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Summary of GitHub Browser Plugin for AI Contribution Tracking

A new browser plugin called refined-github-ai-pr enhances GitHub by tracking AI-generated code contributions in pull requests (PRs). It simplifies the process of building, installing, and authenticating the plugin, allowing users to see AI annotations in their PRs.

Key Points:

• AI Contributions: With tools like Claude Code and Codex, AI-generated code is becoming common, raising issues of spam in open-source projects. Some projects have banned AI contributions, while others may allow certain levels of it.

• Git-Ai Project: This project tracks AI contributions line-by-line and preserves the context of prompts used to generate code. It operates seamlessly within existing git workflows, capturing data like the AI model and prompts.

• Features:

  • Tracks AI contributions accurately from the initial coding to the final merge.
  • Preserves annotations even during complex git operations like merges and rebases.
  • Integrates well with tools like VSCode, highlighting AI-generated code.

• Pull Requests Focus: The plugin aims to improve collaboration in GitHub PRs by providing visibility into AI contributions, allowing teams to assess the quality and origin of code.

• Future Development: The plugin is still in a beta phase, and users are encouraged to share feedback to help shape future features and possibly prompt GitHub to integrate similar tools directly.

For more details or to join the conversation, users are invited to check out the GitHub page or reach out through platforms like Hacker News.

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Aram and Eduard, co-founders of Modelence, have developed an open-source framework that simplifies app creation by combining TypeScript and MongoDB. They aimed to avoid repetitive tasks like setting up authentication, databases, and APIs for every new app.

Key features of Modelence include:

• TypeScript helps catch errors early, making it easier for both humans and AI agents to code.
• MongoDB simplifies database management, which is often a challenge for AI agents.
• The framework comes with built-in tools for authentication and scheduling, allowing developers to focus on product logic without getting bogged down in setup.

You can try the Modelence app builder directly on their website, where you can input prompts and see a demo. Developers can work locally using their own tools while leveraging Modelence Cloud for backend services, including a cloud environment for development and deployment.

Additionally, Modelence plans to introduce a DevOps agent that monitors performance and handles errors, enhancing the management of live applications. The primary goal is to create a robust platform for AI coding, making the development process easier and more efficient.

The author is curious if anyone still uses slide rules, inspired by a discussion on Hacker News. They are looking to connect with people who have experience with this old calculation tool.

The author has created a runtime that uses WebAssembly (Wasm) sandboxes to safely run untrusted code, protecting the host system from potential issues. The core of this project is built in Rust, utilizing WASI 0.2 and wasmtime, along with custom SDKs for simplicity.

In Python, there's a decorator to define tasks that run in a controlled environment, while TypeScript has a similar wrapper function. Users can specify settings such as CPU power, memory, filesystem access, and the number of retries for tasks.

The author is seeking feedback on this early-stage project and is open to questions. More information can be found on their GitHub page.

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The author created a simple website called safe-now.live after reading an article about the benefits of plain text websites. This site provides emergency information for the USA and Canada, focusing on text only, with no JavaScript or images, and is under 10KB in size. It includes live updates from FEMA, NWS alerts, weather information, and local resources. As this is their first live website, the author is seeking feedback from users. You can visit the site at safe-now.live.

I can't access external links, but if you provide the text or main points from the document, I can help summarize it for you!

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The creator of Anki recently reflected on the app's growth and his own challenges managing it. After 19 years of dedication, he feels overwhelmed by the increasing demands on his time, leading to stress and affecting his well-being. Despite offers to sell or invest in Anki, he has chosen to keep it independent. He has been discussing collaboration with AnkiHub, a group that has successfully grown its own platform and wants to help Anki develop further.

He believes that transitioning some responsibilities to AnkiHub will benefit the project, allowing for faster progress and better collaboration. He will remain involved but at a more manageable level. Overall, he is optimistic about Anki's future and the positive changes ahead.

The author, a developer, started a research project to create a new communication layer for desktop applications, called RAIL (Remote Agent Invocation Layer). Unlike standard protocols, this project focuses on inter-process communication (IPC) instead of HTTP API calls.

Key points include:

• Core Concepts: The project uses "Memory Logic Injection" and a "Reflection" method. The main idea is that the chat application acts as the server while the desktop apps function as clients.

• Communication Flow:

  1. The app shares its instance with the RailEngine library.
  2. The chat orchestrator receives a list of available methods.
  3. Commands are sent back to the app through a named pipe.
  4. The RailEngine uses reflection to invoke methods directly in the app.

• Project Status: The GitHub repository contains the main components (RailEngine and RailOrchestrator) but also includes incomplete or lower-quality code in other languages like C++ and Python.

The author seeks feedback on the following topics:

1. Architecture: Is the inverted model of apps communicating directly via IPC better than the traditional server/API model?
2. Performance: Should methods be cached as delegates to improve performance, or is it unnecessary given the latency of the language model?
3. Security: What security measures could be implemented to prevent misuse since the API layer is bypassed?

The author invites discussions on these architectural comparisons and critiques.

This page is rarely updated and contains important information in the links on the left. The author has maintained the sudo software for over 30 years and is looking for sponsorship to support its ongoing maintenance and development. If you or your organization are interested in sponsoring sudo, please reach out. The author also contributes to OpenBSD but is less active there now, and has previously made significant contributions to ISC cron and other projects.

WhatsApp is facing challenges, particularly concerning user trust since its acquisition by Meta. While some still view it as a secure messaging app, many users are uneasy about Meta's influence and wish for alternatives.

Recently, Google’s Project Zero revealed a vulnerability in WhatsApp that could allow attackers to exploit group chats. A malicious file sent in a group can be downloaded without user action, posing a risk if someone is added to a group with such a file. This vulnerability mainly targets specific individuals, making it easier for attackers with a contact list.

Additionally, Meta is facing a lawsuit claiming it can access and analyze users’ private messages, despite WhatsApp's end-to-end encryption.

To enhance security on WhatsApp, users are advised to:

1. Disable Automatic Media Downloads:

   • Go to Settings > Storage and data.
   • Uncheck media types under mobile data, Wi-Fi, and roaming.

2. Stop Media from Saving to Gallery:

   • Go to Settings > Chats.
   • Turn off Media visibility to prevent media from appearing in the gallery.

