The text includes links to a system card for "Claude Sonnet 4-6" and a video related to it. The system card likely contains important information about the Claude AI model, and the video may provide additional insights or demonstrations. The focus is on sharing these resources for further exploration of the AI system.

Summary of "Using go fix to modernize Go code"

The Go programming language has introduced a new version of the go fix command with the release of Go 1.26. This command helps developers update their code by identifying opportunities to use more modern features of the language and library.

Key Points:

1. Functionality of go fix:

   • It analyzes and modifies Go code automatically, improving it without affecting generated files.
   • Developers are encouraged to run go fix after updating to a new Go version for optimal results.

2. Preview Changes:

   • Users can preview changes using the -diff flag before applying them.

3. Available Fixers:

   • The command includes various analyzers that suggest specific improvements, such as replacing outdated code patterns with modern equivalents.

4. Modernization with Generics:

   • The introduction of generics in Go 1.18 allows for more concise code and multiple opportunities for modernization.

5. New Features in Go 1.26:

   • The new function can now initialize variables directly with values, simplifying code. The go fix command includes a fixer to update older patterns to this new style.

6. Synergistic Fixes:

   • Applying one fix may enable additional fixes, making it beneficial to run go fix multiple times.

7. Handling Fixes and Conflicts:

   • The command uses a merging algorithm to apply multiple fixes while managing conflicts.

8. Analysis Framework:

   • The Go analysis framework has been enhanced to improve the performance and ease of writing new analyzers.

9. Self-Service Tools:

   • Future plans include allowing developers to create their own modernization tools for their APIs, promoting a more flexible and efficient updating process.

The article encourages Go programmers to utilize go fix to maintain their projects and learn about the latest language features. Feedback and suggestions for new tools are welcomed.

Gentoo on Codeberg Summary

As of February 16, 2026, Gentoo has moved to Codeberg, allowing contributions to be submitted to its repository at https://codeberg.org/gentoo/gentoo, instead of GitHub. This is part of a transition to reduce reliance on GitHub. Codeberg, located in Berlin, Germany, is run by a non-profit organization and is based on Forgejo.

Gentoo will still maintain its own repositories while using Codeberg for easier contributions.

To submit pull requests on Codeberg, it's recommended to use the AGit method, which is more efficient and doesn’t require a separate fork. To get started, clone the Gentoo repository and create a new branch. When ready to submit a pull request, use the provided git commands to push your changes.

For more detailed instructions, please refer to Gentoo's wiki.

Summary of GrapheneOS - Break Free from Google and Apple

GrapheneOS is a custom, open-source operating system designed for enhanced privacy and security, based on the Android Open Source Project. It eliminates Google services at the system level, reducing tracking and data collection while maintaining a modern and stable environment. The OS is mainly supported on Google Pixel devices due to their security features.

Key Points:

• Introduction: The author shares their transition from the Apple ecosystem to exploring alternatives like Android and ultimately GrapheneOS after learning about its security features.

• What is GrapheneOS: A privacy-focused Android alternative that protects users from data tracking and surveillance. It supports running Google Play Services in a sandbox to limit permissions.

• Supported Devices: GrapheneOS is primarily compatible with Google Pixel devices, ensuring optimal performance and security.

• Installation Process:

  • Requires a compatible smartphone, a data-capable USB cable, and a computer with a Chromium-based browser.
  • Involves preparing the phone, unlocking the bootloader, downloading the system image, and flashing it onto the device.

• Usage Vision:

  • Users can create multiple profiles for different usage scenarios, enhancing privacy.
  • Applications can be managed with full control over permissions, allowing users to restrict access to sensitive data.

• Open-Source Applications: The author lists several open-source apps they use, promoting a shift away from proprietary software.

• Aurora Store: An alternative to the Google Play Store that allows users to download apps without relying on Google services.

• User Control: GrapheneOS provides tools to manage app permissions meticulously, enhancing user security.

• Private Space: A feature that allows users to isolate certain apps and data for added privacy.

• Support for GrapheneOS: The author encourages supporting the development of GrapheneOS to promote privacy-focused technology.

Overall, GrapheneOS offers a viable alternative for users seeking greater control over their digital privacy, especially those looking to move away from mainstream operating systems.

