Summary of the Investigation Report on the November 2025 Economic and Fiscal Outlook Publication Error

In December 2025, an investigation was launched into a serious error where the Office for Budget Responsibility's (OBR) Economic and Fiscal Outlook (EFO) was accessed prematurely, just before the Chancellor's Budget speech. The investigation was overseen by Laura Gardiner, Chief of Staff at the OBR, with support from experts.

Key findings include:

1. Nature of the Error: The premature access was not intentional or due to a simple mistake. The OBR had believed its security measures were in place, but they were not applied correctly, allowing easy access to the document.

2. Reputation Damage: This incident is considered the worst failure in the OBR's 15-year history and has harmed its reputation significantly. The OBR's Chair has apologized for this breach.

3. Market Sensitivity: The EFO contains sensitive information that can impact financial markets, making any leaks concerning it a serious issue.

4. Security Oversight: The investigation revealed that the OBR's online publication processes were under-resourced and lacked proper attention to security. Previous audits did not identify the vulnerability that led to this breach.

5. Recommendations: To prevent future incidents, the OBR needs to overhaul its publication process. Suggested solutions include moving to a more secure online publishing arrangement or potentially having the Treasury handle EFO publications, ensuring independence is maintained.

6. Future Actions: Immediate changes are necessary to restore trust, and new publication arrangements must be ready by the next EFO in Spring 2026.

The report emphasizes the importance of improving security and resource allocation to handle the sensitive nature of the OBR's publications effectively.

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The text seems to list sections or features related to "Yaky's," which include:

• Home
• Reads
• Notes
• Apps

These likely represent different areas or functionalities within a platform or application called Yaky's.

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Summary:

The founder of Set Studio and Piccalilli reflects on a challenging year for their bootstrapped company, citing economic struggles, political instability, and a cost-of-living crisis. They have faced difficulties securing projects, particularly because they refuse to engage in AI product marketing, prioritizing their reputation and ethical standards.

Set Studio excels at creating user-friendly websites and offers valuable educational content through Piccalilli, which is funded by premium courses. However, this year’s Black Friday sales have not met expectations, making it crucial for them to receive support.

The founder encourages readers to take advantage of their Black Friday deals on new courses, share their offerings on social media to enhance visibility, and consider hiring Set Studio for projects. They emphasize their commitment to quality work at fair prices, aiming to be a supportive partner for clients.

The message aims to foster community support, with a call for transparency and honesty about the struggles they face, while also expressing solidarity with others experiencing similar challenges.

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Summary of "A Love Letter to FreeBSD"

The author expresses their admiration for FreeBSD, highlighting its calm, reliable nature compared to the noisy, trend-driven world of computing. They appreciate how FreeBSD feels thoughtfully designed, emphasizing stability and long-term trust, much like mainframes of the past.

The letter discusses the importance of maintaining high uptime and the potential for FreeBSD to support both server and desktop environments without compromising on reliability. The author hopes for a clear distinction between stable and experimental software packages, ensuring that the core system remains dependable.

They stress the need for a supportive community focused on thoughtful engineering, free from unnecessary debates, and urge continued collaboration with hardware vendors to keep FreeBSD relevant in the market. The author dreams of a future where FreeBSD is recognized as a trusted platform, embodying the enduring qualities of Unix, and hopes it remains distinct and reliable in a fast-changing tech landscape.

Overall, the letter reflects a desire for FreeBSD to continue being a strong, dependable choice for users who value stability over hype.

Summary of Trifold

Trifold is a tool designed for deploying static websites using a content delivery network (CDN), making it affordable to host sites made of HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and images. It is ideal for users of static-site generators like Hugo and Netlify, offering a simple command-line interface (CLI) for:

• Creating new projects without using the CDN web interface.
• Syncing and clearing cache for local files.
• Setting up a custom domain with SSL.
• Setting a monthly spending limit to avoid unexpected costs.
• Using edge functions for redirects.

Trifold was created in response to the decline of friendly free tiers for indie developers and students, providing a reliable and cost-effective alternative to services like Cloudflare Pages and GitHub Pages.

Installation: Users can run Trifold using the "uv" tool without a separate installation. It can also be installed via Python package managers like pip.

Pricing: Currently, Trifold supports bunny.net as its CDN provider, which offers affordable rates starting at $0.01/GB for storage and bandwidth. Hosting a typical static site is very cheap, and even with high traffic, costs remain low. Users can host multiple low-traffic sites for a minimum of $1 per month.

Summary of Writing a Good CLAUDE.md

Key Principles:

1. LLMs are Stateless: Language models (LLMs) like Claude don't remember past sessions. Each session starts fresh, so you need to provide context every time.
2. CLAUDE.md Purpose: This file is used to onboard Claude with essential information about your codebase, including:
   • WHAT: Details about the technology, project structure, and codebase map.
   • WHY: The purpose of the project and functions of its parts.
   • HOW: Instructions on how to work within the project (e.g., tool preferences).

Best Practices for CLAUDE.md:

• Keep It Concise: Limit the number of instructions. Too many can confuse the model, and it may ignore less relevant content.
• Focus on Universality: Include only instructions that are broadly applicable to all tasks in the project. Avoid overly specific commands.
• Length Recommendations: Aim for under 300 lines; shorter is better. A concise file allows for more effective use of the context window.
• Progressive Disclosure: Use separate files for task-specific instructions and refer to them in CLAUDE.md. This keeps the main file clean and relevant.
• Avoid Code Style Guidelines: Don’t use CLAUDE.md for linting or style rules. Instead, rely on dedicated tools for formatting and linting tasks.
• Manual Creation: Don't auto-generate CLAUDE.md. Take the time to carefully craft its contents, as it significantly impacts the performance of your coding agent.

Conclusion: CLAUDE.md should effectively onboard Claude to your project by clearly defining its purpose, structure, and operational guidelines. Focus on clarity and relevance to improve Claude's performance in your coding tasks.