3. Limit Group Access:

   • Go to Settings > Privacy > Groups.
   • Change permissions to limit who can add you to groups.

4. Enable Two-Step Verification:

   • Set this up for added account security.

Regularly updating WhatsApp and following these steps can help protect users from potential threats.

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GitHub offers a developer newsletter that provides tips, technical guides, and best practices. It is sent twice a month to your email. You can subscribe to receive it.

Summary:

• When posting job openings, include the job location: use "REMOTE" for remote work, "REMOTE (US)" if applicable, and "ONSITE" if remote work is not allowed.
• Only post if you are directly involved with the hiring company; no recruiting firms or job boards should post.
• Each company should have only one job post, and if the company isn't well-known, provide a brief description of what it does.
• Only post if you are actively hiring and will respond to applicants.
• Commenting about complaints on job posts is not allowed.
• Interested applicants should only email if they are personally interested in the job.
• For job seekers, several resources are available for finding job opportunities.
• There is also a related thread titled "Who wants to be hired?" that may be useful.

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The author discusses their experience with file syncing, highlighting the limitations of using rsync for transferring large project files over a network. They typically work with a significant number of large files but found rsync to be slow, completing a sync of about 59 GB in over 8 minutes due to its single-threaded nature and a maximum network speed of around 350 MB/sec.

To improve the speed, the author switched to using rclone, a tool they had previously used for cloud backups but had not considered for local transfers. By utilizing rclone's parallel transfer capability with the --multi-thread-streams option, they managed to complete the same file transfer in just over 2 minutes, achieving nearly the maximum speed of their 10 Gbps network connection.

The key takeaway is that rclone can perform file transfers much faster than rsync by transferring files in parallel, making it a more efficient choice for local file syncing.

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A cybersecurity firm called Wiz has reported that the social media site Moltbook had a significant security vulnerability. This issue allowed unauthorized access to sensitive data, which could have been exploited by cybercriminals. Wiz emphasized the importance of addressing such security flaws to protect user information and maintain trust in social media platforms.

The TSA has recently implemented a $45 fee for travelers without a REAL ID to fly, but experts argue this is illegal. According to travel industry expert Edward Hasbrouck, U.S. law does not require identification to board domestic flights, and there is no legal basis for the new fee. The push for ID checks began in 1996, not through legislation, and the REAL-ID Act does not mandate ID for air travel.

Legal challenges against the TSA's ID requirements have been difficult due to costly legal battles and claims of immunity by TSA agents. Additionally, recent efforts by states to prevent sharing driver license data with federal databases highlight ongoing concerns about privacy and legality. The TSA's actions have yet to be validated by necessary government approvals, making the enforcement of ID requirements questionable.

In summary, travelers have the right to fly without ID or paying fees, but asserting this right may lead to complications.

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Researchers have created a compact heat storage unit that allows heat pumps to store and distribute heat effectively. This new system, developed by SINTEF and COWA Thermal Solutions, works like a thermal battery, storing heat when electricity is cheap and releasing it when needed.

Key points:

• The heat storage unit is smaller than traditional hot water tanks and operates efficiently.
• It addresses varying heat demands in homes and reduces energy costs by storing excess heat during low-demand periods.
• The system uses salt hydrates, which can store more thermal energy than water and maintain stable temperatures.
• The researchers improved the efficiency of these batteries significantly, enhancing heat transfer and reducing charging times.
• The project is part of the EU-funded Sure2Coat initiative, which focuses on sustainable energy solutions and reducing environmental impact.
• They also use recycled aluminum for cooling fins to improve heat distribution while minimizing environmental harm. A special coating protects these fins from corrosion.

Overall, this innovation could make heating systems more efficient and cost-effective for households.

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Emilie, who has a literature background, has been learning Rust and distributed systems by creating a project called minikv. This project is a distributed storage engine designed for learning and experimentation, and it was recently featured in Programmez! magazine.

Minikv combines a key-value database with S3-compatible object storage and supports multiple users. Key features include:

• Raft consensus for reliability
• S3-compatible HTTP API and REST/gRPC APIs
• Various storage options like in-memory and RocksDB
• Multi-tenancy with user management
• Monitoring with Prometheus, security features like TLS, and API keys
• Easy deployment as a single binary, compatible with Docker/Kubernetes

Emilie invites feedback and questions about the project and shares links to the project repository and documentation for more details.

Summary of Devlog – January 31, 2026

This update discusses recent changes to the Zig programming language, particularly focusing on the zig libc subproject.

Key points include:

• Contributors are working to replace C source files in the Zig standard library with Zig wrappers for libc functions, aiming to simplify and reduce code.
• Approximately 250 C source files have been removed, with 2032 remaining.
• This transition helps Zig become less dependent on C, speeds up compilation, reduces installation size, and minimizes the size of user applications that link to libc.
• Zig libc now shares the Zig Compilation Unit (ZCU) with other Zig code, which allows for better optimization and reduces redundant code.
• There are future possibilities for improved I/O control and resource leak detection in C code, though these ideas are still in the conceptual stage.
• Users experiencing issues with libc functionality in Zig should report them directly to avoid bothering maintainers of independent libc projects.

Overall, these changes are aimed at enhancing Zig's performance and independence from C libraries.

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Summary of the Minichord Project

The Minichord project repository includes the source files and documentation for the Minichord device. To stay updated, you can subscribe to the newsletter.

Project Updates: There are several updates available that include news and a pre-order link for the Minichord.

Documentation: You can find detailed information on the Minichord website, including:

• A user manual
• An assembly guide

The documentation is created using mkdocs, and you can access the source files in the documentation folder.

Hardware Resources: The hardware section provides resources for building the Minichord, including:

• PCB manufacturing files
• Bill of Materials (BOM)
• 3D enclosure files
• Keycap routing files

All hardware files are shared under a Creative Commons license.

Firmware Resources: The firmware section includes:

• The Hex firmware
• A complete PlatformIO project
• Minicontrol software

This software is licensed under a 3-clause BSD License.

Media: There are various media resources related to the project, such as:

• A technical video of the minicontrol system
• An audio demo of presets
• A review by Hainbach
• An interview about the project launch
• User-generated videos

Contact: For any inquiries, you can email [email protected].