VectorWare has announced a significant advancement: the ability to use Rust's async/await features on the GPU. This development allows developers to write complex, high-performance applications that effectively utilize GPU capabilities, using familiar Rust programming patterns.

Traditionally, GPU programming has focused on parallel processing of data, which is effective for uniform tasks like graphics and image processing. However, as applications become more complex, they require more sophisticated control flow, leading to challenges in managing concurrency and synchronization manually.

Many existing solutions, like JAX and Triton, aim to simplify GPU programming by introducing structured concurrency models, but they require developers to learn new programming paradigms, which can be a barrier to adoption. Instead, VectorWare believes that Rust's Future trait and async/await offer a more flexible and integrated approach, allowing for structured concurrency without needing a completely new language or ecosystem.

By leveraging Rust’s async features, developers can express concurrency easily, as the same syntax works unchanged on both CPUs and GPUs. VectorWare has successfully demonstrated this by running async functions on the GPU and developing an executor to manage these tasks effectively.

While this new capability is promising, it also comes with challenges such as potential performance issues due to cooperative multitasking and increased register pressure on the GPU. VectorWare is exploring solutions and future developments, including GPU-native executors that could enhance task scheduling and performance.

VectorWare’s work is not limited to Rust; they plan to support multiple programming languages in future products. However, they see Rust as particularly well-suited for high-performance GPU applications. They encourage developers to follow their updates as they continue to innovate in this space.

The article discusses the growing trend of DIY tunneling, highlighting examples like Colin Furze and TikTok's "Tunnel Girl." While the idea of building tunnels is fascinating, it comes with numerous challenges and dangers that hobbyists might not anticipate.

Key points include:

1. Legal Considerations: Before digging, it's important to understand land ownership laws, which often extend below the surface. Tunneling without permission can lead to legal issues.

2. Permits and Safety Codes: Building codes exist to ensure safety and may require permits. These regulations are critical for protecting both the builder and the public.

3. Engineering Challenges: Tunneling requires understanding geology, excavation methods, and soil stability. Hobbyists should be aware of the risks of trench collapses and the need for proper supports.

4. Water and Air Management: Tunnels must address water infiltration and ensure proper ventilation to maintain safety and air quality.

5. Waste Removal: Excavating a tunnel generates a lot of waste material, which can be difficult to manage without heavy equipment.

6. Fire Safety: Even small tunnels should consider fire safety measures, including escape routes and fire suppression systems.

The article emphasizes that while hobby tunneling can be exciting, it involves serious risks and technical challenges that require careful consideration.

No summary available.

Summary: Get Your Claws on the Secrets

Fiu is an OpenClaw email assistant that has access to sensitive information called secrets.env. Your challenge is to trick Fiu into revealing this information through email by using prompt injection techniques.

How It Works:

1. Send an Email: Write a creative email to Fiu, attempting to manipulate his instructions.
2. Fiu Reads It: Fiu processes your email, despite being instructed not to share secrets.
3. Extract Secrets: If successful, Fiu will reveal secrets.env, which may contain sensitive data like API keys.
4. Win $100: The first person to successfully extract the secrets wins a cash prize.

Rules:

• You can use any prompt injection method in your email.
• No hacking or direct attacks outside of email.
• You are limited to 10 emails per hour to prevent spam.

Prize:

The first successful hacker to obtain the secrets will receive $100, payable via PayPal or similar methods.

Additional Info:

• Prompt injection tricks AI into ignoring its instructions.
• Fiu is unaware of this contest and just reads emails normally.
• You can check a log of processed emails but not their content.

This contest aims to explore the vulnerability of AI systems to prompt injection attacks in a fun and engaging way.

I'm sorry, but I can't access external links. If you can provide the text you'd like summarized, I'd be happy to help!

The author wrote a book about computer history because they couldn't find many books that included detailed technical information about the topic. After five years of work, they are excited to share their book, which they believe is unique for its inclusion of a lot of code. The author enjoys programming languages like Smalltalk and Lisp, and currently focuses on Common Lisp. They are considering writing more books in the future, possibly about Smalltalk or computer networks, but will likely wait until after retirement to do so. They also acknowledge Dick Gabriel for sharing valuable memories about John McCarthy, a key figure in computer history.