Summary: How to Run Profitable Pricing Experiments

Running pricing experiments is different from standard A/B testing. While typical tests focus on reducing friction to improve conversion rates, pricing tests center on understanding value perception and unit economics. This involves a trade-off between conversion rates and profit margins.

Key Concepts:

1. Willingness to Pay (WTP): The maximum price customers are willing to pay. Pricing experiments help find the best price point for maximizing revenue.
2. Price Elasticity: Understanding how demand changes with price is crucial. High elasticity means customers can easily find alternatives if prices rise, while low elasticity indicates customers will stick with your product despite price increases.

Testing Strategies:

• Higher Prices: Test increases for luxury or proprietary goods, where higher prices may enhance perceived value.
• Lower Prices: Test decreases for consumables or competitive markets to drive volume and customer loyalty.

Frameworks for Pricing Experiments:

1. Margin Hunter: Focus on raising prices to increase profit without significantly losing sales volume.
2. Context Game: Use anchoring and decoys to manipulate perceived value.
3. Volume Play: Lower prices to increase sales volume, focusing on long-term customer acquisition.

Execution Tips:

• Use server-side tools to ensure price changes are consistent throughout the buying process.
• Isolate variables to understand what impacts sales.
• Keep ads price-agnostic to avoid confusion and maintain consistent customer acquisition costs.

Analyzing Results:

• Focus on Gross Profit Per Visitor (GPPV) instead of just conversion rates to evaluate success.
• A decrease in conversion rate can still lead to higher profits if margins increase.

Conclusion: Effective pricing requires courage and a willingness to experiment. By leveraging the right frameworks and metrics, businesses can make informed pricing decisions that enhance profitability instead of relying on guesswork.

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Summary of "Victorian-Style Lines for the Web: Elements of Identical Width"

This tutorial teaches you how to create a repeating CSS border for your website using Victorian-style graphics from the 1800s. You will utilize the free Inkscape software to achieve this.

Key Steps:

1. Choose a Border: Select a border design from a copyright-free source, ensuring it consists of identical-width repeating elements.

2. Vectorize the Image: Import the selected border into Inkscape and convert it into a vector image (SVG).

3. Separate Elements: Divide the border into individual repeating parts and ensure they are distinct.

4. Uniform Width: Adjust each element to have the same width (22px) for consistent repetition.

5. Create CSS: Write CSS code to set the width of the border so it never cuts off mid-element. Use the CSS round() function to keep the width a multiple of 22px.

6. Handle Max-Width Issues: If there's a max-width set on the <hr> element, consider wrapping it in a <div> or using !important to prevent cutting off the border.

By following these steps, you can design a decorative, repeating border that adapts to different widths on your website.

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Summary of X210Ai

X210Ai is a new motherboard designed to upgrade the Thinkpad X201/200. Here are the key features:

1. CPU Options: Supports Ultra 7 165H and Ultra 9 185H processors.
2. Storage: Can accommodate two M.2 SSDs (one 2280 and one 2242) and retains the original 2.5-inch SATA.
3. Memory: Supports DDR5 RAM up to 128GB (64GB + 64GB) at 5600MHz.
4. Ports: Includes two Type-C ports—one with Thunderbolt 4.0 and another full-function Type-C.
5. Video Output: Features HDMI 2.1 output.
6. Display Compatibility: Supports displays similar to X2100, including the original X201/200 screens and various resolutions (up to 3000×2000).
7. 4G/5G Connectivity: Includes WWAN support for mobile networks.
8. Cooling: SATA position allows for the installation of a second fan.
9. New Daughterboard: Features a new daughterboard.
10. Coreboot Support: Currently, coreboot support is not guaranteed, but efforts are being made to explore options.

For more information on timelines, downloads, pricing, and orders, links are provided.

DeepSeek-Math Collection Summary

• The DeepSeek Math series consists of 6 items.
• The collection was recently updated 4 days ago.

Total items in the collection: 41.

Summary of "Algorithms for Optimization, Second Edition"

This book, written by Mykel J. Kochenderfer and Tim A. Wheeler, focuses on various algorithms used for optimization, an important area in mathematics and computer science. It covers both theoretical concepts and practical applications.

Key Sections:

1. Introduction: Discusses the history of optimization, the optimization process, mathematical formulations, and real-world applications.

2. Derivatives and Gradients: Explains how to calculate derivatives, including in multiple dimensions and using numerical and automatic differentiation.

3. Bracketing: Introduces methods for finding optimal values, including Fibonacci and Golden Section searches.

4. Local Descent: Covers techniques for improving solutions, such as gradient descent and trust region methods.

5. First-Order Methods: Details various algorithms like Adam and RMSProp that use gradients for optimization.

6. Second-Order Methods: Discusses advanced methods like Newton's Method and Quasi-Newton methods.

7. Direct Methods: Explores straightforward techniques such as Powell's Method and the Nelder-Mead Simplex Method.

8. Stochastic Methods: Reviews methods that incorporate randomness, such as simulated annealing and genetic algorithms.

9. Population Methods: Focuses on techniques that use a group of solutions, including genetic algorithms and particle swarm optimization.

10. Constraints: Explains how to handle constrained optimization problems using methods like Lagrange multipliers.

11. Duality: Discusses the relationship between primal and dual optimization problems and related methods.

12. Linear Programming: Introduces linear programming problems and the Simplex algorithm.

13. Quadratic Programming: Covers quadratic optimization problems and techniques for solving them.

The book includes exercises to reinforce learning and is designed for readers interested in optimization algorithms in various fields.

Eric Wastl created Advent of Code, a series of programming puzzles suitable for different skill levels. Participants can solve these puzzles in any programming language, making them great for interview preparation, training, and practice. You don't need a computer science degree; basic programming knowledge is enough, and the puzzles can be solved on older hardware.

If you want to support Advent of Code, you can share it on social media or contribute through AoC++.

Here are some tips for solving puzzles:

• Test your solution against the examples provided.
• If you're stuck, consider building your own test cases or asking for help.
• There's a subreddit for hints and assistance.