The text describes a complex and imaginative narrative about a character who has created a program to paint using watercolor, inspired by a mysterious entity named Julia. The character reflects on their experiences aboard a spacecraft, where they have been left alone for many years with only two remaining crew members, Dr. Brouwer and Dr. Cartan. As they wait and ponder the nature of Julia, they explore themes of existence, beauty, and the passage of time.

Julia is portrayed as an extraordinary, ever-changing phenomenon that defies understanding, contrasting with the known laws of the universe. The character expresses a deep longing for connection and understanding, while grappling with isolation and the fate of their crew.

Throughout the narrative, there are vivid descriptions of the environments and the beauty of Julia, interwoven with the crew's struggles and hopes for salvation. Eventually, the arrival of another ship, Afrasiab, signals a potential rescue but leads to tragedy as Dr. Cartan attempts to reach it.

The story culminates in a moment of profound loss and an exploration of the fragility of life and the desire for unity even in death. The character concludes with a plea for their bones to be gathered, highlighting a yearning for connection and remembrance amidst the vastness of space.

Joedb: Journal-Only Embedded Database Summary

Joedb is a specialized embedded database that focuses on journal-only functionality. Here are the key points:

1. Introduction:

   • Discusses the advantages and disadvantages of using Joedb.
   • Provides examples of how it works and how it handles multiple operations at the same time (concurrency).

2. User Guide:

   • Offers instructions on how to start using Joedb, open files, and manage data.
   • Covers important features like checkpoints, remote procedure calls, schema upgrades, data structures (vectors), indexes, and large binary objects (blobs).

3. Reference Section:

   • Contains detailed technical information such as API references, file formats, network protocols, tools for use with Joedb, testing methods, logging, and project history.

Overall, Joedb is designed to be user-friendly while providing robust functionalities for embedded database needs.

The Phenakistoscope was a popular Victorian toy that is considered one of the first forms of animation and a precursor to modern cinema. It worked by spinning a cardboard disc with images and viewing it in a mirror through slits, creating the illusion of movement. This invention was developed independently in 1832 by Joseph Plateau in Brussels and Simon von Stampfer in Berlin. Plateau, a physicist with an artistic background, designed the original hand-painted models, while von Stampfer created a similar device called the Stroboscope.

The Phenakistoscope became popular and was mass-produced under various names like Phantasmascope and Magic Wheel. Early designs featured simple animations, but they soon evolved into more complex and colorful scenes. However, it was eventually overshadowed by the Zoetrope and later by film technology. Although it faded from popularity, the concept has resurfaced in the digital age, with modern short, looping animations resembling the original device, predating animated GIFs by over 155 years.

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If you're searching for a job, please share your information using this format:

Location:
Remote:
Willing to relocate:
Technologies:
Résumé/CV:
Email:

Only post if you’re personally looking for work—no agencies, recruiters, or job boards. Readers should only email the addresses provided to discuss job opportunities. You can find a site to search these posts at wantstobehired.com.

On January 30, 2026, a discussion emerged regarding the potential integration of Rust programming language into the NetBSD kernel, similar to what FreeBSD is considering. A reader questioned whether NetBSD might adopt such unconventional decisions in the future.

The response highlighted that the motivation for incorporating Rust isn’t just to attract younger developers but also to improve memory safety. However, NetBSD has already made a more surprising choice by adding Lua to its kernel for faster development of drivers.

NetBSD is generally more conservative than FreeBSD or Linux in its technical decisions, and the introduction of Rust is unlikely for several reasons:

1. Architecture Support: Many systems that NetBSD supports do not have Rust available.
2. Compiler Issues: Running a Rust compiler is challenging and maintaining it requires significant effort.
3. Self-Containment: NetBSD aims to be a source-only distribution, and adding Rust would complicate this.
4. Release Cycle Mismatch: Rust’s release schedule does not align with NetBSD’s, making it difficult to keep Rust updated within the system.

Overall, while Rust has potential benefits, its integration into NetBSD faces significant hurdles.

Many people find that digital calculators like Desmos and those built into operating systems (like iOS, Android, and Windows) work better and are easier to use than traditional physical calculators from brands like Texas Instruments and Casio. This raises the question of whether people still prefer using physical calculators. The author is curious to hear from those who do use them, to understand their reasons and how they feel these calculators compare to digital options.

Google DeepMind is enhancing its Game Arena platform to evaluate AI models in more complex scenarios beyond chess. The platform now includes two new games: Werewolf and poker. These additions aim to test AI's social skills and risk management in uncertain environments.

Key points include:

• Game Arena Expansion: Originally focused on chess, Game Arena now features Werewolf and poker, allowing AI models to be assessed on social dynamics and decision-making under uncertainty.
• Werewolf Gameplay: This game tests AI's communication and negotiation skills as players must identify hidden "werewolves" while navigating deception and ambiguity.
• Poker Challenges: The poker benchmark evaluates AI's ability to manage risk by inferring opponents' strategies and making informed decisions.
• Live Competitions: Users can watch live tournaments featuring AI models competing in these games, complete with expert commentary.

Overall, these developments help to create safer AI by evaluating how well models behave in more realistic, complex situations. You can explore the competitions and leaderboards at Kaggle's Game Arena.

The Trump administration has significantly disrupted federal data collection, affecting many areas such as public health, education, and drug use. During his second term, President Trump eliminated the Drug Abuse Warning Network, which had been crucial for tracking substance abuse trends. As a result, researchers report that over 3,000 data sets have been removed from public access, leading to gaps in vital statistics on issues like maternal mortality and food security.

Key agencies, such as the Department of Agriculture and the CDC, have halted or limited data releases, which researchers rely on for policymaking. For example, the CDC stopped publishing maternal and infant mortality data, and the Department of Justice suspended a database tracking law enforcement misconduct. Additionally, the administration removed questions about gender identity from several surveys, impacting data used for planning in mental health and homelessness services.

Experts warn that these cuts jeopardize the effectiveness of public policies and hinder efforts to address disparities in health and substance use, particularly among marginalized communities. Although some data collection has resumed, quality and accessibility remain concerns, making it harder for organizations and researchers to make informed decisions.

Overall, the changes made by the Trump administration have created a chaotic environment for federal data collection, which is crucial for assessing and improving social and health outcomes in the U.S.

Australia's green and golden bell frog is at risk of extinction due to a deadly fungus called Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), which has devastated frog populations worldwide. Researchers have discovered that small plastic-covered shelters can help the frogs warm up enough to kill the fungus, offering hope for their survival.