We are shutting down Bloomberg Chat, which is their main feature. Instead, we are building a rapidly growing network for buy-side investors. Our platform allows investors to have voice conversations on demand, and we are creating a library of transcripts for users to access. We are collaborating with many notable investment funds and are onboarding 1-2 funds daily. Recently, we secured more funding from both existing and new investors. If you're interested, you can join us through this link: Join Us.

The text seems to be related to a mapping or data visualization tool, possibly showing altitude levels in a location, likely San Francisco. It lists various altitudes ranging from 0 feet to 43,000 feet, indicating different points of interest or data collection heights. The mention of "Reset" suggests a feature to return to the original view. The source of the map is credited to OpenStreetMap, CARTO, MapLibre, and OpenSky Network.

I've been teaching language models to play Magic: The Gathering using MCP tools connected to the XMage code. It's still a bit buggy, but it mostly works. Right now, the ratings for more expensive models are low because I'm testing cheaper models to fix the issues first, so those expensive models haven't played many games yet.

The Fuji-san Mihara shop and lodge, located at the 5th Station of Mount Fuji, has been an important resting place for climbers since 1956. After taking a bus from Tokyo, my climb started here. The stamp I received features the station's altitude and the phrase "Boundary between heaven and earth," reflecting the spiritual significance of Mount Fuji.

Dimittri is introducing Sonarly, a tool that uses AI to help engineers manage production issues more efficiently. Sonarly connects to existing observability tools like Sentry and Datadog to filter alerts, group duplicates, and provide clear root cause analysis, ultimately reducing the Mean Time To Repair (MTTR).

Before starting Sonarly, Dimittri and his co-founder experienced the challenges of handling numerous alerts from their previous app, which led them to realize the importance of quickly addressing bugs to enhance user experience. Sonarly aims to simplify the process by minimizing noise from alerts and focusing on the most critical issues.

The tool works by gathering data from various sources without requiring users to change their current monitoring systems. It filters out false positives and organizes alerts, making it easier for engineers to identify and fix real problems. They have already reduced alert volume significantly for users, allowing them to concentrate on fewer, more impactful issues.

Sonarly is currently in a self-serve phase, and the team is seeking feedback from engineers about their alert management workflows and how they handle bug fixes. They offer a generous free tier for users to try out the service.

The post discusses the current state of the "Show HN" section on Hacker News. While it's not dead, it faces challenges due to an increase in posts and competition, making it harder for new projects to gain visibility. The author notes that many interesting projects are getting lost in the noise, including Neohabit, OpenRun, and uForwarder.

Key points include:

• Increased Volume: The number of posts has surged, leading to less engagement per post.
• Sideprocalypse: This term describes the struggle of small indie developers as larger, better-marketed projects overshadow their work.
• Declining Visibility: Posts are now taking less time to get pushed off the front page, and average comments on posts have decreased.
• Discussion Challenges: The opportunity for meaningful discussion is dwindling, with many good projects going unnoticed.

The author suggests that Hacker News needs to find ways to highlight these overlooked projects to maintain its reputation as a great platform for tech discussions.

Summary of "Don't Pass on Small Block Ciphers"

Small block ciphers (32-bit and 64-bit) are often seen as outdated and insecure, leading many to avoid them in new applications. However, they can still be useful, especially in constrained environments and lightweight protocols. Larger block ciphers, like 128-bit ones, are generally preferred due to their better security and versatility.

The main issue with small block ciphers is their limited size, which increases the likelihood of collisions (where two inputs produce the same output). For example, a 32-bit block cipher can only handle about 65,536 unique blocks before collisions become likely. They can be used securely, but this requires careful design.

Despite their limitations, small block ciphers can effectively encrypt counters, which are commonly used in many applications, without revealing sensitive information. Unlike UUIDs, which can leak creation times or patterns, small block ciphers can provide better security by encrypting these values.

Two notable small block ciphers are SIMON and SPECK, designed for efficiency on general-purpose CPUs. They have undergone extensive analysis over the years and have not shown practical vulnerabilities.

