Summary:

GPTZero conducted an analysis of 4,841 papers accepted at the NeurIPS 2025 conference and found over 100 papers with "hallucinated citations," which are citations that are fabricated or incorrect. This issue highlights the growing problems in the peer review process, exacerbated by the increase in submissions due to generative AI tools and publication pressures.

The analysis revealed that the number of submissions to NeurIPS surged by over 220% from 2020 to 2025, putting immense strain on the review process. Despite efforts by conference organizers to improve the review system, many errors went unnoticed by reviewers.

GPTZero’s Hallucination Check tool flags citations that cannot be verified online, helping to identify potential inaccuracies. It aims to enhance the peer review process by allowing authors to check their work for citation errors, aiding reviewers in identifying issues, and helping editors make informed decisions.

The findings emphasize the need for vigilance in academic integrity as AI tools become more prevalent in research writing.

In 2025, wind and solar energy in the E.U. generated more power than fossil fuels for the first time, according to a new report. Wind and solar together produced 30% of the E.U.'s electricity, while fossil fuels accounted for 29%. The growth of solar energy is particularly significant, with it providing over 20% of power in several countries, including Hungary and Spain. Additionally, coal usage has declined, with 19 countries using less than 5% coal.

However, challenges remain as climate change impacts hydropower, leading to a slight decrease in its output. To address energy costs and reduce dependence on imported gas, experts suggest the E.U. should focus on increasing battery storage, which can help stabilize prices by replacing natural gas during peak evening demand.

Summary of Design Thinking Tools

The article discusses the misconceptions surrounding design thinking and emphasizes that there is no guaranteed method to become a creative innovator simply by following a process. Instead, it highlights the importance of understanding the core values of design thinking to enhance creativity within organizations.

Dr. Rafiq Elmansy shares an updated list of essential books and papers that explore fundamental design principles. These resources are not about specific design methodologies but focus on enhancing problem-solving and analytical thinking through design.

Key books mentioned include:

1. Design Expertise by Kees Dorst: Explores the nature of design from a practitioner's viewpoint and identifies core design characteristics through case studies.

2. Frame Innovation by Kees Dorst: Discusses how designers frame problems and solutions, emphasizing the feedback process in solving complex issues.

3. Design Thinking: Understanding How Designers Think and Work by Nigel Cross: Offers insights into how designers generate ideas, based on observations and interviews with creative professionals.

4. Change by Design by Tim Brown: Provides an organizational perspective on design thinking, focusing on human-centered design and collaboration for innovation.

5. The Design of Everyday Things by Don Norman: Examines the psychology behind design and user interaction, emphasizing human-centered design principles.

6. How Designers Think? by Bryan Lawson: Encourages reflection on design practice and the relationship between problems and solutions.

7. The Science of Artificial by Herbert Simon: Discusses human problem-solving and the limitations of cognitive abilities.

8. Wicked Problems in Design Thinking by Richard Buchanan: Explores the nature of complex problems in design and offers a philosophical approach to understanding them.

9. The Dilemmas in a General Theory of Planning by Rittel and Webber: Differentiates between tame and wicked problems, emphasizing the evolving nature of problem-solving.

10. The New Process, New Vocabulary by Gilbert Cockton: Introduces new terminology to better understand the non-linear nature of design thinking.

The article encourages readers to learn from these resources to enhance their understanding of design and improve their problem-solving abilities within any organization. It invites suggestions for additional readings in the comments.

No summary available.

Summary: Tree-sitter vs. Language Server

Tree-sitter and language servers are tools used in programming, but they serve different purposes:

• Tree-sitter is a parser generator that creates programs to parse programming languages. It is known for being fast and able to handle syntax errors, making it great for syntax highlighting in text editors. This means that even if the code is not perfectly written, Tree-sitter can still provide accurate highlighting. It uses a query language to safely search for syntax elements in the code.

• Language Server: This is a program that analyzes code and sends useful information to text editors using the Language Server Protocol (LSP). It allows editors to provide features like finding symbol definitions and code completions. Language servers simplify the development process by allowing multiple languages to work with various text editors without needing separate implementations for each combination. They access the language's runtime for accurate information about the code.

Using a language server for syntax highlighting is possible, but it may be slower and more complex than using Tree-sitter. The author prefers Tree-sitter for highlighting unless a compelling reason arises to switch.

Finally, the author emphasizes that the content is originally written by them, not generated by AI, highlighting the value of human thought in creating meaningful text.

Douglas Adams discussed the cultural differences between Americans and the English regarding the concept of "heroes." In his response to a question about the tone of his book, "Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy," he noted that English heroes often lack control over their lives, celebrating failures and defeats rather than victories. For example, characters like Arthur Dent, who face constant misfortune, are viewed as heroes in England because they endure and cope with their struggles, often with humor and a cup of tea.

In contrast, Americans tend to focus on success and competence, making it harder for them to appreciate characters who embody failure. Adams highlighted that while English literature embraces the idea of heroic failures, this concept does not resonate as deeply in the U.S., where failure is often met with contempt or pity rather than admiration. He concluded that while both cultures recognize the balance between being victims of circumstance and being powerful agents of change, Americans typically lean more toward the latter perspective.

Summary: Making PDFs Smaller with Brotli Compression

A new compression method called Brotli is being introduced for PDFs, reducing file sizes by 15-25% without losing quality. This upgrade comes after 30 years of using the old Deflate compression method, which has limited advancements. Brotli, developed by Google, is already widely used on the web and is now being integrated into the PDF standard.

Key Points:

• Brotli Compression: This algorithm offers better compression than Deflate and will enhance PDF file sizes significantly.

• Compatibility Challenges: The PDF Association must ensure that any new feature works with existing PDF readers to maintain compatibility. This has made it difficult to introduce new compression methods.

• Implementation with iText: The iText library is developing tools to support Brotli in reading and writing PDFs. The process involves creating a new way to handle compression strategies in the software.

• Decoding and Encoding: While decoding Brotli-compressed PDFs is straightforward, encoding them is more complex due to the need for a separate compression module.

• Current Limitations: Brotli-compressed PDFs may not open in standard PDF readers yet, as it is not officially part of the PDF specification. However, this format is future-proof and will work once it is standardized.

• Future Prospects: By adopting Brotli now, users can save storage space and prepare for the eventual standardization of this technology in PDF files.

Overall, this initiative aims to modernize PDF compression, making documents smaller and more efficient while ensuring long-term compatibility and usability.

A team has developed and open-sourced a 1.5 billion parameter model that predicts your next edits in coding, similar to existing tools like Cursor. You can download the model here or use it through their JetBrains plugin here.

This model improves upon standard autocomplete by using your recent edits to make predictions, and it is efficient enough to run on local machines while performing better than larger models in terms of speed and accuracy.

In their testing against other models, they found that exact-match accuracy is closely related to real usability when editing code. They also discovered that the format of the prompts affects performance, with simple original/updated blocks being more effective than more complex formats.

The model was trained on about 100,000 examples from open-source repositories, and additional reinforcement learning steps were taken to refine its outputs.

By open-sourcing this model, the developers hope to enable others to create fast and privacy-friendly autocomplete tools for various code editors like VSCode and Neovim.

No summary available.

Summary of ReactOS's 30-Year Journey

Today celebrates 30 years since ReactOS began as an open-source project aimed at creating a free version of Windows. ReactOS was developed from the FreeWin95 project, which struggled to make progress. In 1998, Jason Filby took charge and renamed the project ReactOS to address Microsoft's dominance in operating systems.

Key Milestones:

• 1996-2003: ReactOS started slow, focusing on building a basic kernel. The first version, 0.1.0, was released in 2003 and could boot from a CD but lacked a desktop interface.

• 2003-2006: Development accelerated, with the introduction of a basic desktop and increased stability. However, concerns about leaked Windows code led to a temporary freeze on contributions.

• 2006-2016: Progress slowed due to an audit of the codebase. ReactOS 0.3.0 was released in 2006, adding networking and a package manager. The project continued to evolve, supporting SATA drives and visual styles by 2012.

• 2016-Present: ReactOS 0.4.0 introduced a new graphical shell and improved debugging tools. The project is now functional for both x86 and x86_64 systems, though limited for running 32-bit applications.

Future Directions: ReactOS aims to improve further with new projects, including better drivers and support for modern hardware. The community encourages contributions to help advance the mission of providing a reliable open-source alternative to Windows.

Statistics: ReactOS has seen 88,198 commits from 301 unique contributors, with over 14 million lines of code.