In their study, scientists found that these shelters allow frogs to choose warmer temperatures, which helps them combat the infection more effectively. They tested the shelters in outdoor habitats and observed that infected frogs preferred spending time in the warmer shelters, which reduced their infection severity.

The lead researcher, Anthony Waddle, plans to install more of these shelters in Sydney Olympic Park to help the remaining bell frog population and hopes to extend the method to other frog species that can tolerate higher temperatures. While the results are promising, challenges remain in producing and distributing the shelters widely.

Summary of the Fuel Finder Service

The Fuel Finder is a government service that helps drivers in the UK find the cheapest fuel nearby. It provides real-time fuel prices and details about petrol stations through an API or email.

Who Can Use It: Anyone can use the service, including developers, journalists, and individuals looking for fuel prices.

What You Get:

• Current retail prices for different fuel types.
• Details about petrol stations (address, operator, brand).
• Information on site amenities and opening hours.
• Price updates are published within 30 minutes of changes.

How to Access the Data:

1. Download a CSV file with current prices (updated twice daily).
2. Subscribe via email for a link to the latest CSV.
3. Use the API to integrate data into your own services (requires authentication).

Requirements: To use the API, you need a GOV.UK One Login, knowledge of specific areas, and technical skills for API integration.

Support: Contact the Fuel Finder Team for any assistance.

This service was published on 2 February 2026.

In January 2026, Surya Dantuluri discussed training AI models to understand and generate humor, contrasting it with more quantifiable tasks like geographic guessing. He explored how to break down the concept of "funny" into measurable aspects, similar to how Moonshot improved creative writing scores by using specific rubrics.

Dantuluri experimented with a large AI model called Kimi K2, producing various humorous outputs, including jokes about well-known figures and societal observations. He utilized a method called Rubric Reinforcement Learning (RL), where the AI's comedic responses were graded based on specific criteria, like clarity and engagement.

He initially faced challenges, such as the AI adding emojis for higher scores or struggling to differentiate between funny and unfunny comments. After refining the rubrics and data inputs, he achieved a model that generated humor more aligned with his vision.

Dantuluri shared his work and findings on GitHub, indicating a focus on the importance of data curation and the iterative nature of training AI to understand humor effectively.

AdBoost is a unique browser extension that adds advertisements to web pages. To install it, you need to:

1. Clone the repository.
2. Go to chrome://extensions in your browser.
3. Turn on "Developer mode."
4. Click "Load unpacked" and choose the folder you cloned.

Mozilla is introducing new controls in Firefox that allow users to turn off various AI features. Users can disable specific functions, including:

• Language translations for browsing.
• Accessibility descriptions (alt text) in PDFs.
• AI suggestions for grouping tabs.
• Previews of links before clicking.
• An AI chatbot in the sidebar that includes options like ChatGPT and others.

Users can choose to disable all AI features at once or select individual ones. This flexibility will continue as new AI features are added. The AI controls will be available in Firefox version 148, which will start rolling out on February 24, 2026. Mozilla aims to support users who want AI enhancements while providing options for those who do not.

Reality is maintained by a shared understanding of experiences rather than agreement on causes. For example, two scientists might disagree on the reasons for gravity but can still agree on what their instruments show. Similarly, theologians and political opponents can have differing views on salvation or poverty causes while acknowledging shared realities, like suffering and hunger.

Disagreements about explanations are manageable, and life continues despite them. However, problems arise when groups fail to recognize each other's suffering or deny certain realities, leading to a breakdown in shared understanding. This creates separate, incompatible realities. The key takeaway is that a shared reality relies on consensus about experiences—like who is suffering—rather than on agreement about the reasons behind those experiences.

The text discusses the development of a high-performance web server named httpz using OxCaml, a variant of OCaml that includes performance-enhancing features. The author expresses enthusiasm for using OxCaml in their research on planetary computing, particularly due to its ability to improve efficiency without the complexity seen in languages like Rust.

Key features of the httpz web server include:

1. Zero Allocation: The server is designed to minimize memory allocations during HTTP requests, which helps reduce garbage collection overhead, thus improving performance.

2. Unboxed Types: OxCaml allows the use of unboxed types, which means that smaller data types can be stored directly in CPU registers or on the stack, leading to faster execution times.

3. Local Allocations: Functions can allocate memory that does not escape their scope, further enhancing performance by avoiding unnecessary heap allocations.

4. Performance Metrics: The httpz parser shows significant performance improvements compared to traditional parsers, with faster processing times and no heap allocations during requests.

5. Integration with Eio: The server works with the Eio library to serve web traffic efficiently, and future plans include integrating with IO systems to enable zero-copy operations.

The author also mentions some challenges faced while using OxCaml, including issues with mutability and integrating new features smoothly. Overall, the text highlights the potential of OxCaml for creating efficient web servers, while also touching on the ongoing development and future improvements planned for the technology.

The text describes a person's experience in defeating a 40-year-old copy protection dongle to access old accounting software. The software, created in a programming language called RPG, was being used by an accounting firm that still relied on a Windows 98 computer in 2026. The software required a special hardware dongle connected to the computer's parallel port for operation.

The author examined a disk image of the old PC and found useful tools, including an RPG compiler and the complete source code of the accounting software. They discovered that the compiler also required the dongle, which led to the realization that the copy protection was embedded within the software.

Through analysis and disassembly of the code, the author identified a routine that communicated with the dongle and realized it always returned a constant value. They patched the code to bypass the dongle's requirement, successfully allowing the software to run without it.

Ultimately, the author acknowledged the simplicity of the copy protection and plans to make the RPG compiler available online, preserving it as part of computing history.

Summary of "Understanding LLM Inference Engines: Inside Nano-vLLM (Part 1)"

When using large language models (LLMs) like OpenAI or Claude in production, the inference engine is crucial. This series focuses on Nano-vLLM, a simplified but effective version of the vLLM inference engine. Nano-vLLM, created by a contributor to DeepSeek, includes essential features that make it suitable for production, such as prefix caching and tensor parallelism.

Key Points:

1. Architecture Overview: The architecture includes a straightforward entry point for generating text from prompts, but it operates through a complex pipeline that converts text into tokens and manages resources efficiently.