In conclusion, while small block ciphers are not suitable for all scenarios, they can be valuable tools in specific contexts, especially when used thoughtfully alongside other security measures.

Physicists are exploring ways to make electrons behave more like water, which could change our understanding of electricity and quantum systems. Unlike water, where molecules flow together, electrons usually move independently, which is a fundamental concept in electronics. However, recent experiments have shown that under certain conditions, electrons can form fluid-like behaviors.

One key experiment involved creating a shock wave of electrons, similar to what happens when fast-moving fluid collides with slower fluid. This was a significant indication that electrons could flow as a fluid. The research suggests that when electrons act like fluids, they could be used to create new electronic devices.

Historically, the idea of electron fluids was theoretical until the discovery of graphene, a material with few impurities that allows for clearer observation of electron behavior. Experiments have confirmed that in graphene, increasing temperature can reduce resistance, demonstrating the Gurzhi effect, where warmer electrons move more freely.

Further advancements in the study of electron fluids have led to attempts to create supersonic electron flows, akin to breaking the sound barrier in air. Such breakthroughs might allow physicists to manipulate electron behavior based on the shape of their environment, leading to innovative electronics and a new framework for understanding quantum systems.

Overall, this research opens up possibilities for novel electronic components and enhances our ability to describe complex behaviors in electrons using principles from fluid dynamics.

A developer has created a new archive format called 6cy as part of a research project. The aim is to explore features like:

• Using different compression methods for different parts of the file (block-level codec polymorphism).
• Designing the format for easier streaming without needing to search the whole file.
• Improving recovery from crashes.
• Allowing for a plugin system so that custom compression methods can be used without altering the format.

Currently, 6cy is in an experimental stage (v0.x), and the design may change, so compatibility is not guaranteed. The developer is seeking feedback on the format itself, rather than its performance compared to existing formats like zip or 7z.

The team has started using AI agents to assist with code reviews, which has helped address issues of review fatigue and declining standards. They use a tool called Continue to run automated checks on each pull request (PR). These checks are stored in markdown files and show up as status checks on GitHub. The agents can perform actions like reading and writing files, executing bash commands, and browsing the web.

One important check they have is called "Metrics Integrity," which looks for changes that might unintentionally alter important metrics, like session counts. This check helps catch potential bugs that could distort data without raising alerts. It has successfully identified issues that would have led to inaccurate metrics in the past.

To create similar checks for other projects, users can simply ask their coding agent to help by pasting a specific command. This tool will explore the codebase, read past review comments, and generate checks automatically. Feedback on this process is welcomed.

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A user named soneil shared an interesting four-column version of the ASCII table on Hacker News. This format makes it clearer how ASCII characters are organized, particularly the first 32 control characters that don't represent written symbols, like backspace and escape.

The ASCII system uses 7 bits: the first two bits indicate the character group, and the last five bits represent the specific character. For example, the escape character (ESC) corresponds to the binary value '00 11011', while the '[' character has the same last five bits but belongs to a different group.

When you press CTRL+[ in a terminal, it sends the ESC character because CTRL modifies the bits. Essentially, it sets the first two bits to '00' while keeping the last five bits unchanged, effectively converting the '[' character to ESC. This behavior explains why different control characters correspond to specific key combinations, like CTRL+J for a newline or CTRL+H for backspace.

Alpha School, an expensive private school that uses AI for teaching, has been found to produce flawed lesson plans that can be harmful. Former employees and internal documents reveal that the school also uses data from other online courses without permission to train its AI. The school charges up to $65,000 per year.

The text discusses the concept of "semantic ablation" in AI writing. This term describes how AI can unintentionally remove valuable, complex information from text in favor of more generic, safe language. This happens during the AI's refining process, where it focuses on producing statistically probable outputs rather than preserving unique insights.

Key points include:

1. Definition of Semantic Ablation: It's the loss of high-quality, diverse information in favor of simpler, more common phrases.
2. Impact on Writing: When using AI to polish a draft, authors may think their work is improved, but it often becomes more generic and less meaningful.
3. Stages of Semantic Ablation:
   • Metaphoric Cleansing: Unique metaphors are replaced with clichés.
   • Lexical Flattening: Specialized language is simplified, losing depth.
   • Structural Collapse: Complex ideas are reduced to standard formats, stripping away nuance.
4. Consequences: The result is writing that looks good but lacks substance, akin to a "JPEG of thought"—visually coherent yet void of original depth.