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Summary:

This text provides information about logging into a Member Portal and registering for an account. To log in, users need to enter their email and password. If they forget their password, there are options for recovery. New users affiliated with a Member organization can register for an account using their official email.

The text also highlights recent research from the MIT Media Lab, focusing on how AI tools like ChatGPT may impact cognitive function. Articles and media coverage discuss the potential negative effects of using AI on critical thinking and brainpower.

Additional sections mention news updates, research, and resources available at the Media Lab, including events, publications, and job opportunities.

No summary available.

I began teaching my daughter physics through hands-on activities, like plucking guitar strings to explain vibrations and dropping objects to demonstrate gravity. She learned much faster this way than from books or videos. This inspired me to create Lumen, an interactive physics playground that allows users to explore concepts like sound, light, motion, and mechanics through real-time experiments. You can adjust variables and see or hear the outcomes instantly. You can try it out at Project Lumen.

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eBay has updated its User Agreement, effective February 20, 2026, with the following key changes:

1. Prohibition of AI Agents: eBay explicitly bans AI "buy for me" agents and similar bots from using its platform without permission.

2. Arbitration and Dispute Resolution Updates:

   • The agreement clarifies that users cannot bring class action lawsuits against eBay.
   • Users can no longer opt out of the arbitration agreement if they didn’t do so by May 16, 2025.
   • The address for sending arbitration-related notices has changed.

3. Clarifications in Terms: The language around legal actions has been adjusted to limit group claims and clarify that only individual claims can be brought against eBay.

Users are encouraged to read the full updated terms, and the changes are meant to provide clearer guidelines on how disputes will be handled and to restrict AI interactions with the platform.

Summary:

Graham Granger, a film and performing arts student at the University of Alaska Fairbanks, was arrested for tearing down and eating part of an AI-generated art exhibit as a protest. He claimed the AI art lacked substance and felt it was insulting to be displayed alongside traditional art. Witnesses described his actions as similar to a competitive eating contest, resulting in the destruction of about 57 images.

The exhibit's creator, Nick Dwyer, initially considered pressing charges but later dropped them, although the state is still pursuing the case. Dwyer acknowledged the complexity of AI in art but emphasized the need to respect artistic integrity.

Granger explained that his act was both a protest against the university's AI policies and a form of performance art. He did not expect his actions to attract media attention beyond the campus. He believes AI has no place in art as it diminishes the human effort involved in creation. Despite receiving a criminal record, Granger expressed no regrets about his actions, viewing them as necessary to spark discussion on the topic.

The text discusses the themes and historical context surrounding Mary Shelley's novel "Frankenstein." It highlights how, when it was published, the novel seemed realistic because it connected to contemporary scientific interests in life and death. During Shelley's time, there was confusion about what defined life and death, leading to fears about being buried alive. The Royal Humane Society was established in 1774 to help resuscitate people who appeared dead, which contributed to public anxieties.

Scientific debates of the era included discussions about "incomplete" and "absolute" death, and the possibility of reanimating the dead. Notable figures, like Luigi Galvani, demonstrated that electrical stimulation could cause movement in deceased animals, influencing Shelley's ideas. Additionally, Giovanni Aldini conducted experiments on executed criminals, reportedly causing signs of life to appear.

Mary Shelley and her husband Percy were influenced by these discussions and believed in the potential for reanimation. Their personal experiences with death, including the loss of their child, shaped their views on life and death. The debate between two surgeons, Abernethy and Lawrence, about the nature of life further inspired Shelley's writing, as it reflected the controversies surrounding the definitions of life and death at the time.

Summary: Waiting for Dawn in Search

This blog post discusses the recent developments regarding Google's monopoly in search services and their impact on competitors like Kagi. A U.S. court ruled in August 2024 that Google holds a monopoly, controlling 90% of the search market, which limits competition and innovation in both search and AI.

Key points include:

1. Monopoly Control: Google’s dominance means it decides what most people see when they search online, influencing public knowledge and decision-making.

2. Antitrust Ruling: The Department of Justice (DOJ) found Google violated antitrust laws and mandated changes to promote competition, including providing access to its search index on fair terms.

3. Kagi's Efforts: Kagi aims to provide an ad-free search experience by seeking direct licenses from various data sources but has struggled to negotiate with Google and Bing.

4. Future Vision: The post suggests a layered search ecosystem, including a public search service funded by taxpayers, ad-supported search engines, and premium subscription services. This would ensure diverse access to information without a single company controlling it.

5. Call to Action: The authors advocate for open access to search data to foster competition and innovation, emphasizing that the way we access information should not be driven solely by advertising interests.

The overall message is that creating a competitive and open search environment is essential for society's well-being and information access.

This tutorial, created by a community author and reviewed by the iximiuz Labs team, provides a hands-on introduction to unikernels in Linux. It explains that virtual machines (VMs) offer better security than Linux containers but can be slower and more resource-intensive. Unikernels aim to improve this by being specialized kernels that run a single application, eliminating the overhead of traditional operating systems.

Key points include:

• Unikernels operate in a single address space, merging the application and kernel, which allows for faster access to hardware and reduced resource usage.
• They are tailored to run specific applications, selecting only necessary components and reducing the attack surface.
• Unikernels offer better security and performance compared to traditional containers but come with trade-offs, such as the absence of user management, limited debugging tools, and a lack of standardization among projects.

The tutorial also outlines the requirements for building a unikernel and lists existing unikernel projects. Despite their benefits, unikernels require specialized knowledge and face challenges in inter-process communication and compatibility with existing tools.

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The text discusses the author's experience of gathering Linux syscall numbers for programming without the standard C library (libc). Syscalls are the basic interface for userland operations in Linux, but there is no simple library to access them directly.

The author aims to create a header-only syscall library and begins by compiling a syscall table organized by categories like process control, file operations, and networking. This table includes syscall names and their numbers for various architectures (like x86_64, arm64, etc.).

Gathering the syscall numbers proves challenging due to discrepancies across different architectures, leading the author to search third-party resources and kernel documentation. They find that syscall numbers can vary significantly, and some architectures might not even implement all syscalls, which complicates the process.

Ultimately, the author compiles the syscall numbers from various kernel source files and creates a C implementation of the syscall number table. They note that future work will involve developing syscall wrappers in C.

Summary: Skip is Now Free and Open Source

Skip, a tool for developing mobile apps for both iOS and Android using a single Swift codebase, is now completely free and open source. This change, announced on January 21, 2026, allows developers to build apps without a paid subscription or license key.

Key Changes:

• All licensing requirements have been removed; existing users no longer need license keys, and new users can start building immediately.
• The core tool, called "skipstone," has been open-sourced and is available on GitHub.
• The new website, skip.dev, will host documentation and community contributions.

Importance of Open Source: Making Skip open source aims to build trust within the developer community and ensure longevity, as developers prefer tools that are free and not reliant on small companies that could fail.

Community Support: Skip has been self-funded and seeks community support through GitHub Sponsors. Current subscribers will transition to new support tiers, and businesses can sponsor Skip for visibility and to help fund development.

Future Goals: Skip aims to provide a no-compromise cross-platform development experience, evolving alongside modern UI systems. The community's support is vital for the ongoing development of this tool.

Developers are encouraged to start using Skip 1.7 and join the community to shape the future of cross-platform app development.

The creator of ChartGPU developed it to overcome limitations in existing charting libraries that struggle with large data sets, especially beyond 100,000 points. The key innovation is using WebGPU, which allows for more efficient processing by moving tasks from the CPU to the GPU. This includes:

• Downsampling data with a compute shader
• GPU-accelerated hit-testing for tooltips and hover effects
• Efficient rendering using instanced draws

As a result, ChartGPU can handle 1 million data points at 60 frames per second with smooth zooming and panning. It supports various chart types like line, area, bar, scatter, pie, and candlestick charts. The library is open-source (MIT licensed) and can be installed via npm. A live demo is available to showcase its capabilities. The creator is open to questions about the technology used.

Summary of Lix: A Universal Version Control System

Lix is a new version control system designed to handle various file formats (like .xlsx, .pdf, .docx) that traditional systems like Git struggle with, especially binary files. Key features of Lix include:

1. Reviewable Changes: Lix shows specific changes made by AI agents in any file format, rather than just noting that a file has changed.
2. Human Approval: Changes suggested by AI agents can be reviewed and approved by humans before being finalized.
3. Easy Rollback: Mistakes can be quickly undone.

