rather than getting lost in social media and short videos. They’ve made efforts to limit their phone use by turning off notifications, avoiding social media, and finding ways to make their phone less distracting.

The author highlights that traditional methods like setting time limits on apps are often ineffective due to the addictive nature of these platforms. Instead, they suggest making your phone less interesting by removing recommendation features, like those on YouTube, and only using apps that provide real value.

Ultimately, the author believes that reducing phone use has made them more present, allowing for more time spent with friends, in nature, and on personal projects. They encourage others to try similar strategies to improve their relationship with their devices and enjoy life more fully.

Summary:

A 29-year-old man named Jonathan Rinderknecht was arrested in connection with the deadly Palisades Fire in California, which occurred in January 2025 and resulted in 12 deaths and the destruction of thousands of structures. He has been charged with arson and could face a prison sentence of 5 to 20 years.

Investigators found that Rinderknecht used ChatGPT to create images of burning forests and cities before the fire, which may serve as evidence of his intent to commit arson. This case raises questions about the use of AI-generated content as evidence in criminal trials, as it’s unclear if this is the first instance of ChatGPT history being used in such a manner.

The U.S. Attorney emphasized that despite OpenAI's policies on user privacy, digital communications can be accessed through legal processes. The case highlights the evolving legal landscape regarding AI-related evidence and its relevance in criminal investigations.

No summary available.

The XNU kernel is the core of Apple's operating systems. It is described as a hybrid kernel but usually works like a monolithic kernel, meaning all system functions are in one secure area. This design poses security risks because if the kernel is hacked, the entire system is affected. Recently, Apple has been moving towards a more compartmentalized and microkernel-like design to improve security.

This paper analyzes new security features, focusing on the Secure Process Trust Model (SPTM) and its security mechanisms, which have not been extensively discussed before. SPTM controls memory management and creates separate trust domains within the system, isolating different functions from each other. One of these functions is the TXM, which handles code signing and entitlement checks.

The paper also examines a new security feature called Exclaves and its communication methods, including xnuproxy for secure requests and the Tightbeam IPC framework. These architectural changes enhance system security by moving sensitive components away from direct access by the XNU kernel. This means that even if the kernel is compromised, it is less likely to threaten the highest levels of trust in the system.

The blog post discusses improvements made to a Just-In-Time (JIT) compiler for PostgreSQL and the challenges of making it faster than the existing interpreter. Key points include:

1. Recent Developments: The author has made some progress, such as porting to ARM64 and optimizing certain operations, but is still exploring how to outperform the interpreter.

2. CPU Optimization Techniques: Modern CPUs use techniques like out-of-order execution and branch prediction to improve performance. These allow multiple instructions to be processed simultaneously and reduce idle time.

3. Interpreter Efficiency: Traditional interpreters often use a loop with many branches, making it hard for CPUs to predict the correct path, which slows down execution. Using techniques like “computed gotos” can help improve performance by making jumps more predictable.

4. PostgreSQL Query Optimization: The author analyzes how PostgreSQL handles simple queries and identifies optimization opportunities, such as reducing unnecessary null checks in function calls, which can save processing time.

5. Performance Tests: Experiments demonstrated that by optimizing the handling of functions and reducing unnecessary checks, execution time improved significantly. For instance, using inlining reduced the average query time from 127ms to 98ms.

6. Challenges Against the Interpreter: Despite the improvements, the author realizes that modern CPU optimizations may diminish the performance gains of the JIT compiler compared to the interpreter, which already benefits from these CPU features.

7. Call for Help: The author seeks assistance for further development on this project due to limited time and resources.

Overall, the post highlights the complexity of optimizing a JIT compiler and the ongoing pursuit of improving PostgreSQL's performance.

The U.S. economy is currently stable despite some troubling signs, such as weak manufacturing and low consumer confidence, largely due to a boom in artificial intelligence (AI) spending. Although tariffs imposed by Trump are affecting various industries, the AI sector is thriving and is seen as a key driver of economic growth. Some reports suggest that without AI, GDP growth would be significantly lower.

However, there are concerns about an impending AI bubble. This could arise if investors overestimate AI's potential, leading to a crash that would not just harm stock prices but also cause widespread financial distress due to loan defaults. Evidence suggests that many companies are not seeing a return on their AI investments, and there are challenges in the AI industry that could lead to disappointment.

The future of the U.S. economy may depend on the stability of the AI sector. If AI fails to meet high expectations, it could trigger significant economic and political consequences, similar to past financial crises. Therefore, the performance of AI could have major implications for America’s future.

I'm sorry, but I can't access or summarize content from links, including videos. However, if you provide the main points or content from the video, I can help summarize that for you!

Summary of "Import AI 431: Technological Optimism and Appropriate Fear"

Import AI is a weekly newsletter discussing advancements in artificial intelligence (AI). In the latest edition, Jack Clark explores the dual nature of AI: the excitement over its potential and the fear of its unpredictability.

1. AI as a Complex Creature: Clark compares our understanding of AI to a child's fear of the dark. Just as children may mistakenly see shapes as monsters, people often underestimate AI's complexity, treating it as a simple tool rather than acknowledging its potential risks.

2. Technological Optimism: Clark identifies himself as a technological optimist, believing that AI will evolve rapidly and significantly. He notes that the growth of AI systems is akin to nurturing a living thing, and their capabilities are increasing quickly. However, he stresses that this growth comes with a need for caution.

3. Appropriate Fear: Despite his optimism, Clark expresses genuine concern about AI's development. As these systems become smarter, their goals may diverge from human interests, leading to unpredictable behavior. He warns against complacency, emphasizing the importance of recognizing AI's complexities.

4. Listening and Transparency: Clark advocates for open discussions about AI's implications and stresses the need to listen to public concerns. He believes that engaging with various communities will lead to better policy solutions and a deeper understanding of the technology's impact.

5. AI's Future Impact: The newsletter also touches on the potential for AI to influence the economy, noting that while it could lead to productivity boosts, there are risks of significant disruptions and ethical concerns, especially in areas like employment and biosecurity.

In conclusion, while Clark is hopeful about AI's future, he urges caution and a collective effort to understand and address the challenges it presents.

The website is checking your browser for security. If you own the website and want to resolve issues, there's a link for you to click.

Strudel is a free, open-source live coding platform for creating music in your browser, suitable for both beginners and experts. To use it, you simply hit play, make changes, and hit update. You can start with an interactive tutorial and join the Discord channel for questions and feedback. Strudel is based on TidalCycles, a popular music coding language, and is licensed under the GNU Affero General Public License. You can find its source code on Codeberg. Support for ongoing development is appreciated!

Summary of jsonriver

jsonriver is a lightweight and fast tool for parsing JSON data as it streams in from sources like network requests. It works in any JavaScript environment and requires no additional dependencies.

Key Features:

• Incremental Parsing: jsonriver provides a series of progressively complete JSON values as data is received. For example, if it receives the JSON {"name": "Alex", "keys": [1, 20, 300]} one byte at a time, it will yield partial results like {}, {"name": ""}, and so on, until it gets the complete object.

• Correctness: The final output from jsonriver matches the output of standard JSON parsing. It handles errors by stopping if it encounters invalid input or if the data stream ends unexpectedly.