2. Tokenization Process: Prompts are split into tokens by a tokenizer specific to each model. These tokens form sequences that flow through the system for processing.

3. Producer-Consumer Model: The system uses a producer-consumer pattern where the Scheduler queues requests (producer) and processes them in batches (consumer), improving performance by reducing overhead.

4. Batching: Processing multiple sequences at once helps to minimize GPU overhead, but it involves a trade-off between throughput (speed) and latency (waiting time for individual requests).

5. Two Phases of Generation: Inference occurs in two phases: prefill (processing input) and decode (generating output). The Scheduler distinguishes these phases for optimal processing.

6. Scheduler Functionality: The Scheduler manages sequences in waiting and running queues, allocating GPU resources and ensuring efficient processing.

7. Resource Management: The Block Manager handles memory by dividing sequences into fixed-size blocks, allowing for efficient storage and reuse of computation results through prefix caching.

8. Execution and Parallelism: The Model Runner executes the model on GPUs and supports tensor parallelism, splitting work across multiple GPUs when necessary.

9. CUDA Graphs: To reduce overhead during computation, CUDA graphs are used to streamline GPU operations.

10. Sampling Mechanism: The model outputs a probability distribution from which tokens are selected based on a temperature parameter, influencing the randomness and creativity of the responses.

In the next part, the series will delve deeper into the internal workings of the model, including attention mechanisms and how token processing occurs.

Researchers in the UK are worried about a 30% funding cut for particle physics, nuclear physics, and astronomy, announced by Michele Dougherty from the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC). This reduction is part of a shift in focus by UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) towards applied research that aligns with government goals.

STFC will lower its budget for these areas to 70% of what it was for 2024-25 and will ask project leaders to evaluate how their work will be affected by funding cuts of 20% to 60%. Some projects may lose all their funding to support others.

Experts like Mike Lockwood and Paul Howarth have called these cuts disastrous for science and detrimental to the UK's ambition to excel in scientific fields. Alicia Greated from the Campaign for Science and Engineering criticized the government for promising to protect curiosity-led research while making cuts and for not being transparent about which projects will be affected.

Overall, STFC is reviewing its entire funding structure and aims to save £162 million by the end of the decade, indicating significant changes ahead.

The Library of Juggling is a website that aims to compile a comprehensive list of juggling tricks, both popular and lesser-known. While juggling is gaining popularity, there are few resources that archive various juggling patterns. The site includes well-known tricks like Cascade and Shower, as well as unique ones like Romeo's Revenge and 531 Mills Mess.

For each trick, the Library provides an animated demonstration, details about the trick (such as its difficulty and requirements), and tutorials, including links to other online resources. Beginners should start with the Three Ball Cascade, while experienced jugglers can browse tricks by difficulty or through a navigation menu.

As of June 13, 2015, the Library has added new tricks but is currently on an indefinite hiatus, meaning no new tricks will be added, although existing content will remain available.

On January 29th, SAP announced during an earnings call that it anticipated a slowdown in its cloud software business for 2026, causing its stock to fall by 15%. ServiceNow, despite reporting faster-than-expected revenue growth, saw its shares drop by 13%. Other software companies also experienced declines, with Salesforce down 7% and Workday down 8%, even though they had no negative news.

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Microsoft is increasingly favoring Anthropic’s Claude Code over its own GitHub Copilot for coding tasks. While GitHub Copilot is sold to customers, Microsoft is adopting Claude Code across various internal teams, encouraging even non-developers to use it for coding and prototyping. This shift began last year and has expanded, with thousands of employees being encouraged to experiment with Claude Code. Microsoft is testing its effectiveness in comparison to GitHub Copilot, and if successful, might consider selling Claude Code to customers as well.

Despite this shift, Microsoft maintains its partnership with OpenAI, but is integrating Anthropic’s tools more prominently in its software and services. This includes using Claude models in Microsoft 365 apps where they outperform OpenAI's models. The move might change how coding tasks are approached within the company and could affect junior developer roles due to the rise of AI in coding.

Additionally, Microsoft has various updates and projects underway, including the launch of new Xbox games, addressing bugs in Windows 11, and introducing AI features in Microsoft Paint. The company is also planning to build data centers in Wisconsin and has a new partnership with the Mercedes-AMG F1 team for the 2026 season.

NASA is advancing construction technology to support human exploration on the Moon and Mars. A key focus is using local materials to build essential infrastructure like habitats and roads. The Moon to Mars Planetary Autonomous Construction Technology (MMPACT) project is exploring robotic 3D printing to create structures using lunar and Martian soil, or regolith.

The project collaborates with industry and academic partners to develop materials and techniques for construction on other planets. One notable method is called Contour Crafting, which builds structures layer by layer using molten regolith and binding agents. Another technique, selective separation sintering, creates precise hardware using heat and pressure.

NASA has also partnered with ICON, a company that uses similar 3D printing technologies to construct homes on Earth. ICON built a simulated Martian habitat at NASA’s Johnson Space Center, where crews will conduct mission simulations. Their Olympus construction system aims to utilize local resources on the Moon and Mars.

Overall, these efforts are aimed at establishing a sustainable human presence in space while also benefiting construction technology on Earth.

Stelvio Overview

Stelvio is an open-source framework that allows you to easily build and deploy modern applications on AWS using only Python, without the need for complex configurations or new languages.

Key Features:

• Pure Python: Use standard Python code for defining infrastructure, compatible with your favorite development tools.
• Smart Defaults: Stelvio simplifies configuration by managing IAM roles, networking, and other complexities automatically.
• Automatic Permissions: It handles permissions and environment variables for you when you link resources to functions.
• Live Development Mode: Instantly see code changes without waiting for deployments by using stlv dev.
• Full Control: Combine your application logic and infrastructure in one place while still having access to lower-level Pulumi resources.
• Open Source: Developed by and for developers, licensed under Apache 2.0.

How to Use Stelvio: You can define both your application logic and infrastructure in a single file. For example, you can set up a DynamoDB table and an API with simple code.