How Lix Works:

• Lix integrates with SQL databases, allowing users to interact with version-controlled data using standard SQL queries. This means it benefits from the reliability of established database systems.

Example Use Cases:

• For an Excel file, Lix can show that an order status changed from "pending" to "shipped" instead of just noting that the binary file changed.
• In a JSON file, Lix highlights the change of a property (e.g., theme from "light" to "dark") rather than displaying the entire file's content as changed.

Future Developments: The next version of Lix will focus on improving performance and compatibility with more SQL databases and will continue to support multiple programming languages.

Getting Started: Developers can quickly set up Lix using various programming languages and start integrating it into their projects.

For more information, users can join the community on GitHub and Discord.

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The JPEG XL Test Page, published on January 21, 2026, displays a JPEG XL image, which is currently only viewable in Safari. The image features Jon Sneyers, one of the creators of the JPEG XL format and the earlier Free Lossless Image Format. JPEG XL has an interesting history; it was previously included in Chrome but was removed due to low usage. Now, Chrome is planning to reintroduce it. More details can be found on the JPEG XL Wikipedia page.

Summary:

In January 2026, cURL will introduce MQTTS, which allows secure MQTT communication over TLS. This addition brings the total number of supported transfer protocols to 29. MQTT is a lightweight messaging protocol ideal for devices with limited resources, commonly used in the Internet of Things (IoT). However, cURL plans to remove support for RTMP later in spring 2026, which will reduce the number of supported protocols.

No summary available.

Iran is currently experiencing one of the most severe internet blackouts in history, lasting nearly two weeks. This shutdown was implemented by the government in response to widespread protests related to economic issues. The blackout has affected not only internet services but also international calls and domestic communication, impacting around 90 million people.

The situation began on January 8, 2026, when major internet service provider TIC withdrew its routing information, leading to a dramatic drop in internet traffic. Although some IPv4 routes remained active, the government has developed a selective internet access system known as "whitelisting," allowing only certain users to connect while blocking the majority.

Despite the blackout, some limited internet traffic persists, indicating that certain individuals may still have access. The Iranian government has previously developed a National Information Network to maintain internal communication during shutdowns, demonstrating an evolving strategy for managing internet access.

Additionally, international satellite services like Starlink have become a focus for the Iranian government, which seeks to disable unauthorized connections. Meanwhile, digital rights activists are working to maintain communication lines, highlighting the ongoing struggle for open access amid government suppression.

This situation in Iran is being closely observed by other authoritarian governments, which may adopt similar tactics to control their populations. The battle for free communication continues, with activists and governments on opposing sides in this ongoing conflict.

Transform your Rails apps with attractive components and themes that don’t need any design skills. Create professional-looking applications easily.

WebRacket Summary

WebRacket is a subset of the Racket programming language designed to compile to WebAssembly (wasm), with the ultimate goal of supporting the full Racket language. It allows programmers to create practical web applications that can run in both web browsers and terminal environments, with a primary focus on browser compatibility. The generated WebAssembly works in major browsers like Chrome, Firefox, and Safari.

Key Features:

• JavaScript Integration: A Foreign Function Interface (FFI) enables the use of JavaScript functions and browser-specific APIs, including bindings for various libraries like DOM and Canvas.
• Supported Language Features: The compiler supports a significant portion of Racket's features, including basic data types (though complex numbers and bignums are not yet available) and control flow constructs. However, certain features like modules and continuations are still in development.
• Installation Requirements: Users need wasm-tools, Node.js, Racket 9.0, and the raco-static-web package to set up the environment.
• Examples: The project includes example applications such as a MathJax editor, a digital rain effect, a MiniScheme REPL, and a Space Invaders game, demonstrating various capabilities of WebRacket.

Future Developments: The project aims to improve support for modules and complex data types and to enhance browser interaction capabilities. Community involvement is encouraged to expand the library of FFI bindings.

The author attended an AI hackathon focused on cognitive architectures and their potential to enhance large language models (LLMs) like Claude Code. They explored how to adapt the Soar architecture to create a more effective LLM agent. To test this idea, they decided to use text adventures, specifically the game "Anchorhead," which offers long-term tasks and exploration.

They developed a Python wrapper to interact with the game's interpreter and created a simple player agent that interacts with the game by sending commands and receiving output. The initial approach, referred to as the "trivial harness," allowed the LLM to play the game by treating its interaction like a conversation. While this method worked for some puzzles, it faced limitations due to high token usage, making it costly to run.

The author then implemented a memory system to reduce token costs, allowing the LLM to retain fewer turns of game history. This approach led to slower progress in the game, as the agent started to get lost in unnecessary exploration.

In search of more manageable tasks, the author created a simpler escape-the-room game, which the LLM could complete quickly. They noticed that the LLM struggled with memory management and often fixated on irrelevant details.

Looking ahead, the author has several ideas to improve the agent's performance, such as creating domain-specific memories, automatic geography tracking, and episodic memory summaries to help the LLM learn from past experiences. The project continues to evolve, with the goal of better harnessing cognitive architecture insights for LLMs.

The text is about checking your web browser, which is a quick process that takes only a few seconds.

Recent claims about the dangers of microplastics to human health are largely exaggerated and based on flawed research, according to Faye Flam. A controversial study from 2025 suggested that microplastics found in human brains could be linked to serious health issues like heart attacks and dementia. However, a later analysis in the journal Nature revealed that the methods used in that study couldn't accurately differentiate between plastic particles and normal fat molecules. This led to a reevaluation of the findings, with some media outlets, like The Guardian, retracting their alarmist headlines about the risks associated with microplastics in the brain.

A recent study suggests that the famous opening line of the epic poem "Beowulf" has been misinterpreted for over 200 years. The word "hwæt," often seen as a call for attention like "yo!" has been misunderstood. Dr. George Walkden from the University of Manchester argues that "hwæt" should be read as part of a broader statement, meaning "How we have heard of the might of the kings," rather than as a command to listen. This new interpretation challenges traditional translations and implies that Anglo-Saxon audiences may have been more respectful and attentive than previously thought. The confusion about "hwæt" dates back to Jakob Grimm in 1837, who called it a "pure interjection." Various translations have emerged since, but Walkden's findings suggest a need for reevaluation in future translations.

Summary of "Nested Code Fences in Markdown"

The article introduces Corey Dumm, a character representing Markdown code, who experiences challenges with code fences in Markdown. Markdown has many variations, but the focus here is on CommonMark and GitHub Flavored Markdown (GFM).

Key Points:

1. Basic Code Fences: When using triple backticks for code blocks, issues can arise if they are not used correctly. Corey loses his "hair" (the code) when the second set of backticks closes the code block prematurely.

2. Fancy Code Fences: To avoid losing code, you can use tildes or a varying number of backticks/tildes for code fences. This ensures content remains intact.

3. Basic Code Spans: Inline code also uses backticks, which can lead to problems if backticks are included in the content, as they can end the span early.

4. Fancy Code Spans: You can use multiple backticks to create an inline code span that contains backticks, allowing for proper formatting without losing content.

5. Specification Highlights: The article references the CommonMark specification, explaining how code fences and spans work, including rules about backticks and tildes.

The takeaway is that understanding these nuances can help prevent Markdown mishaps.

Summary of Terminal UIs: The Ruby Way with RatatuiRuby

RatatuiRuby is a RubyGem that allows developers to create terminal user interfaces (TUIs) using Ruby while benefiting from the performance of the Rust programming language. To install it, use the command $ gem install ratatui_ruby --pre.

Key Features:

• Inline UI Elements: Add features like spinners, progress bars, and menus without taking over the entire terminal screen, preserving the terminal's scroll history.
• Inline Viewports: Unlike standard TUIs that erase output on exit, inline viewports keep the existing output intact while displaying temporary UI elements.
• Rich Interactivity: Users can create interactive menus and spinners, as shown in provided code examples. The framework handles user input through keyboard events.

Example Components:

• Spinner: A simple example that shows a loading spinner while connecting, demonstrating how to manage UI updates inline without disrupting the terminal's output.
• RadioMenu: An interactive menu that allows users to select options while keeping the terminal output intact. It shows how to handle user inputs and display choices.

Full-Screen Applications:

RatatuiRuby can also create full-screen applications with complete control over the user interface and input handling.

Testing Support:

RatatuiRuby includes built-in testing tools for TUIs, allowing developers to easily test their applications with features like event injection and style assertions.