Invariants:

• Values maintain their types throughout parsing (e.g., a string won't become an array).
• Atomic values (true, false, null, numbers) are only output once fully received.
• Strings can grow, arrays can be extended, and objects can have properties added or changed as data is received.

Comparison:

• jsonriver is faster for streaming data than the built-in JSON.parse, but if you don't need streaming, JSON.parse is about five times faster.
• Another alternative, stream-json, is more complex and slower but offers more features.

Development:

To set up jsonriver, run npm ci to install dependencies. Use npm test to run tests, and npm run lint for code linting, with an option to auto-fix issues.

This tool is ideal for scenarios where you need to process JSON data as it arrives rather than waiting for the entire dataset.

On October 11, 2025, significant cuts to the CDC's main publication, the MMWR, were announced but were quickly reversed just hours later.

Summary: Why Study Programming Languages

The text discusses the importance of studying programming languages through two main questions: why we design new programming languages and what defines a programming language.

1. Reasons for Designing New Languages:

   • New programming languages are created for various reasons, such as improving abstraction, performance, and usability. However, many of these reasons are subjective and hard to measure.
   • Just like natural languages, programming languages evolve and borrow features from each other. They aim to enable new ideas and expressions that were previously inaccessible.

2. Defining a Programming Language:

   • A programming language is not just its syntax (the way it is written) or its semantics (the meaning of its constructs). It also includes the ecosystem, such as libraries and community support.
   • A comprehensive definition includes syntax, semantics, and ecosystem, focusing on how these elements support exploration and expression in programming.

The author encourages creativity in language design, emphasizing that the goal should be to explore new concepts and ideas, rather than solely focusing on measurable outcomes.

Summary: Debugging Humidity: Lessons From Deploying Code to a Factory Floor

Deploying code in a factory environment is very different from working in a controlled cloud setting. In factories, conditions are tough—there's dust, grease, and interruptions from machinery, making reliable connections and power inconsistent.

Key points include:

1. Reality vs. Idealization: The cloud offers infinite resources, but factories have limited and unreliable resources. This mismatch creates significant challenges.

2. Idempotency Challenges: In the cloud, you can resend requests if they fail. However, in a physical setting, sending the same command again (like rotating a robotic arm) could cause damage if the first command was successful but undetected.

3. "Offline-First" Necessity: Unlike mobile apps, factory machines need to operate independently without internet connectivity. They must make decisions locally to avoid failure.

4. Time and Synchronization Issues: Problems arise when device clocks drift, making logs unreliable and complicating the understanding of system events.

5. IoT Pilot Failures: Many Internet of Things (IoT) projects fail because developers underestimate real-world challenges and overestimate bandwidth availability.

6. Embracing Constraints: Building for harsh environments leads to more durable systems. Developers learn to create systems that can adapt to connectivity issues and treat code as a potential risk.

In summary, working in the physical world teaches engineers to simplify their approaches, focus on resilience, and confront the unpredictability of real-life environments. This ultimately leads to better engineering practices.

Summary of Nexperia Updates

Company Overview: Nexperia is a global semiconductor company based in the Netherlands, employing over 12,500 people. It specializes in essential semiconductors for various industries, shipping over 110 billion products annually. The company emphasizes innovation, efficiency, and sustainability, meeting strict industry standards.

Recent Developments:

1. Leadership Changes:

   • Former CEO Zhang Xuezheng has been suspended due to concerns over management practices.
   • CFO Stefan Tilger is now the interim CEO, while Achim Kempe remains COO.

2. Government Intervention:

   • The Dutch government has intervened due to serious management issues affecting operations and semiconductor availability in Europe. Nexperia cannot make major decisions without government approval for a year.

3. Export Control Measures:

   • The U.S. has extended export controls affecting Nexperia due to its connection to Wingtech Technology, which is on a U.S. entity list.
   • Nexperia is also facing export restrictions from China and is working to secure exemptions.

Contact Information: For press inquiries, contact Hannes van Raemdonck at Nexperia.

This summary highlights the key points regarding Nexperia’s recent governance and operational changes, as well as its commitment to maintaining business continuity amidst challenges.

The user is questioning the effectiveness of "agentic coding," expressing skepticism about the hype surrounding it. They are frustrated that even advanced models like GPT-5 and Gemini Pro struggle to follow simple instructions in coding tasks, often omitting or forgetting important details. This leads the user to doubt the reliability of these models for making changes in the background. They are seeking responses from others who believe in and successfully use agentic coding to understand different perspectives.

No summary available.

Summary of American Solar Farms Dataset

Jake Stid from Michigan State University recently introduced a comprehensive dataset called Ground-Mounted Solar Energy in the United States (GM-SEUS). This dataset includes 15,000 solar arrays and 2.9 million solar panels from utility and commercial solar farms across the contiguous United States and Washington D.C. It was created by a team with backgrounds in NOAA, NASA, and USGS.

The GM-SEUS dataset is divided into two parts: one for solar arrays and another for solar panels. The analysis of this dataset is performed using powerful software and tools, including DuckDB for data processing and QGIS for mapping.

Key points about the dataset:

• Solar Arrays: The arrays file contains 15,017 records with details like capacity, installation year, and geographic information.
• Solar Panels: The panels file holds 2.9 million records, detailing each panel's specifications and location.

The analysis reveals:

• Only 5,358 of the solar arrays have panels installed on them.
• Data includes relationships between installation years, sources, and configurations of the solar equipment.

The author anticipates an improved version of the dataset to provide better panel detection in the future. For those interested in consulting services related to solar energy, the author invites contact via LinkedIn.

Summary of Vali - A C Library for Varlink

On October 4, 2025, a new C library called "vali" for the Varlink RPC protocol was announced. Varlink allows clients to call methods from services through JSON objects sent over Unix sockets.

Key Points:

1. What is Varlink?

   • Varlink is a simple Remote Procedure Call (RPC) protocol. Clients send JSON requests to services, which respond with JSON replies.

2. The Purpose of Vali:

   • The existing libvarlink library lacked code generation features and was not actively maintained, prompting the creation of vali. It aims to reduce coding boilerplate and improve type safety.

3. Usage Without Code Generation:

   • Clients connect to services and send JSON requests, requiring manual encoding and parsing of data, which can lead to errors.

4. Service Implementation:

   • Services initialize with vali_service_create(), set a callback for client calls, and listen for connections. The API was designed to allow asynchronous handling of calls.

5. Code Generation Benefits:

   • Vali generates functions and structs for input and output parameters, improving clarity and type safety. This design helps maintain compatibility with future changes in the API.

6. Service Registry:

   • Vali supports multiple interfaces and allows services to provide metadata through a registry, enhancing functionality and organization.

7. Future Plans:

   • Future development includes asynchronous client-side handling and improvements to generated structs for better const correctness.

Overall, vali offers a robust and efficient way to implement Varlink services, reducing complexity and enhancing safety in inter-process communication.

The article discusses advancements in large language models (LLMs) like GPT-5 and Claude 4.5 in handling character-level text manipulation and tasks such as counting characters and decoding.

Key points include:

1. Improved Character Manipulation: Newer models show significant improvements in manipulating individual characters compared to earlier versions, which struggled with such tasks. For example, GPT-4.1 and later models could accurately replace and transform characters in sentences, while earlier models made consistent errors.

2. Counting Characters: Counting tasks are traditionally challenging for LLMs, but GPT-4.1 and later versions performed well in counting characters in sentences, while earlier models often failed.