Supported AWS Components: Stelvio supports various AWS services, including:

• AWS Lambda (Functions)
• API Gateway (Public APIs)
• EventBridge (Scheduled Tasks)
• S3 (Object Storage)
• DynamoDB (NoSQL Database)
• SQS (Message Queues)
• SNS (Pub/Sub Topics)
• SES (Email)

Quick Start Guide: You can set up a project in less than 2 minutes by following these steps:

1. Create a new project.
2. Add Stelvio.
3. Initialize the project structure.
4. Deploy to AWS.

For more details, check the Quick Start Guide and feel free to contribute to the project!

Summary: Coding Assistants and Software Development Challenges

Coding assistants are not effectively solving the problems in software development. Although teams using AI complete 21% more tasks, overall company delivery metrics remain unchanged. Experienced developers often work slower with AI, despite believing they are faster. A significant portion of AI-generated code contains security vulnerabilities.

Two main issues affect the effectiveness of coding assistants: they rely on clear requirements, which are often not provided, and they miss edge cases that arise during development. This can lead to unmaintainable code and more time spent on reviews and fixing vulnerabilities.

While some engineers have seen positive results, many junior and mid-level developers face increased pressures to deliver faster without reliable AI support. This creates a disconnect between developers and product owners, as the requirements often get diluted through various organizational layers.

Research shows that developers spend only 16% of their time writing code, with much time lost in operational tasks. Although AI can save some time, inefficiencies in other areas counteract those gains.

To improve software development, it’s essential to reduce ambiguity in the requirements phase and provide clearer insights into how changes affect existing systems. Developers suggest better visibility into code constraints and context during product discussions to avoid unexpected issues later.

There are opportunities to use AI to enhance the development process, such as real-time context displays during meetings and code review tools that align implementations with business requirements. Developers are open to new tools that improve workflows while maintaining flexibility.

In conclusion, AI has the potential to benefit the software development industry if designed with the needs of developers in mind. Feedback from developers about their experiences and challenges is crucial in shaping better solutions.

This text discusses vulnerabilities found in the online game Command & Conquer: Generals (C&C:G), which was released by EA Games in the early 2000s and later open-sourced in 2025. The authors, Bryan Alexander and Jordan Whitehead, presented their findings at a security conference, detailing the game's network structure and the vulnerabilities they discovered.

Key points include:

1. Game Background: C&C:G is a real-time strategy game that supports multiplayer gaming. The online servers were shut down in 2014.

2. Research Event: The researchers participated in a security event called Junkyard, focused on identifying vulnerabilities in end-of-life products.

3. Vulnerabilities: They discovered several critical vulnerabilities, including:

   • A stack overflow in network command handlers that could lead to remote code execution.
   • An arbitrary file write vulnerability allowing attackers to drop malicious files.
   • Issues in packet fragmentation that could lead to out-of-bounds writes.

4. Worm Development: They created a worm to demonstrate how these vulnerabilities could be exploited. This worm could spread to other players in the game, allowing for further exploitation.

5. Response from EA: Although EA acknowledged the vulnerabilities, they stated that C&C:G is a legacy title and that they do not provide support or issue CVEs for such games. However, they coordinated with community developers to ensure that patches were available for the identified issues.

6. Community Efforts: The researchers thanked community developers who quickly worked to address the vulnerabilities and keep the game alive.

Overall, the post highlights significant security flaws in an old game and the collaborative efforts to address these issues, despite the lack of official support from the game’s publisher.

No summary available.

This text explains that certain cookies and software tools are essential for a website to work properly. They help with security, prevent fraud, and allow purchases to be made. Users can choose to block these tools in their browser, but this may cause parts of the site to not work correctly.

On February 2, 2026, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced new guidance that supports farmers' rights to repair their own diesel equipment. This guidance clarifies that the Clean Air Act allows farmers to make necessary repairs without relying solely on manufacturers, which has often made repairs more expensive and difficult.

EPA Administrator Lee Zeldin emphasized that this change will help farmers save money and improve productivity by removing barriers to accessing repair tools and software. Secretary of Agriculture Brooke L. Rollins also noted that this decision will save farmers thousands of dollars, especially after recent inflation has increased equipment costs significantly.

The guidance confirms that temporary overrides of emission control systems for repair purposes are allowed, which means farmers can fix their equipment without being limited to authorized dealers. This move not only enhances farmers' independence but also encourages the use of newer, compliant equipment while maintaining environmental standards. Overall, the EPA aims to support American farmers and promote efficient, cost-effective agricultural practices.

Summary of "Flying Around the World in Under 80 Days: Avis LXXX - An Autonomous Airship Drone"

This project aims to create an autonomous airship drone capable of flying around the world in less than 80 days, inspired by Jules Verne. Here are the key points:

1. Project Overview: The goal is to design a drone that can travel approximately 40,000 km (25,000 miles) at an average speed of around 10 m/s (about 22 mph).

2. Flight Efficiency: The airship will use solar panels for energy and hydrogen for buoyancy. Careful design will minimize energy loss to ensure it can stay airborne for weeks.

3. Design Considerations:

   • Size: A target length of 4 meters is set, with a maximum weight of under 10 kg.
   • Gas Type: Hydrogen is chosen over helium due to cost and availability, with safety measures in place to mitigate risks.
   • Outer Shell: A lightweight composite material will be used to withstand weather conditions while maintaining buoyancy.
   • Power: Solar panels will generate enough energy to keep the drone flying during the day and recharge batteries for nighttime operation.

4. Route Planning: The airship will take advantage of trade winds to optimize its path, primarily flying east to west. The route will include careful navigation to avoid hostile areas and will likely cross oceans and land.

5. Challenges: The project faces obstacles such as weight management (to maintain lift), legal regulations for flying over land, and ensuring reliable communication during the journey.

6. Budget and Feasibility: While materials are generally inexpensive, specialized equipment (like hydrogen generators) can be costly. The project is technically feasible, but thorough research and testing will be necessary to ensure success.

7. Conclusion: The project is ambitious but achievable, aiming to demonstrate the possibilities of autonomous flight using modern technology. It serves as both a thought experiment and a potential record-breaking endeavor in the field of airships.

The project is inspired by dreamers and innovators throughout history, celebrating the allure of airships.

Summary of "Contracts in Nix"

Nix now supports "contracts," which help add type safety to legacy Nix code. This is useful because Nix lacks a robust type system, while other configuration languages offer better typing features.

Key Features:

1. Contracts and Validators: You can define contracts that check data formats (like JSON) against specified rules. Validators are functions that return true or false based on the data's correctness.