Future Enhancements:

• Rooibos Framework: A model-view-update (MVU) architecture for more complex applications, inspired by popular frameworks.
• Component Kit: A component-based architecture for reusable UI elements.

Philosophy:

RatatuiRuby combines the strengths of Ruby and Rust, providing a robust platform for developing high-quality TUIs. It aims to elevate the Ruby experience in terminal applications, making it easier for developers to create rich user interfaces.

Overall, RatatuiRuby offers a powerful and efficient way to build terminal applications, making it accessible for Ruby developers to create modern TUIs.

Many people are overpaying for LLM (Large Language Model) APIs because they simply choose popular models like GPT-5 without testing alternatives. A recent experience helped a founder reduce his API costs by 80% after benchmarking his specific prompts against over 100 models.

Key Points:

1. Benchmarking Importance: Most existing benchmarks do not reliably predict how a model will perform on specific tasks, leading users to potentially choose expensive options that aren’t the best fit.

2. Customized Benchmarking Process:

   • Step 1: Collect real examples of customer interactions.
   • Step 2: Define expected outputs for these interactions.
   • Step 3: Create a benchmark dataset with prompts and expected responses.
   • Step 4: Test all models using this dataset.
   • Step 5: Use an LLM to score responses against expected outputs, ensuring reliability in scoring.

3. Model Selection Criteria: The best model balances quality, cost, and latency. It’s essential to measure overall costs per response rather than just token costs, as well as response times.

4. Pareto Efficiency: By identifying models that are both cheaper and better, you can find the best options without needing to compare every single model.

5. Significant Savings: The benchmarking process revealed alternatives that provided similar quality at up to 10 times lower costs, allowing the founder to save over $1,000 a month.

6. Automation Tool - Evalry: To simplify this process, a new tool called Evalry was created, which automates the benchmarking of prompts against multiple LLMs, making it easier to find the best model without extensive manual testing.

In summary, if you're using LLM APIs without testing alternatives, you might be spending significantly more than necessary. Trying out Evalry can help you find a more cost-effective model quickly.

ReactOS is celebrating its 30th anniversary as an open-source project aimed at creating a Windows-like operating system. Since its inception, the project has seen over 88,000 updates from more than 300 developers. In a recent blog post, ReactOS reflected on its journey and shared future plans.

Looking ahead, ReactOS is working on several important features, including a new development environment called "RosBE," improved NTFS and ATA drivers, support for multi-processor systems, updates for UEFI systems, enhanced security measures, and modern GPU drivers compatible with Microsoft's standards. While there is still much to do to make ReactOS fully usable, progress is being made at a faster pace compared to other projects like GNU Hurd. More information can be found on their official blog.

Summary of Slaterform:

Slaterform is a differentiable Hartree-Fock engine built using JAX, which allows for efficient calculations of molecular energies and geometries. It includes essential electron integrals and supports standard basis sets.

Key Features:

1. Differentiable Energy Function: You can define a molecular energy function that can be minimized to optimize the molecule's geometry using JAX's optimization tools.

2. Example Usage: The text provides an example of optimizing a molecule's geometry, such as methane, where the optimizer adjusts the nuclear positions to achieve a stable structure.

3. Quick Start Example: There is a sample code for estimating the electronic ground state of water using the STO-3G basis set. The output includes total energy and electronic energy calculations.

4. Density Visualization: The program can evaluate electron density on a grid and save the results for visualization with tools like 3Dmol.

5. Installation Instructions: Users can install Slaterform by cloning its GitHub repository and installing it via pip.

6. Testing: The project includes tests that can be run using pytest to ensure functionality and check code coverage.

For detailed mathematical and algorithmic explanations, refer to the theory section on Hartree-Fock methods.

No summary available.

The article discusses the advancements in SIMD (Single Instruction, Multiple Data) programming in pure Rust, particularly with the introduction of AMD's Zen 5 CPUs, which allow for 512-bit SIMD instructions without performance issues. This is significant for Rust developers as it simplifies adding SIMD acceleration to code, potentially leading to performance improvements of over 10 times.

Key points include:

• SIMD Overview: SIMD allows CPUs to process multiple data points simultaneously, improving efficiency compared to traditional scalar instructions.
• Programming with SIMD: Rust provides a way to write SIMD code without delving into assembly. The process generally follows three steps: load data into vector registers, perform calculations, and store the results.
• Performance Considerations: It's important to minimize data loading and storing due to latency costs. Understanding available SIMD registers for your target platform is crucial for optimization.
• Algorithm Acceleration: SIMD can speed up algorithms by processing multiple data blocks in parallel. Examples include ChaCha20 and BLAKE3, which can handle large data chunks efficiently using SIMD.
• CPU Feature Detection: Developers should be aware of the CPU features their code will run on and utilize runtime or compile-time detection to ensure compatibility with SIMD instructions.
• Using SIMD in Rust: There are various ways to implement SIMD in Rust, including using the standard library's experimental simd module, the wide crate for stable Rust, and direct use of raw intrinsics.
• Auto-vectorization: The LLVM compiler can automatically optimize certain operations without manual SIMD coding, making it unnecessary for common tasks unless performance issues arise.
• Testing: It’s essential to test code with and without SIMD to ensure functionality across different platforms.

Lastly, the article mentions the upcoming "portable SIMDs" feature, which will allow for easier and more maintainable SIMD code across different architectures in Rust.

Overall, the advancements in SIMD support in Rust, especially with the new CPUs, present exciting opportunities for performance optimization in software development.

Blue Origin is working on a project called TeraWave, which aims to create a large network of satellites, similar to existing mega-constellations. This project is part of their broader goal to expand their presence in space and provide various services. For more information, you can visit their official page and read detailed articles about their plans.

Summary of claude-chill

Overview: claude-chill is a tool that improves the performance of Claude Code's terminal updates by managing large screen redraws effectively.

The Problem: Claude Code sends large amounts of data for terminal updates, leading to lag, flicker, and loss of scrollback history. This happens because it updates the entire screen, even when only a small part is visible.

The Solution: claude-chill acts as a middleman between your terminal and Claude Code:

• It intercepts large updates and only displays the changes.
• It keeps a buffer of past outputs so you can review them.
• You can pause Claude Code and see the full history.

Installation: To install, use the command:

cargo install --path crates/claude-chill

Usage: Run it with:

claude-chill claude

You can also pass additional arguments to Claude Code.

Key Features:

• Lookback Mode: Press a key to pause and scroll through previous outputs.
• Auto-Lookback: Automatically shows history after 5 seconds of inactivity (can be disabled).
• Customizable Settings: Users can set the maximum lines for history and choose a lookback key.

Configuration: You can create a configuration file to set preferences like history size and lookback key.

How It Works: claude-chill uses a pseudo-terminal to manage input and output, filtering data for efficiency and maintaining a virtual screen state.

Disclaimer: This tool is for personal use and hasn't been extensively tested. Use it at your own risk.

License: MIT License.

No summary available.

The text discusses two main topics: a line-height issue with the font "Sandol Gothic Neo" and an analysis of "Show HN" posts on Hacker News.

1. Font Issue: The font "Sandol Gothic Neo" has a line-height problem affecting headers. Simply using align-items: center does not fix it. The author suggests that it’s not fair to inconvenience users who prefer other fonts for the sake of one font's issue. Although using a fixed font like "Pretendard" might be a practical solution, the author is reluctant to load additional web fonts for a minor issue.

2. Show HN Analysis: The analysis reveals that the percentage of "Show HN" posts has increased from 2-3% (2012-2022) to over 12% by December 2025, likely due to the rise of LLMs (large language models) that assist in coding. However, the average scores for these posts have decreased, suggesting that while there are more "Show HN" posts, they may be perceived as lower quality. The author is unsure if this is due to lower quality or simply viewer fatigue from seeing too many posts. The analysis includes data and code available on GitHub for further exploration.

The author plans to update the analysis periodically.

Dangerzone Summary

Dangerzone is a tool that helps you safely convert potentially harmful documents, like PDFs or office files, into secure PDFs. Here's how it works:

1. Conversion Process: You upload a document that might be unsafe. Dangerzone runs this document in a secure environment (sandbox) and converts it to a PDF. It then transforms the PDF into raw pixel data and creates a new, safe PDF outside the sandbox.

2. Supported Document Types: Dangerzone can convert various file formats into safe PDFs, including:

   • PDF, Microsoft Word, Excel, and PowerPoint files
   • Open Document format (ODF) files
   • Hancom HWP files

   It does not support certain image formats like JPEG or PNG.