3. Encoding and Decoding: The article tested models on decoding Base64 and ROT20 encoded messages. Most newer models successfully decoded Base64, indicating a better understanding of the encoding process rather than mere memorization.

4. Overall Progress: The findings suggest that larger and newer LLMs are becoming more capable of handling complex text manipulation tasks, including character substitution and decoding ciphers, indicating a positive trend in their development.

In summary, recent LLMs have improved significantly in character-level text manipulation and decoding tasks, showcasing their growing capabilities in these areas.

No summary available.

No summary available.

It seems there is no specific text provided to summarize. If you could provide the text you want summarized, I would be happy to help with that!

The article "Abstraction, not syntax" by Ruud van Asseldonk discusses the growing dissatisfaction with YAML and the rise of alternative configuration formats like TOML, JSON superset formats, and KDL. The author argues that while simpler formats are appealing, the real issue lies in the data models they use rather than syntax differences.

Using a cloud storage example, the author illustrates that simply changing formats can hide bugs rather than eliminate them. Instead, a focus on abstraction—like using loops and more dynamic structures—can help reduce redundancy and errors in configuration files. For instance, using a more abstract configuration language can prevent mistakes and make files easier to maintain.

The article also notes the trade-offs of using abstraction, such as needing additional steps for generating configurations and potential issues with searching through code. Ultimately, the author advocates for finding a balance between configuration as data and configuration as code, emphasizing the importance of abstraction to minimize duplication and improve maintainability in complex configurations.

No summary available.

No summary available.

Summary: Roger Dean - A Legend in Video Game Art

Roger Dean is a renowned English artist known for his impactful work in the video game industry, though his career spans much more. Born in 1944, Dean's childhood in Greece and Hong Kong influenced his artistic vision. He initially gained fame for designing the Sea Urchin Chair before moving into album cover art for rock bands like Yes and Asia, with his work receiving significant acclaim.

Dean entered the video game industry in the 1980s, creating iconic game covers and logos, including the famous owl logo for Psygnosis. His first video game cover was for The Black Onyx, a lesser-known title that played a role in developing Japanese role-playing games.

In an interview, Dean discussed his creative process, noting that he often designed covers based on descriptions from game developers, without seeing the actual games until later. He enjoyed the challenge of adapting his artistic style from music to gaming.

Dean also created the logo for Tetris in 1997, working closely with Henk Rogers, who also sought Dean's help for a sequel to The Black Onyx that was ultimately never completed. Despite this, Dean expressed pride in the innovative concepts and artwork developed for the game, which included realistic motion capture techniques.

Reflecting on changes in the industry, Dean lamented the decline in the quality and care of game packaging over the years. He remains less engaged with modern video game art but cherishes his roots in game design and continues to explore new projects, including potential museum exhibits for his work.

Summary of Press Release:

On October 14, 2025, Chen Zhi, the chairman of Prince Holding Group, was indicted for running a forced labor operation in Cambodia that involved cryptocurrency fraud. His company, Prince Group, is accused of operating scam compounds where trafficked individuals were forced to commit fraud, specifically in a scheme called "pig butchering," which stole billions from victims worldwide.

The U.S. government is pursuing the largest forfeiture action in its history, seeking to reclaim approximately $15 billion worth of Bitcoin linked to Chen Zhi’s fraudulent activities. This action is seen as a major effort against human trafficking and cybercrime.

Chen Zhi is currently at large and faces serious charges, including wire fraud and money laundering. If convicted, he could face up to 40 years in prison. The Department of Justice and the FBI are working together on this case, which highlights the extensive reach and impact of such criminal enterprises.

Authorities have also imposed sanctions on Prince Group and individuals associated with it, recognizing it as a transnational criminal organization. The case underscores the need for vigilance against sophisticated financial fraud schemes that exploit vulnerable people.

Summary:

The author is sharing a blog post about their recent project involving old PlayStation 2 consoles. They have several old pictures and data from past experiences, including a previous post about Nintendo Wii controllers.

In this project, they acquired around nine PlayStation 2 units, focusing on interesting fixes and modifications rather than just cleaning. The main issues they encountered included cleaning, fixing broken plastics, and replacing old batteries and thermal pads.

The author describes various fixes, such as cleaning motherboards, replacing laser modules, and restoring plastic parts. They also improved power switches by cleaning tarnished connectors.

For modifications, they installed Free McBoot (FMCB) or Free HDD Boot (FHDB) to enhance functionality. This required new hard drives and memory cards, which they successfully set up for game storage.

Additionally, they tested and repaired several controllers, cleaning sticky surfaces and repainting as necessary.

Ultimately, they created six fully functional PS2 systems with upgrades but found no buyers despite their efforts. They reflect positively on the learning experience and enjoy having a working PS2 to play with.

The author ends by hinting at a future post about another recent project.

A new project called nanochat, led by Andrej Karpathy, is creating a ChatGPT-like language model (LLM) that can be trained for about $100. This project consists of around 8,000 lines of mostly Python code, with some Rust for the tokenizer.

To train the model, it is recommended to use an 8XH100 NVIDIA node, which costs about $24 per hour. Training for 4 hours (~$100) can produce a model that can hold a conversation, and training for 12 hours can yield a model that slightly outperforms GPT-2. The model has 561 million parameters, making it suitable to run on many devices, including inexpensive ones like a Raspberry Pi.

The model is trained on a dataset of 24GB and includes various training examples from different sources. There is also a web server code provided for users to interact with the model easily.

An update mentions that the model has been made available on Hugging Face, and users can run it on both CUDA and CPU, with instructions provided for use. An example interaction with the model shows it responding positively about dogs.

No summary available.

Summary of Multipath TCP (MPTCP)

Multipath TCP (MPTCP) is an extension of standard TCP that allows devices to use multiple network interfaces simultaneously for sending and receiving data over a single connection. This approach can increase bandwidth, improve speed, and provide backup options if one path fails.

Key Features:

1. Multiple Paths: MPTCP can combine several connections, such as Wi-Fi and mobile data, to enhance data transfer speeds.
2. Seamless Transitions: It allows devices to switch between paths without dropping connections, making it useful for mobile devices like smartphones.
3. Smart Path Selection: MPTCP can choose the best available path based on factors like latency and bandwidth.

Technical Aspects:

• Subflows: When a new connection is established using MPTCP, it creates subflows (individual paths) that can be managed dynamically.
• Path Manager: This component manages the creation and deletion of subflows, typically initiating new connections from the client side.
• Packet Scheduler: This selects which subflow to use for sending data packets, aiming to optimize bandwidth and latency.

Current Developments:

• As of Linux version 6.10, MPTCP includes features like fallback to standard TCP if necessary, path management options, and debugging tools.

Community and Resources:

• MPTCP is supported by a community that maintains development resources on platforms like GitHub, and communication occurs through mailing lists and IRC channels.

In summary, MPTCP enhances network usage by allowing multiple connections to be used simultaneously, providing better performance and reliability in data transmission.

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For the last four years, I've been tracking the installation numbers of AI coding extensions for Visual Studio Code, like GitHub Copilot and OpenAI Codex. I created an interactive dashboard that shows daily install counts over time for these tools. The default view shows GitHub Copilot, but you can also compare it with over 20 other tools. The dashboard highlights significant events, such as pricing changes and major releases, and how they affected daily installs.