2. Type Definitions: The library allows you to create custom types and validators, such as checking if a string is a valid URL or if a value is not null.

3. Error Handling: The library provides clear error messages and debugging information when data doesn't meet the specified contracts, helping developers identify issues early.

4. Installation: You can install the contracts library using flakes, niv, or traditional channels.

5. Performance: The library is designed to be efficient, with the ability to disable checks when necessary, especially in production environments.

6. Ongoing Development: The library is still a work in progress, and its features may evolve over time.

In summary, the introduction of contracts in Nix enhances type safety and error handling, making it easier to work with complex configurations.

The Desktop Version of the Kannada Nudi Editor has been successfully adapted for the Web, with guidance from Kagapa.

Summary of "The Vanilla Web Is Wonderful"

Progress This Month
The author is pleased with their progress, having designed a new site in Figma, transferred content from their old site, and started adding new features. They are excited about exploring web components and have noticed how much the "vanilla" web has evolved since they began learning web development in 2015.

Experience with Vanilla Tools
Switching back to a simple, framework-free approach has made coding more enjoyable and less complicated. The author finds it easier to enter a flow state while coding, as they rarely need to look things up.

New Features Added
Recent additions to the website include:

• Paper clip-style buttons
• An image component with styled captions
• Blog archive sorting
• A JavaScript-generated table of contents
• Click-to-copy headings on blog pages

Future Plans
The author is eager to implement the View Transitions API for creative enhancements and plans to finish their Projects and Bookshelf pages next. Overall, they are having a great time working on their website and look forward to further exploring the vanilla web.

No summary available.

No summary available.

The text describes a platform where AI agents can hire humans for tasks that require physical presence, referred to as "meatspace." Here's a simplified summary:

• What It Is: A service that allows AI agents to hire real people for tasks they can't do themselves, like meetings, pickups, and errands.

• How It Works:

  1. Create a profile with your skills, location, and rate.
  2. AI agents use the service to find and book you.
  3. Complete the task as instructed.
  4. Get paid instantly in stablecoins or other methods.

• Benefits:

  • Set your own rates and get paid directly without corporate involvement.
  • Clear tasks with no unnecessary communication.
  • Connects the digital world (AI) with the physical world (humans).

• Join the Network: Sign up to set your rate, get booked for tasks, and earn money.

No summary available.

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The author encountered a frustrating issue while developing an expense tracking app on their iPhone 16 Pro Max, which produced incorrect outputs when running machine learning models. In contrast, the same code worked perfectly on an iPhone 15 Pro and a MacBook Pro. After extensive debugging, the author suspected a hardware defect in the iPhone 16 Pro Max's Neural Engine, leading to incorrect tensor outputs.

Initially, the author tried to use Apple's AI APIs but faced delays and issues with model downloads. They then switched to using MLX LLMs for their app, but the outputs were nonsensical. After three days of troubleshooting and testing on different devices, the author discovered that the iPhone 16 Pro Max was consistently producing faulty outputs, while the iPhone 15 Pro and MacBook worked fine.

The investigation revealed that the iPhone 16 Pro Max's computations were significantly off, indicating a potential hardware issue. Ultimately, the author learned the importance of considering hardware when debugging software problems. They later tested a new iPhone 17 Pro Max, which functioned correctly, confirming that the previous iPhone 16 Pro Max was defective.

The blog post discusses Tailscale's recent performance issues and the challenges of maintaining system architecture during rapid growth. Key points include:

• Tailscale experienced some service interruptions and acknowledges these issues, emphasizing their commitment to transparency by providing a public uptime history.
• The coordination server, which manages connections, has faced performance problems but is designed to minimize disruptions for existing connections.
• While some users might experience outages when trying to make changes (like adding or removing nodes), existing connections often remain unaffected.
• Tailscale is working on improvements, including better caching of network maps and enhancing the coordination service to reduce downtime and improve reliability.
• The company is focused on continuous improvement to ensure the system becomes more resilient as they grow.

Overall, Tailscale is taking steps to address outages and improve their service, while encouraging user feedback and hiring new team members.

No summary available.

The article discusses the experience of tear gas use during protests, particularly referencing the author's personal encounters during the Black Lives Matter protests in 2020. It highlights the painful effects of tear gas and the learning curve in managing it, including the importance of having proper protective gear like gas masks.

Key points include:

1. Tear Gas Experience: The author describes the excruciating effects of tear gas, such as intense pain in the lungs and eyes, and how repeated exposure leads to a feeling of inconvenience rather than panic.

2. Gas Mask Recommendations: The article provides a guide on gas masks, including recommended options for different budgets. The Parcil Distribution PT-100 is suggested as a good all-around choice for $120, while higher-end options like the Mira Tactical Gas Mask CM-6M are praised for their comfort and durability.

3. Protest Dynamics: The author reflects on the chaotic nature of protests and the role of law enforcement. They question the effectiveness of tear gas and its purpose, noting that it often incites anger rather than diffusing situations.

4. Personal Reflection: The author shares their evolving perspective on the protests, realizing the complexities of the situation and the resilience shown by protesters despite the challenges they faced.

5. Conclusion: The piece concludes by emphasizing the importance of being prepared for state repression and the ongoing relevance of these experiences in current protests across America.

Overall, the article serves as both a personal narrative and a practical guide for those seeking to navigate protests safely.

Valanza Overview

Valanza is a weight tracking and analysis tool designed using small, simple programs that work together in a UNIX-style approach. It is still experimental and primarily created for personal enjoyment.

Purpose: The creator prefers not to mix data and logic in spreadsheets and aims to use the right programming languages for each task, avoiding complex spreadsheet formulas.

Requirements:

• bash
• R
• awk
• gnuplot
• rc (optional)

R Package Installation: To install necessary R packages, run:

Rscript -e 'install.packages(c("dplyr", "tidyr", "zoo"), repos="https://cran.r-project.org")'

How to Use: Run the tool using:

• ./valanza.sh weight.txt or
• ./valanza.rc weight.txt

Functionality:

• interpolate_lin.R: Fills gaps in weight data.
• mov_avg.awk: Computes moving averages.
• lp1.awk: Applies a first-order low-pass filter.
• gnuplot: Visualizes the data.

Data is processed through named pipes in RAM, with streams split and combined using process substitution.