3. Security Features:

   • Sandboxes do not have internet access, preventing malicious documents from sending data.
   • It can optionally add text layers back to the PDFs using OCR (Optical Character Recognition).
   • The output PDFs are compressed to save space.

4. Platform Compatibility: Dangerzone works on multiple operating systems, including macOS, Windows, and various Linux distributions. It is not available for Qubes OS.

5. Updates and Support: Dangerzone has undergone a security audit with mostly favorable results. Users can check for updates to the software to resolve issues.

6. Airgapped Environments: It can be used in secure, isolated environments without extra configuration.

For more information, you can visit the official Dangerzone website.

The text likely contains predictions made by Kellblog for the year 2026. However, without specific details or content from the original text, I can’t provide a summary of the actual predictions. Please provide the main points or text to summarize, and I’d be happy to help!

No summary available.

Most of the company has left, and now there are fewer than 15 people remaining in the engineering department.

Summary: Setting Up a Cluster of Tiny PCs for Parallel Computing

Ken Koon Wong documented his experience of setting up a cluster of small PCs for parallel computing, focusing on tasks like installing Ubuntu, setting up passwordless SSH, and executing R simulations. He aimed to improve his understanding of parallel computing, particularly how to distribute long-running simulations across multiple devices instead of relying solely on his laptop.

Key Steps:

1. Choosing PCs: Opted for affordable used PCs like Lenovo M715q Tiny.
2. Installing Ubuntu: Created a bootable USB and followed installation steps for Ubuntu Server.
3. Setting IPs: Assigned static IPs for organization.
4. Passwordless SSH: Set up SSH keys for easier access between nodes.
5. Installing R: Used SSH to install R on all nodes simultaneously.
6. Creating R Scripts: Developed a template R script for simulations to utilize multicore processing effectively.
7. Running Simulations: Distributed tasks across the cluster and ran R scripts in the background using tmux.

Results:

• Compared computation times for different setups (1 PC vs. 3 PCs with various cross-validation methods).
• Found that using multiple PCs significantly reduced computation time.
• Observed trends in bias and variance when changing cross-validation methods, noting that increasing folds reduced bias but increased variance.

Lessons Learned:

• Improved use of scripting and automation.
• Realized the importance of using consistent seeds in parallel computing for reproducibility.
• Identified opportunities for future improvements, such as creating reusable packages and functions.

Overall, Wong enjoyed the project and gained valuable insights into parallel computing, which he plans to explore further.

In January 2026, Anthony Templeton optimized the SGP4 algorithm used for predicting satellite positions, achieving impressive speeds with his implementation called astroz. Here are the key points:

1. Performance: The astroz implementation can compute 11-13 million satellite position predictions per second in Zig, and about 7 million per second in Python. This makes it one of the fastest general-purpose SGP4 implementations available, although other tools may excel in specific scenarios.

2. Optimization Techniques:

   • Branchless Code: By minimizing conditionals in the code, performance improved significantly, as modern CPUs prefer predictable instruction paths.
   • Compile-Time Computation: Using Zig's capability to compute values during compilation (comptime) reduced runtime calculations, enhancing speed.

3. SIMD Implementation: Templeton effectively utilized SIMD (Single Instruction, Multiple Data) in Zig, which allowed him to process multiple calculations simultaneously. This involved writing code that could handle multiple satellite predictions or multiple time points for a single satellite in parallel.

4. Propagation Strategies: Three main propagation modes were developed:

   • Time Batched: Processes multiple time points for one satellite at once.
   • Satellite Batched: Computes positions for multiple satellites at the same time.
   • Constellation Mode: Combines both strategies to efficiently handle many satellites across various time points.

5. Benchmarking: The astroz implementation outperformed other languages like Rust and Python in various scenarios, particularly for single-satellite processing and specific time workloads.

6. Practical Applications: A live demo demonstrated astroz's capability to propagate positions for 13,000 satellites in about 3.3 seconds, showcasing its potential for real-time applications.

7. Future Development: Templeton plans to expand the tool's capabilities to include deep-space objects and multithreading for further performance enhancements.

Astroz is available for use via Python and Zig, with open-source code accessible on GitHub.

The author created a tool called "yolo-cage" to manage multiple AI agents while working on a financial analysis project. They were overwhelmed by constant permission prompts and considered using a "YOLO mode" (which allows agents to operate with fewer restrictions) but wanted to ensure safety. They developed yolo-cage to limit the potential risks of confused agents by sandboxing them, allowing for easier review of their actions. Interestingly, the AI even helped create its own containment system, which raises interesting questions about alignment and functionality. The author is seeking feedback on both the tool and the idea behind it.

The author discovered that tinygrad is powerful enough to create a graphics library, which they are calling gtinygrad. They believe it can be used for serious research. By using a Just-In-Time (JIT) compiler and a tensor model, they found a simple way to handle light transport in Python. They successfully reimplemented some research papers from SIGGRAPH, demonstrating that it can be done with just 200 lines of Python code, rather than complex C++.

Summary of "Inside StarRocks: Why Joins Are Faster Than You’d Expect"

Overview: Joins are a challenging aspect of Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) as many systems struggle to execute them efficiently, leading teams to use denormalized data structures that complicate data management. StarRocks approaches this differently by keeping data normalized and optimizing join operations for speed.

Key Points:

1. Join Types:

   • Common types include Inner, Outer, Cross, Semi, and Anti Joins, each with different performance characteristics.

2. Challenges in Join Optimization:

   • Multiple Strategies: Different join algorithms (like Sort-Merge and Hash Join) perform better under different conditions.
   • Join Order Selection: Finding the best order for multi-table joins is complex due to the vast number of possibilities.
   • Estimating Effectiveness: Predicting the outcomes of joins is difficult, especially when combining various conditions.
   • Distributed Systems Complexity: Plans optimal for single-node operations may not work well in distributed environments due to data distribution and network costs.

3. Optimization Techniques:

   • StarRocks primarily uses Hash Joins and focuses on minimizing data processed during joins and reducing network overhead.
   • Logical Optimizations: These include transforming inefficient join types, pushing down predicates to filter data early, and extracting useful predicates from complex conditions.
   • Join Reordering: Optimizing the execution order of joins to prioritize those that reduce data size and improve performance.

4. Distributed Join Plans:

   • StarRocks employs a Massively Parallel Processing (MPP) architecture to handle distributed joins efficiently, using strategies like Shuffle, Broadcast, and Colocate Joins to minimize network transfer costs.

5. Real-World Impact:

   • Case studies highlight how companies like Demandbase, NAVER, and Shopee achieved significant performance improvements and cost reductions by switching to StarRocks for their join operations.

Conclusion: StarRocks leverages advanced techniques for join optimization, focusing on both logical and distributed execution, resulting in faster query performance and reduced resource consumption for complex analytical workloads.

The article discusses the current state of evolutionary science and whether it is undergoing a significant change, or "revolution." Traditionally, evolutionary biology has been based on Darwin's theory of natural selection and Mendel's genetics, which suggests that traits are inherited solely through genes. However, recent research in areas like epigenetics and developmental biology indicates that the process of evolution may be more complex than previously thought.

Researchers have found that traits acquired during an organism's life, such as learned fears in mice, can be passed down to future generations through epigenetic mechanisms. This challenges the long-held belief that only genetic inheritance matters. Furthermore, cultural factors also play a role in evolution, as animals can learn behaviors from their parents, influencing their adaptations.

Some scientists advocate for an "extended evolutionary synthesis" (EES), which proposes that developmental processes and cultural inheritance significantly contribute to evolution. This perspective suggests that evolution is not solely driven by natural selection but also by various inherited factors and environmental influences.

Despite the exciting new findings, the author argues that a true revolution in evolutionary theory is unlikely. Scientific progress often occurs gradually rather than through sudden shifts. The current discussions are more about expanding our understanding of evolution rather than overthrowing established theories. The EES aims to enrich evolutionary biology by incorporating these new insights, leading to a more nuanced view of how species adapt and evolve.

In summary, while there is ongoing debate and new data challenging traditional views, evolutionary biology is evolving through normal scientific processes rather than undergoing a major revolution.

No summary available.

In her 1967 essay "Slouching Towards Bethlehem," Joan Didion explores the darker aspects of the Haight-Ashbury counterculture during the Summer of Love in 1967. She describes a society marked by disillusionment, with families disappearing and children drifting aimlessly. Didion travels to San Francisco, drawn to the gathering of "hippies," and shares her encounters with various individuals, many of whom are young runaways experimenting with drugs.