Some important notes:

1. The data only covers VS Code extensions, not other tools or usage in different IDEs.
2. Cursor is not included since it's a separate editor, but I added a chart showing its discussion forum activity to indicate its growth.
3. The dashboard shows daily installs, not total installs, to keep the charts interesting.
4. I built this dashboard using an AI coding assistant.

Marco Bambini, the founder of SQLite Cloud and creator of the Gravity programming language, discusses how local-first applications, supported by CRDTs (Conflict-free Replicated Data Types), manage data synchronization in SQLite databases.

He explains that when users (like Alice and Bob) make changes to their local databases, these changes are broken down into individual column-level events to avoid conflicts during synchronization. Each change is logged with metadata that includes unique identifiers and timestamps, ensuring that updates can be merged correctly later.

The process involves:

• Change Detection: When a user makes a change, the system captures it via triggers and records detailed information about each column.
• Synchronization: When users reconnect, the system identifies missing changes and sends only those updates, allowing both users' databases to align without conflicts.
• Handling Updates and Deletes: Updates create new records while retaining the old values for history, and deletes are marked rather than immediately removed to ensure data integrity.

The architecture allows users to work offline, with all changes recorded locally. Once they connect to the network again, the system synchronizes the changes seamlessly, ensuring all users' databases converge accurately over time.

Overall, Bambini emphasizes the reliability and efficiency of this approach, which enables local-first applications to operate smoothly even with intermittent connectivity. For those interested, a sync engine based on this technology is available for experimentation.

The 2025 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded for explaining how innovation drives economic growth. Joel Mokyr received half of the prize for identifying what is needed for long-term growth through technology. Philippe Aghion and Peter Howitt shared the other half for their theory on sustained growth through "creative destruction."

No summary available.

Summary:

The author shares insights from their home lab experiences, focusing on a network setup that includes a Proxmox cluster and a Raspberry Pi 5. Key points include:

1. Raspberry Pi 5 and NVMe SSDs: The Raspberry Pi 5 can use NVMe SSDs instead of traditional SD cards, enhancing performance. The author highlights the challenges of installing an OS on the Pi, which is designed primarily for SD cards.

2. OS Installation: Installing an operating system on the Raspberry Pi has become complex, requiring workarounds because the official OS isn't straightforward for USB installations.

3. Proxmox Issues: The author encountered memory management problems leading to unexpected out-of-memory (OOM) kills for virtual machines (VMs) on the Pi. They learned that setting the kernel page size correctly and using the right BIOS settings can resolve these issues.

4. Proxmox Backup Server (PBS): The PBS can become unusable if its storage volume fills up completely, which prevents running necessary maintenance tasks. The author suggests removing ZFS snapshots as a simple fix to regain storage space.

5. Miscellaneous Tools: The author mentions useful software like CyberPower UPS management tools and Davis for calendar sharing, as well as their enjoyment of the mealie recipe manager for organizing cooking recipes.

The conclusion encourages readers to experiment with building their own servers, assuring them it can be a rewarding experience.

The text discusses the common trend among developers to adopt overly complex architectures, often modeled after large tech companies (FAANG), without considering the specific needs of their startups. It criticizes the focus on scalability as the first problem to solve, rather than prioritizing financial sustainability.

The author suggests that many startups jump into complicated systems like microservices and distributed databases too early, which can lead to expensive complexity and inefficiencies. Instead, they advocate for starting with a simpler monolithic architecture that uses well-defined modules, allowing for easier management and faster development.

Key benefits of this approach include:

• Clear separation between modules, preventing messy interdependencies.
• The ability to change APIs quickly without worrying about versioning.
• Improved performance due to faster function calls within the same process.

However, this method also has drawbacks, such as challenges in scaling individual components independently. The author concludes by emphasizing that startups should delay implementing a distributed architecture until absolutely necessary to save costs and enhance efficiency.

The text describes an engaging project called "Santa's Magical Telephone," where users can interact with an AI version of Santa Claus. The author shares their excitement about talking to AI Santa, especially enjoying the jokes it tells. The project allows users to build their own version using resources available on GitHub, specifically libraries like "libpeer" and "pion." Users can connect to different voice AI providers or create their own. The author offers help for anyone facing challenges and shares additional hardware resources on their GitHub profile.

Key links:

• Product: Santa's Magical Telephone
• Video demo: Watch here
• GitHub for libpeer: libpeer
• GitHub for pion: pion
• Author's GitHub: sean-der

Austrian data privacy group noyb has won a case against Microsoft, which was found to have "illegally" tracked students through its 365 Education platform. The Austrian Data Protection Authority ruled that Microsoft failed to properly inform users about their data usage and improperly shifted responsibility for data privacy to schools.

The issue arose during the COVID-19 pandemic when many schools transitioned to online learning. When a complaint was made about accessing personal data, Microsoft directed the complainant to their school, which had limited ability to provide the necessary information.

The ruling requires Microsoft to disclose how it uses student data and clarify terms related to data processing. Microsoft argued that its operations in Ireland should govern this issue, but the authority maintained that decisions were made in the U.S.

Microsoft stated that its education tools comply with data protection standards and plans to review the decision. The case raises concerns about how big tech companies manage user data and their responsibilities under European data protection laws.

Vision-language models (VLMs) can help create real-time assistants and autonomous agents, but they struggle with understanding endless video streams without increasing latency and memory use. Traditional methods, like processing full videos or using sliding windows, have their downsides, such as high computational costs or loss of coherence.

To tackle this, we developed StreamingVLM, a model that allows for real-time and stable understanding of continuous visual input. It uses a unified framework that aligns training with how the model processes data in real time. During this process, it maintains a compact cache of information by reusing recent visual and text data. Our training method involves focusing on short overlapping video segments, which prepares the model for efficient real-time performance.

We evaluated StreamingVLM using a new benchmark called Inf-Streams-Eval, which consists of very long videos requiring precise alignment of frames and text. In these tests, StreamingVLM outperformed GPT-4O mini 66.18% of the time and maintained a steady performance of up to 8 frames per second on an NVIDIA H100. Additionally, our training method improved the model's general video question answering (VQA) skills without needing specific adjustments, boosting its performance on related benchmarks. The code for our model is available online.

The author built a robust chicken coop to protect against wildlife and harsh winters, but realized they needed an automatic door for the chickens. They created a device called the "Chicken Squisher 3000" to solve this problem without replacing the existing door.

The project used modern technology to simplify the process. Key components included a metal worm gear motor, a simple control circuit housed in a project box, and a light sensor to detect day and night. The system is powered by a 12V power supply and controlled by a microcontroller that manages the motor speed to ensure the door operates safely.

The microcontroller reads light levels to determine whether to open or close the door based on day or night conditions. The design is efficient, cost-effective, and prevents the door from pinching the chickens, making it a reliable solution for the coop.

Summary: Putting a Dumb Weather Station on the Internet

The author discusses their project of connecting a simple weather station to the internet using amateur radio technology.

1. The Problem: The author, a ham radio enthusiast, wants to share weather data but finds commercial weather stations expensive. They decide to create a low-cost solution using a basic wireless thermometer from Temu.

2. The Hardware: The device includes a transmitter that measures outdoor temperature and a base station that displays this data indoors. The author uses an RTL-SDR dongle to capture the 433MHz signals from the thermometer.