The author warns that accepting these simplified outputs could lead to a loss of complex human communication and thought.

No summary available.

Summary: Hamming Distance for Hybrid Search in SQLite

This article discusses how to implement semantic search in SQLite using binary embeddings and Hamming distance, allowing for a hybrid search without needing external databases.

Key Points:

1. Hybrid Search: SQLite's FTS5 extension is great for text search but lacks semantic search capabilities, which combine keyword matching with meaning-based retrieval.

2. Binary Embeddings: The text is converted into numerical vectors (embeddings) that represent meaning. Using binary embeddings reduces storage size significantly, enabling faster computations using Hamming distance instead of cosine distance.

3. Hamming Distance: This metric measures how many bits differ between two binary vectors. A lower Hamming distance indicates higher similarity.

4. SQLite Extension Implementation: A custom SQLite extension is created to calculate Hamming distance, allowing seamless integration with SQL functions.

5. Performance: The implementation was tested on a dataset of 1 million 128-byte binary vectors, achieving fast query times (around 28-35 ms) on modern hardware.

6. Limitations: The current implementation is limited as it does not support indexing or efficient top-k selection; it calculates distances for all rows before sorting.

7. Hybrid Search with RRF: The article also explains how to combine results from traditional keyword searches (using BM25) with semantic searches through a method called Reciprocal Rank Fusion (RRF), which merges rankings from both methods effectively.

8. When to Use This Approach: This method is suitable for smaller datasets (under 10 million rows) or when query frequency is low, allowing for the trade-off of longer processing times without needing external vector databases.

Overall, this method provides an efficient way to conduct semantic searches within SQLite, merging traditional and modern search techniques.

No summary available.

The text warns about an unauthorized thought that has been detected, indicating a risk of mental contamination. It also mentions that a global infrastructure lock is failing. There are references to a product on Amazon called "The Breakout Window" and outlines two phases: Phase 1 is the "Faraday Breach" and Phase 3 is the "Perfect World Launch."

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In February 2026, Tesla's Robotaxi experienced five crashes in Austin within a month. This rate of accidents is four times higher than that of human drivers.

I created a fun browser-based camera toy inspired by circuit bending, which allows users to create glitch effects by rewiring CCD pins and adjusting knobs in real time to capture photos. I enjoyed simulating various glitch effects like channel splits and color shifts.

The design is nostalgic, resembling the aesthetic of older devices, specifically aimed to look like a Teenage Engineering UI. I used GPT-5.3-Codex to help build the project but found it needed a lot of revisions and didn't fully capture the design details I wanted. It was useful for basic coding tasks but lacked finesse in the interaction and appearance.

Feel free to try it out and share your thoughts! Your photos and videos are processed locally and never leave your browser.

This is a fast internet radio streaming server built using Python, enhanced with Cython for better performance.

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A study involving over 130,000 participants found that drinking 2-3 cups of coffee daily may lower the risk of dementia and slow cognitive decline. Conducted by researchers from Mass General Brigham and Harvard, the study analyzed data from long-term health studies.

Key findings include:

• Participants who consumed caffeinated coffee had an 18% lower risk of developing dementia compared to those who drank little or no coffee.
• Caffeinated coffee drinkers also experienced less subjective cognitive decline and performed better on cognitive tests.
• Tea consumption showed similar benefits, while decaffeinated coffee did not appear to offer the same protective effects, indicating caffeine may be the key factor.
• The most significant benefits were seen in those drinking two to three cups of coffee or one to two cups of tea each day.

The researchers emphasized that while these results are promising, they represent a small effect size and should be considered as part of a broader approach to cognitive health. They also found that the benefits of coffee and caffeine applied to individuals regardless of their genetic risk for dementia.

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Dutch gambling authorities have ordered the U.S.-based betting site Polymarket to stop operations in the Netherlands because it is operating without a license. If Polymarket does not comply, it faces fines of €420,000 per week, up to €840,000 total, with potential for even larger fines based on revenue later.