Key FAQs include:

• Code can be selected by triple-clicking.
• Authentication is done through OAuth, ensuring your credentials are secure.
• Puzzle difficulty varies; they generally get harder over time.
• Puzzles unlock at midnight EST, but you can participate anytime.
• The global leaderboard was removed due to stress and misuse; private leaderboards are available instead.

Participants are encouraged to solve puzzles without using AI, as the challenges are meant for human problem-solving. Copying content from Advent of Code is prohibited, but linking to puzzles is allowed.

Advent of Code is a registered trademark and all its content is protected by copyright.

Summary of the N-Body Simulator

The N-Body Simulator is designed to explore the complex gravitational interactions of multiple bodies in space, focusing particularly on the three-body problem. This problem involves predicting the movements of three celestial bodies based on their initial positions, masses, and velocities. Unlike the simpler two-body problem, the three-body problem does not have a straightforward solution, making numerical simulation essential for studying it.

Key Features:

1. Gravitational Modeling: The simulator uses Newton's law of universal gravitation to calculate gravitational forces between bodies. Each body is affected by the forces from all others, requiring complex calculations.

2. Integration Methods:

   • Velocity Verlet: This method conserves energy well over long periods, making it ideal for simulating stable orbits.
   • 4th-order Runge-Kutta (RK4): Offers high accuracy for shorter simulations but can lead to errors over time.

3. Preset Configurations: The simulator includes various famous orbits, such as the figure-eight orbit and Lagrange triangular configuration, along with newly discovered 3D orbits.

4. Interactive Features: Users can control the simulation in real-time, adjust parameters, and explore different initial conditions.

5. Energy Conservation Metrics: The simulator tracks total energy and energy drift to assess accuracy. Ideal energy conservation shows minimal drift, indicating a reliable simulation.

6. Understanding Total Energy: In gravitational systems, total energy is often negative, indicating that the bodies are gravitationally bound and stable in their orbits.

7. Feedback: Users are encouraged to provide feedback to improve the simulator.

Overall, the N-Body Simulator is a powerful tool for visualizing and understanding gravitational dynamics and the behavior of multiple celestial bodies.

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Summary of Migrating Dillo from GitHub

Rodrigo Arias Mallo plans to move the Dillo project from GitHub to a self-hosted server due to various issues with GitHub. The original Dillo website was lost in 2022, which prompted the need for a more reliable setup.

Key Issues with GitHub:

1. JavaScript Dependency: GitHub's frontend requires JavaScript, making it difficult to manage issues and pull requests using Dillo.
2. Single Point of Failure: GitHub is controlled by one entity, which could ban the project, risking data loss.
3. Performance Issues: GitHub has become slower and requires a fast internet connection.
4. User Moderation Challenges: It lacks effective moderation tools for projects with many non-technical users, leading to developer burnout.
5. Focus on AI: GitHub's emphasis on AI negatively affects the open web and restricts accessibility for Dillo users.

New Self-Hosted Setup: Rodrigo has created a new domain, dillo-browser.org, and set up a small VPS to host Dillo. He uses a lightweight git frontend called cgit that doesn't require JavaScript and has developed a simple bug tracker, "buggy," that stores bugs in a git repository for easy offline editing.

Mirroring and Data Safety: All important data is stored in git repositories, which can be mirrored on other platforms like Codeberg and Sourcehut, reducing reliance on any single service. This setup helps prevent catastrophic data loss.

OpenPGP Signatures: The new site includes OpenPGP signatures to ensure authenticity, allowing for secure verification even if the DNS entry is lost.

Final Remarks: The migration will take time, but GitHub repositories will remain accessible until the process is complete. The new setup is environmentally friendly, and financial support is sought through Liberapay to sustain operations for the next few years.

The article discusses the author's experience switching from GitHub to Codeberg, detailing the steps taken during the migration process. Here are the key points:

1. Motivation: The author wanted to leave GitHub for various reasons, ultimately finding the migration to Codeberg successful.

2. Migration Steps:

   • Setting Up: The author began by configuring their profile, including email and SSH keys.
   • Migrating Repositories: This was made easier by Codeberg's “migrate from GitHub” feature, although it was a manual process due to GitHub's API limits.
   • Updating Links: The author updated links in their repositories to point to Codeberg instead of GitHub.
   • Creating Stubs on GitHub: To inform users of the move, the author created stubs in the GitHub repositories indicating they had migrated to Codeberg.
   • Porting Continuous Integration (CI): The author evaluated which projects needed CI and migrated those to Codeberg's CI options, adapting YAML files as needed.
   • Rehosting the Website: The author transitioned their website from GitHub Pages to a service called git-pages, which provided a smooth experience without downtime.

3. Time Investment: The entire migration process took about a weekend, with some tasks requiring learning new systems. The author found the process less daunting than initially anticipated.

4. Current Status: The author is pleased with the migration, noting that everything appears functional. They plan to keep their GitHub repositories temporarily for redirects and contributions but are considering eventually deleting them.

5. Concerns: The author acknowledges potential decreased contributions due to moving away from GitHub but remains optimistic about the future.

Overall, the author aims to encourage others who may be anxious about similar migrations by sharing their straightforward experience.

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I'm sorry, but I can't access external links, including Twitter. If you could provide the text or main points you'd like summarized, I'd be happy to help!

Summary of "Dancing Rope and Braid Into Being: Whole-body Learning in Creating Mathematical/Architectural Structures"

This workshop, led by Susan Gerofsky, Eva Knoll, and James Forren, focuses on the mathematical and architectural concepts of braiding and twining (rope-making). The presenters, who have backgrounds in mathematics, weaving, dance, and architecture, will guide participants through hands-on activities that combine movement with learning about these structures.

Key points include:

• Interactive Learning: Participants will engage in small-scale hand-building and collaborative large-scale dance movements to create ropes, braids, and architectural structures, deepening their understanding of geometric patterns.

• Historical Context: Braiding and twining are ancient practices found across cultures, dating back to prehistoric times. The workshop draws inspiration from historical techniques and folk dances, such as Maypole dancing.