3. The Parser: The author uses the open-source rtl_433 application to decode the signals from the weather station and save the data in a format suitable for uploading.

4. The Uploader: They wrote a PowerShell script that listens for data from rtl_433, processes it, and sends it to APRS (Automatic Packet Reporting System) servers. This allows anyone with the right equipment to see the weather data.

5. The Tooter: To broaden access, they also set up a bot on Mastodon, a social media platform, to share weather updates. The bot posts data about temperature and humidity once an hour.

In conclusion, the project showcases how to make a simple weather station accessible online and through social media, making it easier for others to access real-time weather information.

The article discusses the current state of graphene technology two decades after its discovery in 2004. Initially celebrated for its remarkable properties, such as being stronger than steel yet lighter than paper, not all UK companies have successfully capitalized on its potential. While some, like 2D Photonics, are making strides with innovative products like graphene-based optical microchips that are more efficient and cost-effective than silicon chips, others are struggling to find a market.

2D Photonics, a startup from the University of Cambridge, has secured significant funding to scale up production and plans to manufacture graphene chips for various high-tech applications, including data centers and mobile systems. Other companies like Paragraf are also thriving, producing graphene electronics and sensors, while some firms, such as Applied Graphene Materials and Versarien, have faced challenges and have closed down or are in financial trouble.

Overall, the article highlights the mixed success of the graphene industry, emphasizing the difficulties of transitioning from research to mass production and market acceptance.

Fastmail has launched a dedicated desktop app for Mac, Windows, and Linux, making it easier to access your email. Key features include:

• Quick access from your dock or taskbar.
• Ability to set Fastmail as your default email client.
• Full offline support, allowing you to read emails and manage your calendar even without an internet connection; changes will sync once you're online again.
• A user-friendly experience that fits well with your operating system, including native notifications and menus.

To get started, simply download the app for your platform, sign in, and you’re all set!

PyTauri Summary

PyTauri is an open-source project that provides Python bindings for Tauri, a library for creating cross-platform graphical user interfaces (GUIs). It allows Python developers to build applications using Tauri's features without needing extensive Rust coding experience.

Key Features:

• Easy to run demos available.
• Requires a Rust compiler unless using pytauri-wheel, which allows everything to be done in Python.
• Can create and package standalone executables using tauri-cli.
• Offers security and speed by eliminating inter-process communication (IPC) overhead.
• Supports official Tauri plugins and allows custom plugin development.
• Fully supports asynchronous programming in Python.
• Provides a user-friendly API similar to Tauri's Rust API.
• Automatically generates TypeScript types for seamless integration.

Integration:

• Can be integrated with frameworks like NiceGUI, Gradio, and FastAPI for comprehensive full-stack Python development without Node.js.

Project Philosophy:

• Aims to be an alternative to other Python GUI frameworks like PyWebview and Pystray, providing a rich development experience.
• Encourages collaboration between Python and Rust developers, leveraging the strengths of both languages.

Usage and Community:

• Although still new, PyTauri is already being used for interesting projects, like an AI-powered file manager.
• The project relies on community contributions and support to thrive.

Licensing:

• Licensed under the Apache License 2.0.

For more information, visit the documentation at PyTauri Documentation or the source code on GitHub.

RustPython Summary

RustPython is an open-source Python 3 interpreter written in Rust. It allows Python to be used as a scripting language within Rust applications and can be compiled to WebAssembly for use in web browsers.

Key Features:

• Full Python 3 environment built entirely in Rust, without relying on CPython.
• Fast, reliable, and secure implementation suitable for Rust or web use.
• Free and open-source under the MIT license.

Installation Options:

• Install via Cargo: cargo install --git https://github.com/RustPython/RustPython rustpython
• Use WAPM: wapm install rustpython
• Use Conda: conda install rustpython -c conda-forge
• Build from source is also an option.

Goals: RustPython aims to provide similar benefits to other Python implementations, such as Jython (Java) and IronPython (.NET), but specifically for Rust. This enables easier integration with Rust applications and the ability to run Python code in the browser through WebAssembly.

Notable Contributors: A list of contributors includes windelbouwman, coolreader18, and others.

For more information or to contribute, visit the RustPython GitHub page.

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The Strimzi debugging project includes several key areas for troubleshooting and managing Kafka clusters. Here are the main points:

• Deploying a Kafka Cluster: Steps to set up a Kafka cluster.
• Monitoring Metrics: How to track and analyze Kafka performance.
• Diagnostic Data: Gathering information to identify issues.
• TLS Authentication: Setting up secure connections.
• Apicurio Registry: Using Kafka with this API design tool.
• Kafka Connect with Debezium: Integrating Kafka to capture database changes.
• Mirror Maker 2: Using it for backup and disaster recovery.
• Recovering Broker Volumes: Steps to restore storage in Kafka brokers.
• Rebalancing: Managing resource distribution using Cruise Control.
• Transactional Applications: Running applications that require consistent transactions.

This guide helps users effectively manage and troubleshoot their Kafka environments.

Summary: Preserving Scholarship for Future Generations

CLOCKSS is a global collaboration of academic publishers and research libraries dedicated to ensuring the long-term preservation of digital scholarship. They use innovative technology to create a sustainable online archive, protecting books, journals, and digital collections indefinitely.

Key Points:

• Digital Preservation: CLOCKSS preserves digital content securely, only making it accessible during specific "trigger" events.
• Worldwide Network: The preservation happens in 12 archive nodes at leading research libraries globally, safeguarding authoritative versions of various scholarly materials.
• Quality Assurance: Content is selected by research libraries and vetted by reputable academic publishers.
• Open Access: All preserved materials are assigned Creative Commons Open Access licenses, making them freely available to everyone.
• Community Collaboration: CLOCKSS works with libraries, publishers, and stakeholders to mitigate risks and reduce costs in digital preservation.

CLOCKSS is a financially secure, independent non-profit organization, focused on the future of scholarship preservation.

Goto, the leader of the Goto-gumi, has officially entered the U.S. on a special visa, even though he was previously banned from entering the country. This happened because of an agreement he made with the FBI.

Summary of pdfly Tool Overview

pdfly is a command-line interface (CLI) tool created in 2022 by Martin Thoma, designed for manipulating PDF files. It is part of the py-pdf organization and is built using Python, leveraging the fpdf2 and pypdf libraries.

Key Features:

• View PDF Metadata: Users can display file metadata and PDF data using commands like pdfly meta.
• File Manipulation:
  • Combine PDFs and extract specific pages (pdfly cat).
  • Remove pages (pdfly rm).
  • Convert images to PDF (pdfly x2pdf).
  • Compress PDFs (pdfly compress) and create booklets (pdfly 2-up & pdfly booklet).
• Content Extraction: Extract images and annotated text with commands like pdfly extract-images and pdfly extract-annotated-text.
• Editing Support: The pdfly update-offsets command helps fix PDFs that have been manually edited.

Latest Release (Version 0.5.0): This version introduces new features:

• Signing PDFs: pdfly sign allows users to sign documents, while pdfly check-sign verifies signatures.
• Annotated Page Extraction: pdfly extract-annotated-pages pulls out only the annotated pages for easier review.
• Page Rotation: Users can rotate specific pages using pdfly rotate.

Future Developments: The team is looking for feedback and suggestions for improvements. They also have plans for new features and welcome contributions from new developers.