She highlights the struggles and chaotic lifestyles of these youth, revealing their desire for freedom but also their vulnerability. Didion encounters people like Max and Sharon, who are deeply entrenched in the drug culture, and others like Deadeye, who attempts to find purpose in life through helping others. The essay paints a complex picture of hope, disillusionment, and the search for meaning amidst a backdrop of societal upheaval.

Didion also notes a paradox in the excitement around the Haight-Ashbury movement, where many participants are unaware of its political implications, while outside observers often misinterpret the situation. She concludes that these young people are not rebelling against society but are largely ignorant of its values, reflecting a broader disconnection within American culture.

Summary: Advisor Executive Summary on Benchmarking LLM Workloads

This document discusses the different types of workloads for large language models (LLMs) and offers guidance on how to manage them effectively. It identifies three categories of LLM workloads:

1. Offline Workloads: These processes run in batch mode, prioritize throughput, and are generally easier to architect. The main challenge is to maximize throughput while controlling costs. Recommendations include using the vLLM inference engine with asynchronous requests to handle large batches efficiently.

2. Online Workloads: These require low latency and involve direct interaction with users. Challenges include avoiding host and communication overhead, managing multi-turn interactions, and optimizing memory use. SGLang is recommended for its lower latency, and techniques like speculative decoding are suggested to speed up response times.

3. Semi-Online Workloads: These workloads are bursty and require flexibility in resource allocation. They can handle variable demand and need to manage costs effectively. Solutions include using shared resources and optimizing container startup times through memory snapshotting for faster responses.

The document emphasizes the importance of understanding and optimizing these workloads as organizations move away from proprietary APIs to open-source models and inference engines. It concludes by encouraging organizations to consider self-hosting their LLM inference for greater customization and control.

The text discusses the development of Muky, an app created to provide a better music and audiobook experience for kids. The author started the project in April 2024, inspired by the needs of their children, especially the older one who wanted more content than what traditional options like Toniebox offered.

Key points include:

1. Target Audience: Muky is designed for kids who have outgrown simple music devices, offering parents control over content while providing access to a vast library of songs.

2. Unique Features: The app allows users to share content easily using QR codes, ensuring that both parties retain a copy of what is shared.

3. Improved User Experience: Early versions of the app had poor retention rates. The author introduced a guided onboarding process and a new Browse tab to help users discover content without needing to search extensively.

4. Technology Choice: The app was developed using Swift/SwiftUI for better performance and ease of use, though there are requests for an Android version.

5. Revenue Model: Initially a one-time purchase, the app switched to a subscription model for more sustainable revenue while maintaining access for existing buyers.

The author invites questions about indie iOS development and offers a link to the app for interested readers.

It seems that the text you provided is very brief and lacks context. It appears to list some elements related to navigation or settings, possibly for a website or application. Here’s a simple summary based on that:

The text mentions parts of a user interface, including "SearchK," "Main Navigation," "Kagi," "Orion," and "Appearance." These likely refer to different sections or features of a digital platform.

No summary available.

Summary:

Stanford scientists have developed a treatment that can regrow aging cartilage, offering hope for arthritis sufferers and potentially reducing the need for joint replacements. The treatment works by blocking a protein called 15-PGDH, which increases with age and contributes to cartilage loss. In tests on older mice, the therapy restored healthy cartilage and improved joint function. It also showed positive results in human cartilage samples from knee surgeries.

This innovative approach targets the underlying cause of arthritis rather than just managing symptoms, which could change the future of osteoarthritis treatment. The researchers found that the treatment not only prevents arthritis after knee injuries but also encourages cartilage regeneration without relying on stem cells.

The findings are promising enough to warrant future clinical trials in humans, and if successful, they could revolutionize how joint issues are treated.

No summary available.

I'm sorry, but I cannot access external links. However, if you can provide the text or main points from the speech, I would be happy to help you summarize it!

Summary of Caliper: Right-size Your CI Runners

Caliper is a tool designed to help you optimize your continuous integration (CI) runners. Many developers struggle with knowing if they are overpaying or choosing the right runner size, as the performance differences can be unclear without data. Caliper addresses this by benchmarking build commands across various CPU and RAM configurations using Docker containers.

Key Features of Caliper:

• It measures build times for different CPU and RAM setups.
• It can automatically test multiple combinations and provide important statistics such as mean, median, and success rate.

Findings from a Benchmark Test:

• In testing the InfluxDB Rust build, the best performance was seen with 4 to 8 CPUs, where the build time significantly decreased compared to fewer CPUs. Beyond 16 CPUs, improvements were minimal.
• RAM above 8GB had little impact on build times, indicating that 8GB is sufficient for similar builds.

Takeaway: To find the best configuration for your specific builds, it's important to benchmark them individually since different programming environments behave differently.

Getting Started with Caliper: You can install Caliper and run benchmarks tailored to your projects. Full documentation is available on their GitHub page.

About Attune: Attune is a company focused on developing innovative software engineering tools using AI.

Summary of Batmobile for Equivariant Graph Neural Networks

Batmobile is a tool designed to significantly speed up the computations involved in equivariant graph neural networks (GNNs), which are important for tasks like molecular dynamics simulations and drug discovery. These networks, such as MACE, NequIP, and Allegro, are accurate but slow due to complex operations like spherical harmonics and tensor products, which can take up to 80% of the processing time.

Key Points:

1. Equivariant GNNs: These networks maintain the symmetries of physical systems, making them suitable for modeling molecular interactions. However, their mathematical beauty comes at a computational cost.

2. Computational Bottlenecks:

   • Spherical Harmonics: These encode 3D directions and are essential for understanding atomic interactions.
   • Tensor Products: These combine features while preserving their equivariant properties, which is crucial for accurate predictions.

3. Slow Performance: The existing library, e3nn, is efficient in terms of design but slow because:

   • Operations are split into many small tasks, leading to overhead.
   • It uses global memory inefficiently, resulting in slower computations.

4. Batmobile’s Solution:

   • Custom CUDA Kernels: Optimized for the specific operations needed, which eliminates many inefficiencies.
   • Compile-Time Constants: Pre-computed values improve speed, avoiding runtime delays.
   • Register-Only Computation: Intermediate results are kept in fast GPU registers instead of slower global memory.
   • Fused Operations: Combines multiple operations into one, further speeding up processing.

5. Performance Improvements: Benchmarks show that Batmobile is significantly faster than e3nn, achieving speedups of:

   • 11.8x for spherical harmonics
   • 20.8x for tensor products
   • 20.6x for backward passes in training.

6. Easy to Use: Batmobile can be integrated easily with PyTorch, allowing users to compute spherical harmonics and weighted tensor products efficiently.

7. Name Origin: The name "Batmobile" reflects its purpose as a specialized tool for high-performance tasks, much like the iconic vehicle is tailored for specific missions.

For more information, visit the GitHub page or check out the provided benchmarks and examples.

Spotify has successfully taken down the .org domain of Anna’s Archive, a shadow library, through a lawsuit that involved major record labels. The lawsuit was filed in secret late December 2025, and Anna’s Archive was informed only after the court granted a temporary restraining order on January 2, 2026. This order aimed to prevent Anna’s Archive from distributing copyrighted music from Spotify.

The music companies argued that Anna’s Archive was likely to release illegally obtained recordings if they were notified of the lawsuit beforehand. Once the case was unsealed on January 16, it revealed that the court had also issued a preliminary injunction against Anna’s Archive, indicating that it likely violated copyright laws by scraping music from Spotify.

The injunction requires various internet companies, including Cloudflare, to disable access to Anna’s Archive’s domains and any websites hosting infringing content. Although the .se domain is currently inaccessible, the .li domain remains available. Despite these legal actions, Anna’s Archive has reportedly stopped distributing specific Spotify content but still has some files accessible through direct links.

Additionally, a separate court ruling ordered Anna’s Archive to delete copies of data related to the WorldCat library catalog, although compliance is uncertain. Overall, the music companies are taking strong legal steps to combat copyright infringement by Anna’s Archive.

No summary available.

This repository contains the server-side code for BitCraft, an MMORPG developed by Clockwork Labs. BitCraft is a community-driven game that combines cooperative gameplay, city-building, crafting, exploration, and survival in a shared world.

This is the first phase of an open-source initiative, where only the server-side code is being shared for public inspection and contribution. The server uses SpacetimeDB, a platform for multiplayer game development.