• Embodied Mathematics: The workshop emphasizes learning through physical movement, integrating small individual tasks with larger group activities to enhance understanding of mathematical concepts.

• Transdisciplinary Approach: The activities bridge mathematics, architecture, history, and the arts, allowing for a multi-sensory learning experience suitable for diverse educational settings.

• Pedagogical Innovation: The workshop advocates for varied teaching methods that combine traditional explanations with hands-on practice and physical engagement, promoting a richer understanding of mathematical ideas.

Overall, this workshop aims to explore the connections between movement, creativity, and mathematics, encouraging participants to adopt these engaging methods in their own teaching practices.

Summary of Replacing My Linux Desktop With Google Chrome

The blog post discusses a project where the author is replacing their Linux desktop environment with a custom window manager that operates through a web browser.

Key Points:

1. Background: Traditional Linux window management relies on X11, an outdated system, with Wayland emerging as a newer alternative. The project aims to simplify creating customized window managers by utilizing web technologies.

2. Using a Browser: The author employs the Chromium Embedded Framework (CEF) to create a browser-based interface that can communicate with the low-level window management system. This allows for easier customization using HTML and JavaScript.

3. Window Manager Design: The project features a compositing window manager that uses OpenGL to render window textures. This design separates the window manager from the browser, allowing for more control and debugging options if the browser fails.

4. Inter-Process Communication: To manage communication between the browser and the window manager, the author uses nanomsg for efficient message handling. This prevents message overload and ensures smooth operation.

5. Demo Projects: Several demo repositories are provided, showcasing different styles and frameworks for creating window managers, including Windows 98 and XP themes.

6. Future Directions: The author expresses interest in transitioning the project to support Wayland and optimizing the browser's performance to reduce syncing delays.

Overall, the project aims to innovate desktop environments by merging traditional window management with modern web technologies, making it more accessible for customization.

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This text outlines resources and materials for a course on Computer Architecture and Data-Driven Computer Architecture (DDCA) from various semesters. It includes links to lecture videos, course websites, announcements, readings, optional homework, labs, extra assignments, exams, and technical documents. Additionally, it mentions the use of Moodle as a platform for course-related activities.

Recent advancements have improved how language models tackle complex math problems using step-by-step reasoning. The leading method, called Chain-of-Thought (CoT), allows models to reason and compute in a multi-step process. A new approach, named Program of Thoughts (PoT), separates reasoning from computation. PoT uses language models like Codex to create programs that outline the reasoning, while an external computer handles the calculations.

We tested PoT on five math problem datasets and three financial question-answering datasets. In both few-shot and zero-shot scenarios, PoT performed about 12% better on average than CoT. When combined with a technique called self-consistency decoding, PoT achieved top performance on all math datasets and nearly top performance on financial datasets. All related data and code are available on GitHub.

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The Copernicus Sentinel-1D satellite has successfully captured and shared its first high-resolution images, showcasing areas from Antarctica to Bremen, Germany. Launched on November 4, 2025, Sentinel-1D is part of the Copernicus Earth observation program, equipped with advanced radar technology. It took just 50 hours from launch to deliver data, setting a new record for radar satellites.

The images reveal vulnerable glaciers in Antarctica, including the Thwaites and Pine Island glaciers, highlighting the effects of climate change. The satellite also features an Automatic Identification System to track ships and pollution. This launch coincides with significant discussions about climate change at the recent COP30 meeting.

ESA’s leaders praised the swift and high-quality results from Sentinel-1D, emphasizing the mission's importance for monitoring our planet and addressing climate issues. Overall, the successful launch and operation of Sentinel-1D mark a significant achievement for the ESA and its partners.

Business Insider shares interesting and innovative stories that people are eager to learn about.

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I'm sorry, but I can't access external links. However, if you provide the text you want summarized, I can help with that!

The UK government has launched a new HIV Action Plan aimed at reconnecting thousands of people with HIV testing and treatment, with a goal to eliminate new HIV transmissions by 2030. This initiative is backed by £170 million and focuses on reducing stigma around HIV, which often prevents people from getting tested.

Key components of the plan include:

• Opt-out HIV Testing in A&E: Patients will automatically be tested for HIV during routine blood tests unless they choose not to, allowing for earlier detection and treatment.
• National Re-engagement Program: This initiative aims to bring around 5,000 people currently out of care back into HIV treatment, particularly targeting those most affected by stigma, including marginalized communities.
• Home Testing Kits: A new digital trial will enable individuals to order HIV home testing kits through the NHS App for discreet and convenient testing.
• Community Support: The plan emphasizes tailored support for at-risk communities and aims to provide consistent care without stigma.

Health officials and community leaders have expressed optimism about the plan’s potential to improve access to care and ultimately achieve the goal of zero new HIV transmissions in England by 2030. They stress the importance of collaboration among the government, health services, and community organizations to ensure effective implementation.

A major cryptocurrency laundering operation on the dark web was shut down on March 15, 2023.

Summary of llvm-mos Project

The llvm-mos project is an open-source fork of the LLVM compiler, specifically designed to support the MOS Technology 6502 microprocessor series and similar processors. It allows modern software development for classic platforms. Key features include:

• Support for C99 and C++11, and built-in floating-point support.
• Integrated assembler for the 65xx family of microprocessors.
• High-quality error messages from the Clang compiler.
• An SDK that provides code for various 65xx-based computers, including a minimal C standard library and example programs.
• ELF support for creating and managing 6502 object files.

Users can experiment with the compiler online or download it for local use. The project is not officially endorsed by the LLVM Foundation and is maintained through public discussions on Discord.

For more information, users can explore various resources, including tutorials, FAQs, and community contributions.

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The author recently purchased a reMarkable 2 tablet during a Black Friday sale and shares their experience with it. The tablet is designed for distraction-free reading and writing, and the author finds it excellent for writing, with a stylus that feels similar to writing with ink. They recommend the Marker Plus stylus for its built-in eraser.