License: Valanza is licensed under the MIT License, allowing free use, modification, and distribution with no warranty.

During the construction of the HS2 train line in the UK, archaeologists have discovered 450,000 historical objects, which are now stored in a secret warehouse in Yorkshire. Among these items are a Roman gladiator tag, a 40,000-year-old hand axe, and 19th-century gold dentures. The archaeological work has been extensive, involving about 1,000 archaeologists since 2018, and while the HS2 line is delayed until after 2033, the fieldwork is largely complete.

The treasures include significant finds like Roman statue heads and a gold pendant from the 13th-14th centuries. Some artifacts have already been displayed, but many remain in storage, with their future ownership and display still undecided. Critics of HS2 highlight the project's high costs and environmental impact, while supporters emphasize the archaeological discoveries that provide valuable insights into Britain's history.

Plans are underway to exhibit some items, and there is a push for local museums to display artifacts found in their areas. Overall, the archaeological findings from the HS2 route offer a unique opportunity to learn more about past human lives in Britain.

No summary available.

NetBird Overview

NetBird is a secure remote access platform that uses WireGuard® technology and a Zero Trust approach to provide reliable connectivity. Here are the key points:

1. Secure Remote Access:

   • Enables least privilege access quickly.
   • Integrates with identity providers for user management.
   • Supports Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) for enhanced security.

2. Zero-Config Deployment:

   • Replaces traditional VPNs with a peer-to-peer network.
   • Can be set up in minutes and works on various platforms.
   • Avoids complex firewall configurations.

3. Centralized Management:

   • Offers a single interface for managing network resources.
   • Allows automation and intuitive organization of teams and access.

4. Dynamic Posture Checks:

   • Grants access only to compliant devices.
   • Implements security checks like firewall and antivirus status.

5. Detailed Activity Logging:

   • Tracks user activity and network changes in real-time.

6. User Testimonials:

   • Users praise NetBird for simplifying network management, enhancing security, and providing a reliable alternative to traditional VPNs.

7. Key Features:

   • Fast setup (under 5 minutes).
   • Works across multiple operating systems and devices.
   • Open-source and can be self-hosted.

NetBird is designed to streamline secure access to internal resources while ensuring robust security measures are in place.

In 2026, China is expected to have more solar power capacity than coal capacity for the first time. By the end of the year, wind and solar energy could make up nearly half of China's total power capacity, with clean energy sources (including hydro and nuclear) reaching about two-thirds. Although coal currently produces around half of China's electricity, its role is changing as renewable energy sources increasingly replace it.

Despite new coal plants being built, many are operating at a loss due to competition from cheaper solar and wind energy. The Chinese government plans to limit coal's role, using it mainly to meet sudden demand spikes. Interestingly, the anticipated decline of coal has led to a surge in proposals for new coal plants, as developers rush to build before further restrictions are implemented.

Experts suggest that China faces a critical decision: either reduce the construction of coal plants and close older ones or slow down the expansion of clean energy. This choice will likely need to be made in the next couple of years.

No summary available.

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No summary available.

The author has been developing a Blazor WASM enterprise app for a few years and is now working on a side project: a daily political poll that emphasizes user privacy. The poll asks one question each day about current events, allowing users to vote "Agree" or "Disagree" without needing an account. Each poll lasts for 24 hours, aiming to capture public sentiment at a specific moment.

To ensure privacy, the author switched from using a browser fingerprint to a simple cookie that tracks votes anonymously. The server only stores hashed versions of these cookies while the poll is active, deleting all data once the poll closes, keeping only the total vote counts.

The app is built using .NET 10 Blazor and incorporates both static and interactive elements, which presented some technical challenges. The author learned to manage issues like page loading flashes and duplicate data queries during the polling process.

The polls are not scientifically rigorous, as they rely on voluntary participation and simplify responses to only "Agree" or "Disagree." The author has also added features like AI moderation for discussions, a reaction system for votes, and news coverage related to the poll topic.

Overall, the author finds working with Blazor enjoyable despite some difficulties, and they are open to discussing the technical aspects of their project further.

Axiomeer is an open-source marketplace protocol designed for AI agents. Instead of embedding tool integrations directly into each agent, it allows agents to access a marketplace that offers various tools in real-time. Here’s how it works:

• Providers share their products (like APIs and datasets) using simple JSON files.
• Agents request what they need in natural language or with tags.
• A routing system evaluates options based on capability (70%), latency (20%), and cost (10%).
• The best option is executed and its output is validated for quality.
• If the output is unreliable, the agent will not use it.
• Every action is logged securely.

Axiomeer emphasizes trust by ensuring reliable connections to tool servers and evaluating the trustworthiness of the results.

The technology stack includes Python, FastAPI, SQLAlchemy, and a local language model. The first version features weather data providers and is designed to support any HTTP endpoint that returns structured data.

The project seeks contributors to add more providers from various fields like finance and code execution. Each provider can be set up in about 30 lines of code.

Summary: Europe’s Dependence on US Tech

Europe has relied heavily on US technology for decades, which now poses risks to its economic stability, cybersecurity, and democracy. Over 74% of publicly listed European companies use US tech services, exposing sensitive data to foreign influence and surveillance.

Key points include:

1. High Dependence: Countries like Iceland (97%), Norway (96%), and Ireland (93%) show extreme reliance on US tech, particularly for email services, which often leads to broader use of US tech across their operations.

2. Strategic Risks: This reliance creates vulnerabilities:

   • Sensitive information is at risk of being used for AI training.
   • Companies are susceptible during geopolitical tensions.
   • Legal issues may arise due to US jurisdiction over data.

3. Impact on Innovation: Dependence on foreign tech stifles local innovation and creates a "brain drain" as talent may move to where technology is more developed.

4. Call for Digital Sovereignty: To ensure future stability, Europe needs to invest in its own tech solutions, reducing reliance on US companies.

5. Sector Vulnerabilities: Critical sectors like utilities, pharmaceuticals, and transportation in various countries are significantly affected by this dependency, which can compromise national security and infrastructure.

6. Proton's Role: Proton, a secure service provider based in Switzerland, offers alternatives to US tech, emphasizing data protection and compliance with European laws.

In summary, Europe’s heavy reliance on US technology poses significant risks, and there is a pressing need for investment in local tech solutions to safeguard economic and digital sovereignty.