Key Points:

• The repository includes game logic and server systems, but not the client or tools to connect to the game.
• Contributions are welcome to improve stability and player experience.
• Players can report any in-game exploits privately for rewards.
• The code is licensed under Apache 2.0, allowing for study and modification, but not for using BitCraft’s art or assets.

This open-source effort aims to foster collaboration with the community while keeping the official game infrastructure separate from this repository.

I created a small side project to learn and experiment, which turned out to be quite successful. I used a subdomain from my personal portfolio and relied on free services to run everything. The project involves technologies like Nuxt, SVG, Cloudflare Workers, D1 (SQL), KV, Terraform, and coding assistance from OpenAI Codex and Claude Code. What began as a joke with friends became a fun opportunity for me to build something from start to finish and explore new tools. I welcome any feedback or suggestions.

Retain is a new macOS app that builds on the earlier tool called claude-reflect. The creator often uses Claude Code and ChatGPT for coding and found it difficult to remember decisions and patterns from past conversations. Retain addresses this by gathering conversations from various platforms (Claude Code, claude.ai, ChatGPT, and Codex CLI) and allowing users to search through them instantly. All data is stored locally on the user's device in a SQLite database, ensuring privacy and no reliance on servers. The app uses browser cookies for web synchronization.

Sam, Shane, and Abhi are back to update the Hacker News community about Mastra, an open-source TypeScript agent framework. They recently released Mastra 1.0, and since their last update, it has gained popularity, with over 300,000 weekly npm downloads and 19,400 stars on GitHub. Notable features added include:

• Native model routing: Access over 600 models from 40 providers easily.
• Guardrails: Tools for detecting prompt injections, redacting sensitive information, and moderating content.
• Scorers: A feature to evaluate and grade agent outputs.
• Other enhancements include AI tracing, memory processors, a new routing method, and server adapters for easier integration.

Mastra is now used by companies like Replit and PayPal and is licensed under Apache 2.0. They invite everyone to try it out and provide feedback, starting with the command npm create mastra@latest.

Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) tools like ChatGPT and Claude have two main effects: they boost human productivity significantly but also threaten the ecosystems that support content creation.

1. Productivity Boost: GenAI tools can quickly answer questions, help with coding, and create content, allowing users to be much more productive than before.

2. Threat to Content Creators: These tools rely on large datasets of human-created content (like articles, blogs, and code) to function. However, they do not compensate the original creators for using their work, leading to a decline in content quality and availability. For example:

   • Online Communities: Sites like StackOverflow and Quora are losing users because people now prefer to ask GenAI tools directly instead of searching and interacting on these platforms.
   • Open Source Projects: Companies like Tailwind CSS are struggling as developers turn to GenAI for coding, reducing the need for premium updates and documentation.
   • Books and Blogs: People are increasingly using GenAI for learning instead of reading books, which diminishes the value and recognition for authors.

The current GenAI model is unsustainable as it extracts value from creators without providing anything in return. This could lead to a "great content collapse," where less new content is produced, risking stagnation in knowledge and creativity.

Possible Solutions:

• Pay-Per-Crawl Model: This would charge GenAI tools for accessing content but still may not fairly compensate creators.
• Pay-Per-Use Model: This model could allow GenAI tools to provide attributions and revenue sharing to content creators when their material is used, creating a fairer system.

In conclusion, a sustainable approach is needed to ensure content creators receive value for their work, or else the ecosystem supporting knowledge and creativity may collapse.

The argument that IPv4 is more secure than IPv6 because of NAT (Network Address Translation) is a misunderstanding. NAT is not a security feature; it is used to conserve IP addresses by allowing multiple devices to share a single public IP address.

When using NAT, only packets with specific configured ports can reach devices on a local network, which can create a barrier against unwanted traffic. However, the real security benefits come from the firewalls that are typically included with NAT routers. These firewalls block unsolicited inbound traffic by default, regardless of whether NAT is being used.

For IPv6, similar firewall rules apply. To allow traffic to devices behind a router, specific rules must be created, regardless of whether NAT is present. Thus, the security of IPv6 does not depend on the absence of NAT, but rather on proper firewall configurations.

New Mission Available: Agent Orchestrator

• Overview: A new interface lets you manage your trained agents in a real-time strategy (RTS) game style.

• Key Features:

  • Single Pane of Glass: View and manage all your agents in one location, starting with Claude Code.
  • Total Control: Quickly react to events, just like managing many units in a game.
  • Familiar Experience: Enjoy managing agents as you would in an RTS game, making tasks more engaging.
  • Universal Integration: Easy installation that works with your existing agents.

• Get Early Access: Watch the demo to see how it works!

The article discusses the growing popularity of prediction markets, like Kalshi and Polymarket, where people can bet on various events, including political outcomes and news stories. These markets have gained attention from major media outlets, such as CNN and The Wall Street Journal, which are starting to integrate betting odds into their reporting. This trend raises concerns about the potential for misinformation and manipulation, as seen in past instances where bets influenced public perception.

Prediction markets are designed to reflect collective expectations, but their reliability as predictors is questionable. They can be manipulated, leading to misleading media narratives. Critics argue that treating news as a betting opportunity could erode trust in journalism and create a culture where events are seen through a gambling lens, rather than as serious issues. The article warns that this shift could have troubling implications for political discourse and public understanding.

The text discusses a study comparing two methods of automating shopping on Amazon. One method uses a large cloud-based model (Demo 0), while the other uses a smaller local model (Demo 3).

Key Points:

1. Comparison of Demos:

   • Demo 0 (Cloud): Successful in 1 out of 1 runs, took about 60 seconds, and used around 19,956 tokens.
   • Demo 3 (Local): Successful in 7 out of 7 steps, but took longer (about 405 seconds) and used 11,114 tokens. It had no additional cost since it ran locally.

2. Performance Notes: The local method was slower due to running on personal hardware, while the cloud method benefited from faster hosted services but incurred costs per token.

3. Key Innovations:

   • DOM Pruning: Only essential webpage data is provided to the model, reducing unnecessary information.
   • Separation of Planning and Execution: A planner decides the steps to take, while an executor carries out the actions.
   • Verification Loop: After each action, the system checks whether it succeeded, ensuring reliability by stopping if a step fails.

4. Conclusion: Improving the reliability of automated agents relies more on managing what data they access and checking their progress at every step rather than simply using larger models.

Overall, the study suggests that careful control and verification are more effective for reliable automation than just increasing model size.

Summary of Nova Launcher Update (January 20, 2026)

• Acquisition: Nova Launcher has been acquired by Instabridge, a Swedish company focused on helping people get online.

• Current Status: Nova is not shutting down. The main goal is to keep it stable, compatible with modern Android, and well-maintained.

• Stewardship Approach: The focus is on responsible ownership without drastic changes. Key priorities include:

  • Maintaining performance and customization.
  • Fixing bugs and adapting to Android updates.
  • Listening to community feedback.

• Community Engagement: Feedback will be collected from various channels, but responses may be limited. A support contact will be provided soon.

• Key Questions:

  • Why the acquisition? Instabridge values Nova’s speed and customization and wants to ensure its stable future.
  • Will it still feel like Nova? Yes, the core identity will remain unchanged.
  • Will there be ads? Ads may be introduced for the free version, but Nova Prime will remain ad-free.
  • What about existing Prime users? Current Prime features will continue for existing users, and their purchases will be honored.
  • Price of Nova Prime? The price is now $3.99, and future pricing changes will be communicated clearly.
  • Open source? This is being considered, but no decisions have been made yet.
  • Privacy? Data collection will be minimal, and personal data will not be sold.

• Conclusion: Instabridge is committed to the long-term success of Nova Launcher through consistent maintenance and transparent communication.

No summary available.

The author has successfully set up their sway window manager to automatically start applications in a preferred layout. After years of frustration with the lack of a reliable way to save and restore window arrangements in sway, they collaborated with a friend to experiment with solutions. They discovered that instead of setting up each window's layout individually, they could launch all applications at once and then rearrange the windows based on their process IDs.

This new method speeds up the startup process and simplifies the configuration. The author created a tool called "sway-layout" to facilitate this, which can be easily installed and used with a JSON layout configuration file. While the tool is functional, it has limitations, such as not tracking windows from detached processes and not allowing for custom window sizes. The author plans to improve the tool in the future, potentially adding features for better layout tracking throughout a session.