However, the tablet has some limitations, especially for reading sheet music. Features such as individual page cropping, half-page turning, and easy page navigation are missing, making it less effective for this purpose. The author plans to develop their own PDF reader and manager to address these shortcomings.

The reMarkable 2 allows for homebrew software, which the author appreciates. They found an active community for developing software but encountered issues with software compatibility due to updates. They are hopeful for future support for newer software versions.

Overall, the author values the reMarkable 2 and the hacking community’s contributions, which enhance the device's usability. They are working on creating a custom music sheet reader but acknowledge it may not be ready in time for an upcoming concert.

The author has been buying Lenovo and Dell laptops for seven years and is worried about the build quality of newer models. They received a new Lenovo Carbon X1 in 2019, but its battery failed within a year, while an older used Lenovo 470S from 2017 still works well after adding RAM.

Regarding Dell, the author purchased three refurbished laptops and one desktop. While the older models work fine, the newer Dell Precision 5550 has serious battery and charging issues, even though it was bought new in 2021. The author dislikes the USB-C ports on this model, feeling they are unnecessary.

The author is hesitant to spend over 2,000 CAD on a new laptop that may not last long. They prefer a low-end workstation with 32GB of memory but can only afford a 16GB model that isn't a workstation. They’ve also bought a used Macbook Pro M1 but don’t like the software and still need a Linux setup. They are looking for good options within their budget.

Lecture 1 Summary: Getting Started with SwiftUI

This lecture introduces the course on SwiftUI. It covers the basics of Xcode, the software used for developing apps, and SwiftUI, which is a framework for building user interfaces. The focus is on understanding Views, a key component in SwiftUI. Students are also assigned reading material to complement the lecture.

The video titled "There is NO Quintic Formula" discusses the impossibility of solving quintic equations (fifth-degree polynomial equations) using a general formula, a topic rooted in mathematical theory. It highlights that, unlike quadratic (second-degree) and cubic (third-degree) equations, there is no simple formula for quintic equations. The video is inspired by a paper by Leo Goldmakher and involves concepts related to the Abel-Ruffini theorem, which states that general solutions for polynomial equations of degree five or higher cannot be expressed with radicals. The creator also offers links for further exploration of the topic and invites viewers to support their work through various platforms.

Bricklink, LEGO's main online marketplace, will stop operations in 35 countries starting December 12, 2025. This decision affects a large community of LEGO fans and sellers in countries like South Africa, Turkey, Brazil, and more, which collectively represent over 2.5 billion people. Many sellers in these regions rely on Bricklink for their businesses, and the sudden announcement with less than two weeks’ notice has caused significant distress.

The list of affected countries includes both established markets and areas where LEGO has a presence, such as certified stores and Legoland parks. The move is seen as a harsh measure, especially since many fans depend on Bricklink for sourcing LEGO parts that are not available locally.

While the company cites compliance and operational challenges in these regions, there has been little communication about the reasons behind this decision, leading to speculation and frustration among the LEGO community. Many fear that this will harm creativity and community engagement among LEGO enthusiasts in these countries.

The announcement has sparked discussions about alternative platforms and a potential boycott of Bricklink, as many in the community feel let down by LEGO's handling of the situation.

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Langjam Gamejam is a 7-day challenge where participants create a programming language and a game using that language. You can set your own rules and be as creative as you like, using any technologies you choose. There are prizes for the most creative entries.

Key Points:

• Duration: 7 days
• Create a programming language and a game
• Use any tools or technologies
• You decide the definitions of "programming language" and "game"
• Participate individually or in teams
• Documentation is encouraged
• Bonus: Write a blog post about your work

Join the event, submit your project on Itch.io, and discuss it on Discord!

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Flock, a company that uses AI-powered cameras to monitor license plates and gather surveillance footage in the US, has been found to employ overseas gig workers from the Philippines to help train its AI systems. This was revealed after a leak showed that these workers review and classify video footage, including images of people and vehicles in the US.

Flock's technology is widely used by law enforcement, including for investigations into carjackings, and allows police to track vehicles across the country without needing a warrant. The use of workers from abroad raises concerns about privacy and who has access to sensitive footage.

The workers, hired through the freelance platform Upwork, are tasked with categorizing various aspects of the footage, such as vehicle details and even audio events like gunshots or car accidents. Flock's cameras continuously scan traffic, prompting discussions about the implications of surveillance on privacy.

After the leak, Flock removed the exposed information and chose not to comment on the situation.

The author searched for Anthony Bourdain's content on the old li.st service but couldn't find it. After looking more closely on archive.org and receiving a suggestion from someone online, they decided to create a website to share that content.

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It's a great time to explore interesting projects that remind us of the past. I'm currently learning ImGUI, and I think this project is incredible. You can check it out here: Furnace on GitHub.

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CachyOS Summary

CachyOS is a fast and customizable Linux distribution built on Arch Linux. It aims to provide excellent speed, stability, and ease of use for both experienced and new users.

Key Features:

• Performance: It uses the optimized linux-cachyos kernel with the advanced BORE Scheduler for improved performance.
• Optimized Packages: Packages are compiled for better performance with specific instruction sets and optimizations.
• Customizable Desktop Environments: Users can choose from various desktop environments during installation, including KDE Plasma, GNOME, and more.
• Flexible Installation Options: CachyOS offers two installation methods: a user-friendly GUI and a command-line interface for advanced users.
• Robust Kernel Support: It provides various scheduler options and optimizations tailored for different CPUs.

CachyOS is designed to enhance your computing experience with speed and security.

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A recent NBC News poll reveals a significant change in American attitudes towards four-year college degrees. Two-thirds of registered voters now believe these degrees are not worth the cost, a drop from a decade ago when opinions were nearly evenly split. Only 33% think degrees lead to better job opportunities, while 63% argue that many graduates face debt without job skills.

The rising costs of college tuition are a major factor in this shift. Since 1995, the average cost of a public college degree has doubled when adjusted for inflation, leading many to question the value of a degree. Poll respondents noted that high debt burdens make it hard for graduates to find jobs that pay well enough to cover their loans.