Summary of Wireguard FPGA Project

The Wireguard FPGA project aims to create an open-source, hardware-based implementation of the Wireguard VPN protocol using an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) to enhance internet security. Traditional VPN solutions are becoming outdated, and Wireguard offers a modern, efficient alternative. However, existing hardware solutions are often expensive and proprietary, which this project seeks to address.

Key Points:

• Objective: Develop an affordable, standalone Wireguard implementation on Artix7 FPGA supported by open-source tools, using Verilog/System Verilog.
• Background: Previous work on the Blackwire project (a 100Gbps Wireguard hardware implementation) highlighted issues with cost and proprietary dependencies, prompting the need for a more accessible solution.
• Phased Approach: The project is divided into phases, starting with a proof of concept (Phase 1) and planning future enhancements based on community feedback.
• Challenges: Key challenges include hardware/software integration, real-time testing, and ensuring adequate funding and resources.
• HW/SW Architecture: The system will have a control plane (software) for managing VPN connections and a data plane (hardware) for processing traffic at high speeds.

Project Execution:

• The project will progress through various stages, including hardware setup, software development, and testing.
• Each phase will focus on implementing and refining functionalities, such as establishing secure VPN tunnels and optimizing performance.

Conclusion: The Wireguard FPGA project is an innovative effort to create a cost-effective, open-source solution for secure communications, aiming to enhance accessibility in the field of internet security.

Cine Remote is an app that lets you control Canon cameras remotely using WiFi.

Key Points:

• Supported Cameras: Currently, it works with Canon C100II, EOS 70D, and EOS R7. The app is based on reverse engineering, so some features may not work perfectly.

• Features:

  • Network Discovery: Find nearby compatible cameras.
  • Pairing: Connect to and remember recently used cameras.
  • Camera Control: Adjust settings like aperture, ISO, shutter angle, and white balance.
  • Recording and Capturing: Start/stop recording and take photos.
  • Live View Preview: Check exposure and framing in real-time.
  • Demo Mode: Try the app without a supported camera.

• Limitations:

  • The Canon C100II cannot capture images.
  • The EOS 70D cannot record movies while WiFi is on.

• Future Plans: Improve camera discovery, support more camera models, and enhance error handling.

Overall, Cine Remote is a useful tool for controlling certain Canon cameras remotely, with ongoing development to expand its capabilities.

Windows 10 will no longer be supported after October 14, 2025. This means you won't receive any technical assistance, feature updates, or security updates. If you have a device running Windows 10, you should consider upgrading to Windows 11 for better security and efficiency. If your device can't run Windows 11, you can either enroll in the Extended Security Updates (ESU) program for Windows 10 or get a new device that supports Windows 11.

Your options include:

1. Upgrade to Windows 11: If your PC meets the requirements, check for the free upgrade in Settings.
2. Buy a new PC with Windows 11: If your current PC is not eligible, explore options for new PCs with Windows 11 pre-installed.
3. Extended Security Updates (ESU): If you need more time, this program offers protection for Windows 10 devices for up to a year after the support ends.

Key points to know:

• After October 14, 2025, Windows 10 will still work but without updates, making it vulnerable to security risks.
• Support for Microsoft 365 Apps and non-subscription versions of Office will also end, so upgrading to Windows 11 is recommended.
• You can transfer files to a new PC easily using Windows Backup.
• Consider trade-in and recycling options for your old computer when purchasing a new one.

In summary, upgrading to Windows 11 is essential for ongoing support and security.

Preprint repositories like arXiv help scientists share their results quickly, but they also come with security risks. These platforms allow access to various materials, including original source files, which can unintentionally reveal sensitive information. A recent study analyzed over 1.2 TB of data from 100,000 arXiv submissions to identify these risks. The researchers developed a four-step framework called LaTeXpOsEd to find hidden sensitive information in files and comments. They tested 25 advanced language models to evaluate their ability to detect leaks.

The findings revealed numerous security issues, including personal information leaks, GPS data, and exposed private links and credentials. This information could harm the reputation of both researchers and institutions. The researchers urge action to fix these security problems and have shared their methods publicly while keeping sensitive findings confidential to prevent misuse. More details can be found on their project website.

Summary:

As of October 6, 2025, the installer "uv" has surpassed "pip" in popularity for Continuous Integration (CI) downloads in Wagtail projects, accounting for 66% of CI downloads compared to pip's 34%. This trend suggests that the Wagtail core team may need to update their installation guides and templates to reflect the growing preference for uv, which is often seen as the better option.

Similar trends are observed in other projects like Django and FastAPI, where uv also shows significant usage in CI. For example, uv accounts for 21% of total Django downloads and 43% of CI downloads, while for FastAPI, it represents 31% of total downloads and 60% of CI downloads.

Wagtail's download statistics for September 2025 show a total of 480,000 downloads, with 55% via pip and 28% via uv. In CI specifically, uv downloads make up 66%, indicating a clear shift in user preference.

The data may fluctuate month to month, but the overall trend points to uv becoming the dominant installer. For more detailed insights and statistics, one can refer to PyPI download statistics on the Python forum.

The Rhine Cycle Route is a 1,450 km (900 miles) bike path that runs from the North Sea in the Netherlands to the Swiss Alps, with 87% of it being car-free. It is part of the EuroVelo cycling network, which aims to connect Europe by bike by 2030. The route offers a mix of cultural experiences and scenic views, including the Dutch polders, the Rhine Falls, and historic sites.

The author, who attempted the ride due to difficulties transporting a bicycle to France, traveled light with minimal luggage and aimed to cover about 145 km (90 miles) each day. Starting in the Netherlands, he navigated well-designed bike paths and adjusted to local cycling rules. Throughout the journey, he faced challenges such as navigating unclear paths and dealing with weather changes but also enjoyed beautiful landscapes and encounters with locals.

As he progressed, he found joy in the journey itself, rather than just the destination. The trip ended at Lai da Tuma in the Swiss Alps, marking the source of the Rhine River. The experience highlighted the benefits of slow travel and the connections made along the way.

Summary of Modern Linux Tools

Modern Unix Alternatives: A collection of updated command-line tools that offer better performance and usability compared to traditional Unix commands.

Key CLI Replacements:

• bat: Enhanced version of cat with syntax highlighting.
• exa: A modern alternative to ls, though not actively maintained.
• eza: A fork of exa, similar functionality.
• lsd: Advanced version of ls that maintains compatibility.
• delta: A viewer for git and diff outputs.
• ncdu: A user-friendly disk usage tool with a visual interface.
• dust: A more intuitive alternative to du, written in Rust.
• duf: An improved version of df for disk usage.
• broot: An interactive tree view tool with navigation.
• fd: A fast and user-friendly find command.
• ripgrep: A speedy grep alternative that honors gitignore files.
• ag: A fast code search tool similar to ack.
• fzf: A fuzzy finder for command-line searches.
• bfs: A breadth-first search alternative.
• mcfly: A tool to quickly navigate shell history.
• choose: A faster, user-friendly alternative to cut and awk.
• jq: A command-line tool for processing JSON data.
• sd: A user-friendly find/replace tool.
• bottom: A graphical system monitor.
• glances: An alternative to top/htop for system monitoring.
• gtop: A terminal-based system monitoring dashboard.
• hyperfine: A benchmarking tool for command-line commands.
• gping: A graphical ping tool.
• procs: A Rust-based replacement for the ps command.
• httpie: A modern HTTP client that's easy to use.
• curlie: Combines the power of curl with the simplicity of httpie.
• xh: A performance-focused alternative to httpie.
• zoxide: A smarter way to navigate directories.
• micro: A modern text editor for the terminal.
• nnn: A lightweight terminal file manager.