A group of 21 computer scientists specializing in election security warns that internet voting is fundamentally insecure and cannot be made safe with current technology. Despite ongoing claims from vendors like Bradley Tusk's Mobile Voting Foundation, all internet voting systems, including those labeled as “End-to-End Verifiable Internet Voting” (E2E-VIV), have serious vulnerabilities that cannot be resolved.

Key points include:

1. Insecurity of Internet Voting: Internet voting systems can be easily compromised by malware on voters' devices, servers, or even at election offices, allowing attackers to alter votes without detection. This risk is greater than in traditional paper ballot systems.

2. Weaknesses in E2E-VIV Systems: While E2E-VIV systems were designed to improve security by enabling voters to verify their votes, they still have flaws. These systems can mislead voters, are complicated to use, and lack effective dispute resolution processes if irregularities are found.

3. Critique of VoteSecure: The recently announced VoteSecure system, developed by Tusk’s foundation, is also deemed insecure. Its creators acknowledge significant flaws, including the inability to ensure receipt-free voting and the absence of a proper dispute resolution protocol.

Overall, the consensus among these scientists is that internet voting remains unsafe for public elections and that reliance on press releases for assessing voting technology is misguided. They advocate for careful, peer-reviewed scientific investigation into any proposed voting solutions instead.

SmartOS Documentation Summary

SmartOS is a specialized operating system designed for virtualization, based on illumos. It functions as a Type 1 Hypervisor and supports two main types of virtualization:

1. OS Virtual Machines (Zones, Containers): Lightweight environments that run on a single global kernel, offering high performance and security.
2. Hardware Virtual Machines (KVM, Bhyve): Full virtualization for running various operating systems like Linux, Windows, and BSD.

SmartOS operates as a "live OS," booting from USB, ISO, or PXE, and runs entirely from memory. This setup enhances security, speeds up upgrades, and eliminates the need for disk space for the root OS.

Key technologies used in SmartOS include:

• ZFS for storage
• Crossbow for network management
• DTrace for monitoring
• Zones for virtualization
• RBAC/BSM for security

To get started with SmartOS, you can download the OS image onto a USB key. The first boot sets up networking, the root password, and disk configuration. Users manage virtual machines using tools like imgadm and vmadm, with all data formatted in JSON for simplicity.

SmartOS is part of the Triton Data Center project, which offers free resources and supports various cloud services. The community encourages contributions to improve documentation and user support.

For further information, refer to the Quick Start Guide, Users Guide, and Developer Guide available in the documentation.

A developer created a VS Code extension to help protect sensitive information in .env files while working in public or shared spaces. The extension opens .env files in a custom grid editor and automatically masks any values longer than six characters, allowing users to check their keys without revealing secrets. It runs locally without any dependencies, ensuring security. The extension is open source (MIT license) and the developer welcomes feedback on its features. You can find it on the Visual Studio Marketplace and GitHub.

The author discusses how they have started creating their own apps instead of paying for subscriptions to existing ones. They were previously using Wispr Flow for dictation and Loom for video recording, but after experimenting with a method called "vibecoding," they made their own versions—Jabber for dictation and Reel for video recording. They also created a blog editor named Hugora.

The author, who is an engineer but new to macOS app development, finds that they can quickly build functional apps for their personal use. They note a trend where many standalone apps might become features within larger products, indicating a shift in the tech industry. While they are cautious about the reliability of their creations for commercial use, they see vibecoding as a practical solution for personal projects, allowing for the creation of apps on demand.

No summary available.

The author is struggling to implement "agentic coding" effectively, feeling frustrated by the difference between online claims and their own experiences. They are seeking real evidence that this approach leads to better results, specifically creating valuable and structurally sound code that can be approved by architects.

They express concern over a trend towards minimal code reviews, where the focus shifts from evaluating code structure to just confirming that tests pass. The author believes this could lead to messy, unreliable code over time.

When using Codex to improve their code, they found themselves spending too much time fixing errors and dealing with duplicated code. While working on an iOS app, they had a good start with Codex, but it quickly turned problematic as they faced numerous bugs and had to spend a lot of time correcting issues.

Ultimately, the author feels uncomfortable with shipping code that hasn’t been reviewed, emphasizing the need for high-quality work alongside functional products.

Hassan, a co-founder of Infracost, introduced their service that helps engineers understand and reduce cloud costs for infrastructure changes before merging code. Infracost collects pricing data from major cloud providers like AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud, allowing users to see the cost impact of their code changes in platforms like GitHub and GitLab.

Since their launch in 2020, they have been improving their product. A user suggested adding carbon impact data alongside cost data, which led Hassan to partner with a UK company called Greenpixie. They provide verified carbon data, which Infracost can now combine with cost data.

Hassan believes that for some engineers, reducing carbon can also lower costs, providing extra motivation. The new feature is now available for users to try on their dashboard. He invites feedback on whether carbon impact is important to their teams or companies, and he is open to questions.

Many people are using coding agents like Claude Code in custom environments such as Docker or virtual machines, along with tools that restrict file and network access. The writer wonders what features are lacking in existing solutions that lead people to create their own setups and what a satisfactory standard for these setups would be.

No summary available.

OpenAI is facing significant financial challenges despite impressive revenue growth. The company expects to generate $30 billion in revenue this year, but it needs that number to reach $200 billion within four years to become profitable. Analysts predict OpenAI will accumulate $143 billion in losses from 2024 to 2029, highlighting its precarious financial situation compared to other tech companies like Google, which has a clearer path to profitability.

OpenAI has recently introduced ads in ChatGPT as a last resort for generating revenue, but this may not be sufficient to cover its losses. The company's high spending on infrastructure and research and development, combined with a reliance on user growth that increases costs, complicates its path to profitability. While the upcoming Super Bowl ad may aim to boost its image, the underlying financial realities remain troubling.

The text discusses a little-known astronomical monument located at the Hoover Dam called Monument Plaza. This plaza features a terrazzo floor that acts as a celestial map, marking the time of the dam's construction based on the Earth's 25,772-year axial precession cycle. The monument, created by artist Oskar J. W. Hansen, includes bronze sculptures and a flagpole, but little information about its significance is provided to visitors.

The author shares their experience visiting the plaza and seeking more information, leading them to contact the dam's historian, Emme Woodward. They discover that the monument functions as a 26,000-year clock, representing the Earth's slow wobble and how it affects the North Star over millennia. The author creates diagrams to understand the monument's layout and its purpose, emphasizing its connection to celestial navigation and long-term timekeeping.

The text concludes with a reflection on the monument's obscurity and the hope that it will remain recognizable for future generations, alongside the ongoing work on the 10,000 Year Clock project.

Summary: Rust's Standard Library on the GPU

VectorWare has made it possible to use Rust's standard library for GPU programming, marking a significant advancement in developing high-performance applications on GPUs. This development allows developers to leverage familiar Rust features while programming for GPUs, which traditionally do not support standard operating systems.

Key Points:

1. Rust's Standard Library Structure:

   • The library consists of three layers:
     • core: The fundamental language features.
     • alloc: Adds memory allocation features.
     • std: Provides higher-level functionalities like file handling and networking.

2. Limitations on GPUs:

   • Currently, GPU code typically uses the #![no_std] annotation due to the lack of operating systems on GPUs, limiting access to Rust's standard library features.

3. Advancements Enabling std on GPUs:

   • New technologies allow GPUs to have faster access to storage and networking, making it feasible to support more comprehensive libraries like std in GPU programming.

4. Implementation Approach:

   • VectorWare has created a "hostcall" framework that allows GPU code to request the host CPU to perform tasks that GPUs typically cannot handle, like file operations.
   • This allows standard API calls to be implemented on the host while maintaining the ergonomics of using standard Rust code.

5. Future Plans:

   • VectorWare plans to open source their work and collaborate with the Rust community for further enhancements. They aim to make Rust's standard library compatible with GPUs while considering the best long-term solutions for abstraction.

6. Broader Goals:

   • While VectorWare focuses on Rust, they intend to support multiple programming languages in the future, believing that Rust is particularly suited for GPU-native applications.

Overall, this initiative represents a significant step toward integrating Rust's powerful abstractions with GPU programming, enhancing developer experience and code reusability.

No summary available.

I created a simple tool to compare the prices of hard drives and SSDs based on cost per terabyte. This tool saves time by automatically calculating the price per terabyte for NAS drives, pulling data from Amazon stores in the US, Canada, Australia, and Europe. It features a sortable table that updates daily and allows filtering by drive type, interface, form factor, and capacity. I welcome any feedback and hope others find it helpful!