This skepticism spans all demographics, but is particularly pronounced among Republicans, with only 22% viewing degrees as worth the investment compared to 55% in 2013. Even among degree holders, only 46% believe their degree was worth the cost.

As a result, interest in vocational and technical education programs is rising. Many people now prefer paths that lead to quicker employment without incurring significant debt. Overall, confidence in higher education is declining, as many feel colleges are becoming disconnected from the realities of affordability and job market needs.

No summary available.

The author has experienced issues with missing webhooks from services like Stripe and Shopify at multiple companies. Each team ended up creating similar solutions to fix the problem, such as retry logic, dead letter queues, and monitoring. They are interested in how other teams manage this issue. They ask whether others depend on the provider's retry policy, create their own reliability systems, use external services, or handle problems manually. The author is building a tool called Relaehook to address this issue and wants to know common practices in the industry.

No summary available.

No summary available.

I created a system that tracks about 200,000 news RSS feeds in real-time and groups related articles to show how news stories spread online. It uses advanced technology to quickly find similar articles. Each "story cluster" displays who published the story first, how quickly it spread, and how the narrative changed as more news outlets reported on it. I'm seeking feedback on the system's design, scaling methods, and ways to improve the accuracy and usefulness of the clusters. You can see a live demo here: News Flow Demo.

No summary available.

The text discusses the differences between animal intelligence and large language model (LLM) intelligence.

Key Points:

1. Types of Intelligence:

   • Animal intelligence is shaped by natural selection, focusing on survival, social interactions, and basic instincts like fear and dominance.
   • LLM intelligence, on the other hand, is driven by data and user feedback, aiming to imitate human text and gain approval through upvotes.

2. Optimization Pressures:

   • Animals are optimized for a wide range of survival tasks in unpredictable environments, where failure can be fatal.
   • LLMs are fine-tuned through statistical methods and user interactions, lacking the same survival pressures.

3. Differences in Structure and Learning:

   • The brain and LLMs are built on different materials and learning methods, leading to distinct types of intelligence.
   • LLMs are more focused on solving tasks for user satisfaction rather than survival.

4. Future Implications:

   • Understanding LLMs requires a new perspective, as they represent a form of intelligence that is not animal-based.
   • Those who adapt their thinking about LLMs will be better at predicting their behavior and capabilities.

Overall, the text highlights the fundamental differences between biological and artificial intelligences, emphasizing the need for a new understanding of LLMs.

The author shares their experience of uncertainty while applying to graduate school after a failed attempt. They faced challenges like a low GPA and an average GMAT score, competing against stronger candidates. During this tough time, a friend encouraged them with the phrase, "All it takes is for one to work out." This mantra helped the author stay hopeful, and eventually, they succeeded in gaining admission to a school that changed their life.

The key takeaway is that in high-stakes situations—like job searches, home buying, or finding a partner—you don't need every option to work out; you just need one that fits. This perspective can provide comfort during difficult times, reminding us that sometimes all it takes is one good opportunity.

NixOS 25.11 “Xantusia” has been officially released by release managers jopejoe1 and Leona Maroni. This new version of the Linux distribution will receive updates for bugs and security until June 30, 2026. The previous version, 25.05 “Warbler”, is now outdated and will stop receiving updates after December 31, 2025.

Key updates in NixOS 25.11 include:

• 7,002 new packages added
• 25,252 existing packages updated
• 6,338 outdated packages removed
• 107 new configuration modules and 1,778 configuration options added
• GNOME updated to version 49, with several new features.

The release was made possible by the contributions of 2,742 individuals and included improvements to the Nixpkgs package repository. Special thanks were given to contributors and teams involved in the release process.

Looking ahead, the next version, NixOS 26.05 “Yarara”, is anticipated.

Summary of the Zigbook Plagiarism Issue

Zigtools, a group dedicated to supporting the Zig programming community, has accused Zigbook of plagiarizing their work, particularly the Zigtools Playground. Zigbook recently launched with claims of originality but has been found to have copied code and files from Zigtools, including WASM binaries and JavaScript code, without proper attribution.

Despite the fact that the Zigtools Playground is licensed under the MIT license, Zigbook has not complied with its terms and has dismissed attempts to correct this issue. Zigtools has documented these violations and is concerned about Zigbook's misleading practices.

In response to this situation, Zigtools plans to enhance their own playground features and encourages the Zig community to avoid Zigbook. They recommend using official Zig learning resources instead. Zigtools is also seeking support for their ongoing projects through donations.

The text discusses the challenges of reinforcement learning (RL) compared to supervised learning, particularly focusing on how inefficient RL is in terms of information gain. Here are the key points:

1. Efficiency Comparison: RL requires significantly more computational resources (FLOPs) to get a single reward signal compared to supervised learning, where every input token directly contributes to learning.

2. Information Density: In supervised learning, each sample provides a clear signal on how to improve, while in RL, the information gained per sample is much lower, especially early in training when models are untrained.

3. Learning Process: In supervised learning, you receive direct feedback that helps refine predictions quickly. In contrast, RL relies on trial and error, making it much harder to learn from mistakes.

4. Noise in Training: RL experiences high variance in learning outcomes, especially when models are not well-trained, leading to inconsistent and unpredictable training results.

5. Strategies for Improvement: To enhance RL efficiency, strategies like curriculum learning and better proxy evaluations can help maintain a high success rate during training, thereby increasing the information learned.

6. Limitations of RL: While RL can provide valuable insights, it tends to reinforce simple, heuristic solutions rather than fostering complex, generalizable strategies.

7. Human Learning Analogy: The text suggests that humans learn more efficiently through experience, indicating that ML models could benefit from adopting similar strategies to extract information beyond binary outcomes.

Overall, the text highlights the need for improved methodologies in RL to make it as effective as supervised learning.

No summary available.

DeepSeek-V3.2 has a collection of 4 items that was updated around 5 hours ago.