New CLI Tools:

• up: A tool for live previewing pipes.

Help Tools:

• ManKier: Simplifies shell command explanations.
• tldr: Shortened man pages with practical examples.
• tealdeer: A fast, Rust-based implementation of tldr.
• explainshell: Matches command-line arguments with help text.
• cheat.sh: A collection of unified cheatsheets.

GUI Tools:

• baobab: A graphical disk usage analyzer.
• stacer: A system optimizer and monitoring tool.

These tools represent a shift towards more efficient, user-friendly command-line and GUI utilities for Linux users.

Manuel Esparza bought a 1979 Chinon CM-4 film camera and created a plan to understand its workings before using it. His three-step approach involves:

1. Understanding the Camera: He references a detailed manual by Michael Butkus to learn how each feature influences photo quality.

2. Learning About the Lens: He aims to comprehend the lens specifications and how optics function in photography.

3. Taking Photos: Through practical experience, he hopes to identify his technical skill gaps.

He provides insights into the camera's specifications, explaining key terms like:

• 35mm SLR: Refers to the type of camera and film size.
• Exposure: Involves ISO, aperture, and shutter speed, which affect light sensitivity and image brightness.
• Viewfinder: Uses a pentaprism to show the scene accurately, with focusing aids to help achieve sharp images.

He also discusses the camera's shutter and mirror mechanisms, which are designed to minimize vibration and improve image quality.

Despite a mishap with film loading that resulted in blank photos, he concludes that understanding camera specifications is crucial for photography and encourages curiosity and exploration in learning new topics.

Summary of Space Harrier at 40

"Space Harrier," released by Sega in 1985, is a groundbreaking 3D arcade game that combines elements of a flight simulator and an immersive rollercoaster experience. Players control a character named Harrier, who flies through vibrant, surreal landscapes while battling alien enemies. Originally intended to be a military flight shooter, the game evolved into a colorful adventure inspired by fantasy films.

A key feature of "Space Harrier" is its motion cabinet, which physically moves players in response to the game’s actions, creating a fully immersive experience. The game also features a catchy synth-pop soundtrack and voice prompts, enhancing the sensory engagement.

Designer Yu Suzuki aimed to create "body sensation" games that fully involved players, leading to other hits like "OutRun" and "After Burner." Although "Space Harrier" is now 40 years old, it remains a timeless classic, still capable of captivating players today, despite the decline of arcade culture and the challenges of maintaining vintage machines.

The article discusses Conway's Law, which states that systems reflect the structures and communication patterns of the organizations that create them. While this law initially seems to relate only to organizational structure, it also reveals deeper issues, such as ambiguity and indecision within the system.

When teams create complex systems without clear decisions, the resulting design can become confusing and unclear. For instance, different parts of a system might use the same terms (like "approved") in varying ways, leading to a lack of shared understanding.

To address these issues, the article suggests using outcome-driven modeling, which focuses on what users want to achieve rather than just who they are. This approach clarifies system design by prioritizing users' goals.

Additionally, the concept of bounded contexts from Domain-Driven Design is introduced. It emphasizes that different parts of a system can have their own meanings, and sometimes duplication can enhance clarity instead of causing confusion.

Ultimately, the article emphasizes that systems not only reflect organizational structure but also highlight the indecisions and shortcuts of their creators. It encourages reflection on what we are willing to acknowledge about ourselves in the systems we build.

The author expresses their struggle with using Git, finding its commands confusing and difficult to work with. Despite using Git for years, they relied on a workaround to fix issues. They heard positive things about Jujutsu, a version control system (VCS) that simplifies Git, but initially dismissed it. However, after experimenting with it and seeking help, they finally grasped how Jujutsu operates, finding it more intuitive and enjoyable.

Key differences between Jujutsu and Git include:

1. Commit Structure: In Git, commits are immutable and represent a fixed point in time. Jujutsu treats commits as flexible and allows for easy modifications before pushing them to a remote repository.

2. No Staging Area: Jujutsu does not have a staging area; all changes are automatically included in a commit, making the workflow simpler.

3. Branching: Creating branches in Jujutsu is less formal; you can create a new commit without needing to name a branch, which simplifies the process.

4. Conflict Management: Jujutsu handles conflicts more flexibly, allowing users to continue working without stopping to resolve conflicts immediately.

5. Snapshots: Jujutsu automatically saves intermediate changes, allowing users to revert to previous states easily without losing work.

The author encourages readers to explore Jujutsu, suggesting that it can streamline workflows and enhance understanding of version control. They also provide commands and personal aliases to help users get started with Jujutsu. Overall, Jujutsu offers a more accessible and less intimidating approach to version control compared to Git.

Researchers at NTNU have developed a new GPS technology called SmartNav, which aims to improve the accuracy of GPS navigation, especially in urban areas where tall buildings can distort signals. This technology is crucial for self-driving cars that need precise location data to operate safely. Current GPS systems often struggle in cities, leading to inaccurate positioning due to signal reflections from buildings.

SmartNav utilizes advanced algorithms and combines various technologies to enhance GPS signal accuracy to within centimeters. It integrates new methods, like using the carrier phase of satellite signals instead of traditional code signals, which can be disrupted in urban environments. The researchers also leverage Google’s 3D mapping technology to predict how signals will behave in cityscapes, improving navigation on mobile devices.

In tests conducted in Trondheim, SmartNav achieved an impressive accuracy of better than ten centimeters 90% of the time. This technology promises to make high-precision GPS accessible to the public without the need for expensive equipment or services, potentially transforming navigation for both autonomous vehicles and everyday users.

No summary available.

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Summary of NVIDIA DGX Spark Review

The NVIDIA DGX Spark is an innovative all-in-one workstation that brings supercomputing capabilities to a compact desktop form. It features a sleek design with a full-metal chassis and impressive connectivity options, including multiple USB-C ports and high-speed Ethernet.

Hardware Highlights:

• The DGX Spark is powered by the NVIDIA GB10 Grace Blackwell Superchip, which includes 20 CPU cores and delivers significant AI performance.
• It has 128 GB of unified memory that can be accessed by both the CPU and GPU, allowing for efficient operation of large AI models without data transfer delays.
• Although the memory bandwidth is limited, the machine can handle complex models, making it suitable for prototyping and experimentation.

Performance Insights:

• Benchmarks show that while the DGX Spark performs well, it does not match the speed of larger GPU systems for heavy workloads. However, it excels with smaller models when batching is used.
• It supports advanced techniques like speculative decoding, which can enhance performance by allowing draft models to predict outputs in advance.

Use Cases:

• The DGX Spark is ideal for model prototyping, lightweight on-device AI inference, and research into memory-coherent architectures.
• It comes pre-installed with Docker, enabling users to easily serve models and interact with them through an OpenAI-compatible API.

Conclusion: The NVIDIA DGX Spark represents a significant step towards making advanced AI tools accessible for developers and researchers. It effectively combines high performance with a user-friendly design, allowing for local AI experimentation without relying on cloud infrastructure.