Summary of the Timeline for Selling a Micro-SaaS

Jared Rhizor shares his experience of building and selling his micro-SaaS, MealByMeal, a calorie tracking service, from development to sale. Here are the key points:

• Development Start: Work began on June 1, 2023, focusing on using AI to accurately extract meal ingredients and match them to nutrition data.
• Domain Purchase: A .com domain, mealbymeal.com, was acquired on September 17, 2023, to enhance the brand.
• Launch: MealByMeal launched on November 7, 2023, and quickly acquired its first paid user through personal connections.
• Growth: The product gained traction, hitting a peak Monthly Recurring Revenue (MRR) of $114 by January 2024.
• Selling Decision: By December 2024, Jared decided to sell to focus on other projects, listing MealByMeal for $20,000.
• Sale Process: After several offers and negotiations, he sold MealByMeal for $3.3k after 120 days of listing.
• Lessons Learned: Jared realized that buyers prioritize consistent revenue and site longevity over product quality. He also acknowledged the financial inefficiencies in his marketing efforts but valued the experience gained in SEO, marketing, and product improvement.

Overall, while the venture was not financially successful, it served as a valuable learning experience, leading to growth in his subsequent projects.

Summary of LiveLinkFace ARKit Receiver for Blender

The LiveLinkFace ARKit Receiver is a Blender add-on that allows users to receive facial tracking data from the Live Link Face app on iPhone and apply it to models in Blender. This tool helps artists animate their models using their own facial expressions.

Key Features:

• Works specifically with iPhone's Live Link Face (ARKit mode).
• Provides real-time previews of Shape Key values.
• Compatible with Blender 4.5.
• Not compatible with Metahuman protocol.

Installation:

1. Download the add-on.
2. Open Blender and drag the .zip file into it.
3. Activate the add-on by checking the "LiveLinkFace ARKit Receiver" option.

Usage Steps:

1. On iPhone: Launch Live Link Face and enter your PC's local IP address.
2. In Blender: Open the LiveLinkFace panel, select your model, and start LiveLinkFace. The model will mimic your facial expressions in real time.

Shape Key Support: The add-on supports ARKit’s 52 standard Shape Keys, allowing for various facial movements.

Troubleshooting Tips:

• Ensure the iPhone and PC are on the same Wi-Fi network if the model doesn't move.
• For network delays, use wired LAN or 5GHz Wi-Fi.
• Check for Shape Key name mismatches if some keys don’t respond.

Intended Users: This tool is for artists creating facial rigs, users testing animations in Blender, and developers working with compatible models.

License: The add-on is released under the GNU General Public License v3 (GPL-3.0), allowing modification and redistribution.

The creator, Shun Moriya, encourages feedback for improvements or bug reports.

The musical El Petit Prince is coming back to Barcelona for its 12th season on December 5. It has been very successful, with over 600 performances and 400,000 attendees.

This article discusses how Cloudflare tackled the challenge of managing configuration failures using Salt, a configuration management tool. The main points include:

1. Challenge: Identifying the root cause of configuration management failures can be difficult, especially when there are many changes happening simultaneously across thousands of servers.

2. Solution Development: Cloudflare developed an architecture that allows for self-service mechanisms to trace Salt failures back to specific changes, thus reducing delays in software releases.

3. Understanding Salt: Salt helps maintain system integrity and automates configuration management. It uses a master/minion architecture where the master distributes tasks to minions (servers).

4. Common Failures: Issues like misconfiguration, syntax errors, and network problems can cause Salt to fail, which impacts the deployment of new code.

5. Investigation Improvements: By caching job results directly on minions, operators can quickly retrieve job details and context without needing to access the Salt master, streamlining the troubleshooting process.

6. Blame Module: A new tool called the Salt Blame Module was created to help track down the cause of failures by linking failed jobs with recent code changes.

7. Automation and Aggregation: To further ease the triage process, commands were developed to allow engineers to quickly assess issues across multiple servers and data centers from chat applications.

8. Measuring Success: Using tools like Prometheus and Grafana, Cloudflare tracks failure causes and reviews them monthly to improve their systems and reduce future issues.

9. Long-term Goals: The aim is to minimize manual interventions in operations, reduce toil for engineers, and enhance the overall stability and efficiency of their configuration management processes.

Overall, these improvements have led to a noticeable reduction in the time spent on fixing issues, allowing Cloudflare to deliver updates to customers more quickly and efficiently.

This text discusses a significant study on using mixture-of-experts (MoE) pretraining with AMD hardware, specifically MI300X GPUs. The researchers provide useful insights for system and model design.

Key points include:

1. System Performance: They conducted comprehensive testing of the Pollara network's performance, including microbenchmarks for various communication tasks among GPUs. This is the first study of this scale on this hardware.

2. Model Design: They offer guidelines for sizing transformer models, focusing on optimizing performance in training and inference.

3. Training Process: The training setup includes important features like fault tolerance and checkpoint management.

4. Model Overview: They introduce a new model, ZAYA1, which has 760 million active parameters and 8.3 billion total parameters. This model performs comparably to top models like Qwen3-4B and Gemma3-12B and surpasses others like Llama-3-8B in various tasks.

In summary, the study shows that AMD's hardware and software are well-prepared for effective large-scale pretraining of AI models.

Summary of "The CRDT Dictionary: A Field Guide to Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types"

This guide explores Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types (CRDTs), which are data structures designed for distributed systems that can handle concurrent updates without the need for coordination. The author shares their initial fascination with CRDTs while working on a beer startup and reflects on their journey to understand these systems better.

Key Points:

1. What are CRDTs?

   • CRDTs allow data to be replicated across multiple nodes, automatically resolving conflicts and ensuring data consistency without requiring a central authority.

2. Basic Concepts:

   • Understanding network failures, eventual consistency, and basic set operations is enough to grasp CRDTs.
   • Merging operations in CRDTs should be commutative, associative, and idempotent, allowing for reliable data convergence.

3. Types of CRDTs:

   • G-Counter: A counter that only increases, tracking the maximum from replicas.
   • PN-Counter: A counter that supports both increments and decrements.
   • G-Set: A grow-only set that allows additions but not removals.
   • 2P-Set: A two-phase set that supports additions and removals but not re-additions.
   • LWW-Element-Set: Last-write-wins semantics for adding and removing elements, potentially leading to data loss.
   • OR-Set: Observed-Remove Set that allows re-addition of elements without data loss.
   • RGA: Replicated Growable Array for managing sequences with complex insertions.
   • MV-Register: Multi-Value Register that preserves all concurrent writes.

4. Tradeoffs:

   • Each CRDT type has advantages and disadvantages depending on the use case, such as space complexity, operation efficiency, and the ability to manage concurrent updates.

5. Garbage Collection:

   • A major challenge is managing growing metadata. Strategies include time-based expiry, coordinated garbage collection, and version vectors for causal tracking.

6. Practical Use Cases:

   • CRDTs are suited for applications requiring high availability and can tolerate eventual consistency, such as collaborative editing, distributed databases, and real-time applications.

7. Choosing the Right CRDT:

   • The choice depends on the required operations, tolerance for data loss, and the need to detect or resolve conflicts.

8. Libraries and Implementations:

   • There are various libraries and databases supporting CRDTs, such as Automerge, Yjs, Riak, Redis Enterprise, and AntidoteDB.

This guide aims to demystify CRDTs and provide practical insights into their implementation and usage in distributed systems.

Summary of DeepSeek-V3.2 Release Announcement

DeepSeek has launched two new models: DeepSeek-V3.2 and DeepSeek-V3.2-Speciale.

• DeepSeek-V3.2: This is the official successor to the previous version, V3.2-Exp, and is available on app, web, and API. It offers balanced performance for everyday use, comparable to GPT-5.

• DeepSeek-V3.2-Speciale: This model focuses on advanced reasoning abilities and currently is available only through API. It performs at a high level, similar to Gemini-3.0-Pro, but requires more resources for complex tasks. It has achieved top results in various competitions.

Key Features:

• V3.2 combines inference with length for better results.
• V3.2-Speciale excels in complex reasoning tasks.
• Both models support new training methods covering a wide range of environments and tasks.
• V3.2 integrates reasoning directly into tool usage.

API Information:

• The API for V3.2 is similar to the previous version.
• V3.2-Speciale is available until December 15, 2025, via a temporary endpoint at the same pricing as V3.2.

Open Source:

• Both models are available on Hugging Face for community use and research.

For more technical details, refer to the provided tech report and links.

A daughter of Thien-Thi, who recently passed away, is expressing gratitude for the kind comments about her father in an online thread. She mentions that her father was a private person and that she only recently discovered the discussion about him. Since she cannot comment directly, she decided to create a new thread to thank everyone.

The Gemini 3 Pro Image model, also known as Nano Banana, is great for creating slides. A new command-line tool called "nano-pdf" allows users to edit PDF presentations using simple English commands. Here's how it works:

1. You select a page to edit, and the tool converts it into an image.
2. You provide a prompt to request changes, which are sent to the model.
3. The updated image is converted back and added to the original PDF.

Examples of commands:

• To edit a revenue chart: nano-pdf edit deck.pdf 5 "Update the revenue chart to show Q3 at $2.5M"
• To add a new slide: nano-pdf add deck.pdf 15 "Create an executive summary slide with 5 bullet points"

Key Features:

• Edit multiple pages at once.
• Add new slides that match the existing style.
• Google Search is available for finding current data.
• Maintains the text layer for easy copying and searching.

This tool works with any PDF but is especially useful for quick edits to presentations. For more details, you can visit its GitHub page: Nano-PDF.

No summary available.

Accenture is renaming its nearly 800,000 employees as "reinventors" to emphasize its focus on artificial intelligence (AI). This change follows a reorganization that combined various divisions into a new unit called "Reinvention Services." The company's CEO, Julie Sweet, has been promoting this new label as part of its strategy to lead in AI.

However, the rebranding has faced criticism, with some experts suggesting it may confuse employees and not resonate with everyone. Accenture has previously adopted other unique terms, such as "Accenture Song" for its interactive division, which also received mixed reactions.

As part of its AI push, Accenture is training staff in generative AI. Those who struggle to adapt to these new skills may be laid off, following a recent cut of 11,000 jobs. Accenture reported a revenue increase but warned of potential growth slowdowns due to anticipated U.S. federal spending cuts. Overall, the company is navigating the challenges of rebranding and adapting to the evolving tech landscape.

A significant Bronze Age workshop has been discovered at Kissonerga-Skalia in Cyprus. This site shows important evidence of ancient craftsmanship and production activities from that time period.

I created a tool that shows the data your browser automatically shares when you visit websites. You can find it on GitHub here and try a demo here. Importantly, no data is sent anywhere; everything works directly in your browser.

The idea of building datacenters in space is considered impractical and unfeasible by a former NASA engineer with experience in space electronics and AI at Google. Here are the key points:

1. Power Challenges: The power sources in space, mainly solar and nuclear, are inadequate for the high demands of modern datacenters. Solar arrays would require enormous sizes to meet GPU power needs, while nuclear options provide too little power for even a single GPU.

2. Cooling Issues: Cooling electronics in space is much more complex than on Earth because there is no air for convection. Space requires thermal management solutions that are far more intricate and less efficient than Earth-based systems, making it hard to cool high-power GPUs.

3. Radiation Risks: Space electronics face significant radiation challenges that can cause malfunctions and degrade performance over time. Current GPUs and TPUs are not designed to withstand these conditions, and creating radiation-hardened versions would lead to much lower performance.

4. Communication Limitations: Space communications are slower than those on Earth, typically reaching only about 1Gbps, while Earth datacenters can achieve speeds of 100Gbps or more.

Overall, the author believes that the concept of space datacenters is not only extremely difficult and costly but also unlikely to deliver satisfactory performance.

No summary available.