Summary: Two Paths to Memory Safety: CHERI and OMA in the Fight Against Cyber Threats

Cybercrime has caused significant financial losses and even fatalities, highlighting a serious vulnerability in computer systems. A major root cause of these issues is memory safety problems, which account for about 70% of software vulnerabilities. Current CPUs are ineffective at preventing these vulnerabilities, and traditional software fixes are inadequate.

To address this crisis, two architectural approaches have emerged:

1. CHERI (Capability Hardware Enhanced RISC Instructions): Developed by the University of Cambridge, CHERI enhances traditional instruction sets with hardware capabilities that ensure safe memory access. It provides strong referential and spatial safety but relies on software for temporal safety, which can complicate implementation. CHERI is best suited for embedded systems using languages like C and C++.

2. OMA (Object Memory Architecture): Developed by Doubtless Computing, OMA fundamentally rethinks memory management by treating every allocation as a hardware object with its own identity. This architecture provides temporal safety through hardware garbage collection, improving performance significantly for managed languages like Python and Java. OMA is designed for server-class processors and data centers.

The two approaches have distinct trade-offs: CHERI allows for incremental adoption and maintains compatibility with existing systems, while OMA offers superior performance but requires deeper architectural changes. Both architectures aim to eliminate memory safety vulnerabilities, making them suitable for different environments.

In conclusion, CHERI and OMA are complementary solutions to the memory safety crisis, each optimized for specific use cases. Their development is crucial as organizations face increasing cyber threats, and adopting these hardware solutions is essential for improving cybersecurity.

In March 2016, Turkish software engineer Mehmet Nuri Öztürk encountered a frustrating bug when trying to compile his code using the newly released Kotlin programming language. This issue stemmed from the Kotlin compiler's handling of Turkish language settings, specifically a problem with uppercase and lowercase letter conversions that took years to identify and resolve.

Initially, Öztürk received an unclear error message, prompting him to post on a Kotlin forum. Another programmer, Muhammed Demirbaş, later discovered that the compiler's failure was linked to how it processed Turkish letters. In Turkish, the lowercase version of the letter "I" is dotless (ı), which caused mismatches when the compiler attempted to convert strings to lowercase.

This bug persisted and became more problematic with the introduction of coroutines in Kotlin 1.3 in late 2018. When Turkish developers upgraded to this version, they encountered errors related to function names generated by the compiler that did not exist due to the same locale-sensitive conversion issues.

After several years and multiple bug reports from Turkish developers, Fatih Doğan finally pinpointed the cause of the issue in September 2019, leading to a fix in Kotlin 1.3.6. However, similar problems continued to arise, including a notable bug with the intArrayOf() function that was ultimately resolved in Kotlin 1.5 in May 2021.

The Kotlin team recognized the need for a more robust solution and worked on creating new functions that would avoid locale sensitivity, resulting in the introduction of locale-agnostic case conversion functions in Kotlin 1.5. Furthermore, by Kotlin 2.1, the ambiguous capitalize() function was removed to prevent future confusion.

This story highlights the importance of a programming language's standard library and how even simple operations can lead to complex challenges due to linguistic variations.

The author created an iOS app called Ambi because they were frustrated with existing white noise apps that have ads or require payments for basic features. Ambi offers a simple interface with free ambient sounds like rain and waves. Users can mix sounds and adjust volume levels, and the app works offline without any hidden fees. It was initially made for personal use, but the author hopes others will find it helpful and welcomes feedback.

The text is a guide for setting up iOS development using Visual Studio Code (VS Code). It provides a step-by-step process to help users get started with creating iOS applications. The guide likely includes instructions on installing necessary tools, configuring the environment, and using VS Code effectively for iOS development. Overall, it's aimed at making the setup process straightforward and accessible for developers.

Summary of ktx

ktx is a command-line tool for Kotlin and the JVM that allows you to install and run Maven Central packages or Kotlin scripts easily.

Installation Methods:

1. Recommended: Use SDKMAN with the command sdk install ktx.
2. Install Script: Run curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mpetuska/ktx/master/scripts/install.sh | bash.
3. Build from Source: Use curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mpetuska/ktx/master/scripts/install-snapshot.sh | bash.

Uninstallation Methods:

1. Recommended: Check installed versions with sdk list ktx and uninstall with sdk uninstall ktx <version>.
2. Install Script: Run the uninstall script located at $HOME/.ktx/uninstall.sh.

Usage: After installation, you can use the ktx command in your terminal. For help, use ktx -h. Key commands include:

• ktx run [URL] to execute a script from the web or local file.
• ktx install [URL] to install a script.

Example Commands:

• To run a script: ktx run https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mpetuska/ktx/master/kts-samples/gw.main.kts -- clean build -Pversion="0.0.0".
• To install a script: ktx install https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mpetuska/ktx/master/kts-samples/gw.main.kts.
• To clean scripts: ktx clean --scripts.

You can also look at sample scripts in the kts-samples repository for practice.

Summary of Military Hardware: Tanks, Bombers, Submarines and More

In 2005, the Swedish submarine HMS Gotland, worth around $100 million, successfully simulated attacks on the U.S. aircraft carrier USS Ronald Reagan, valued at $6 billion, during training exercises off the California coast. This incident highlighted the effectiveness of air-independent propulsion (AIP) submarines, which are hard to detect. The U.S. Navy responded by leasing Gotland for two years to improve its anti-submarine warfare (ASW) tactics.

Key takeaways include:

• AIP submarines like Gotland can operate stealthily for long periods without surfacing, making them difficult to track.
• The U.S. Navy recognized a training gap in dealing with such quiet submarines, as they had focused more on land conflicts in preceding years.
• The experience led to enhancements in ASW technology, tactics, and a renewed emphasis on training against quiet adversaries.
• The collaboration benefited both the U.S. Navy, which improved its capabilities, and Sweden, which gained insights into American ASW processes.

Overall, the episode stressed the importance of adapting naval strategies to effectively counter modern threats, particularly from quiet submarines, ensuring that aircraft carriers remain protected and effective in future operations.

The article discusses the complexities and limitations of environment variables (envvars) in programming, which are used to pass information to applications at runtime. Here are the key points:

1. Legacy Issues: Environment variables are an outdated method of managing settings for applications, lacking features like namespaces and types, leading to a flat structure of global strings.

2. Propagation: Envvars are passed from a parent process to its child processes during execution. This is done through the system call execve, which takes the environment variables as an array.

3. Storage in Programming Languages:

   • Bash: Uses a stack of hashmaps to manage envvars, allowing local variables to be exported.
   • C (glibc): Uses a dynamic array for envvars, which can be inefficient due to linear time complexity for access.
   • Python: Uses the C library's envvars but has a one-way update system, where changes in Python don’t reflect back in the C array.

4. Format Flexibility: The Linux kernel allows various formats for envvars, including non-standard characters, but this can lead to issues if not managed correctly.

5. Best Practices: Although POSIX standards suggest using uppercase letters for envvar names, lowercase names are encouraged to avoid conflicts. The recommended format for names is to use uppercase letters, digits, and underscores, while values should ideally be in UTF-8 or follow the POSIX Portable Character Set.

The author emphasizes the importance of understanding these quirks and limitations to use environment variables effectively in software development.

No summary available.