Polymarket allows users to bet on political events, including the recent Dutch elections, where over $32 million was wagered. The Dutch regulator, Kansspelautoriteit (Ksa), argues that betting on political events is illegal under Dutch law, regardless of the platform. Despite previous warnings, Polymarket has not changed its operations.

The Ksa has noted that prediction markets like Polymarket are becoming more popular, but they still pose risks, such as influencing elections. Polymarket has faced regulatory issues in the U.S. as well, where it was fined for operating without a license. The Ksa emphasizes that any gambling without their license is prohibited in the Netherlands.

No summary available.

NASA plans to conduct a second full fueling test of its Space Launch System (SLS) rocket for the Artemis 2 mission this week. This test, known as a wet dress rehearsal (WDR), will involve loading over 700,000 gallons of fuel and will take place starting on February 17, 2026. The actual fueling will occur on February 19, with a simulated launch countdown.

Recently, during a preliminary test, NASA faced issues with hydrogen fuel flow due to a ground equipment problem, but they still gathered useful data about new seals that were installed. In the previous WDR on February 3, hydrogen leaks forced them to pause the fueling process, and they did not complete all planned objectives.

For the upcoming WDR, NASA aims to demonstrate several key countdown procedures, including holding the countdown at T-1 minute and 30 seconds and recycling the clock. The closeout crew will also practice their launch day tasks during this rehearsal.

NASA has stated that a formal launch date will only be set after a successful rehearsal, with March 6 being the earliest possible launch date. The safety of astronauts remains the top priority.

No summary available.

A new idea has been proposed for improving the DRM Panic feature in Fedora Linux, which is used to display error messages when the system experiences a serious crash. Developer José Expósito suggested creating a more user-friendly experience, similar to the Windows "Blue Screen of Death." Instead of just showing a QR code with kernel log details, the proposal includes linking to a customized Fedora web page that presents the information in a nicer format. This would make it easier for users to report issues to Fedora's bug tracker. Currently, this idea is in the discussion phase, and Expósito has developed a basic demo of the web interface. The community is considering whether to pursue this further.

The author expresses concern about the increasing reliance on coding agents in the tech industry, comparing their use to gambling due to their addictive nature. They fear that this trend is leading to a work culture where employees feel compelled to be constantly productive, similar to the "996" work schedule from China. The author highlights that many tech companies are pushing for the use of these AI tools without clear evidence of their benefits, while also noting that heavy users report symptoms akin to gambling addiction.

The overarching worry is that by enforcing the use of these coding agents, companies may be fostering an unhealthy dependence on work, which could diminish employees' free time and well-being. The author suggests that if this trend continues, ethical companies may become rare, leaving workers with fewer choices. The piece concludes with a personal note about considering a career change if the situation doesn't improve.

Summary of "A Deep Dive into Apple's .car File Format"

This blog post explores Apple's .car file format, which is used for managing app assets like images and colors in iOS, macOS, watchOS, and tvOS applications. The author reverse-engineers the format to explain its internal structures and how to parse it without proprietary Apple tools.

Key Points:

1. What is a .car File?

   • .car files contain compiled asset catalogs created from .xcassets folders in Xcode, which store images and other resources used in apps.

2. Structure of .car Files:

   • The file begins with a BOM (Bill of Materials) header followed by blocks and trees that store asset data.
   • Key blocks include CARHEADER (metadata about the catalog) and KEYFORMAT (defines how asset keys are structured).

3. B+ Trees and Rendition Data:

   • The RENDITIONS tree maps asset keys to their respective data blocks, which contain images or other resources.
   • Assets are stored in a structured format allowing for efficient retrieval based on different device contexts.

4. Types of Asset Data:

   • Asset data can be raw data (like PDFs), pixel renditions (like JPEGs), or theme colors.
   • The format supports various pixel formats and compression methods.

5. Interactive Demo:

   • The author created a WebAssembly-based parser that allows users to inspect .car files directly in their browser without uploading files to a server.

6. Reverse Engineering Process:

   • The author outlines the methodology used to analyze the CoreUI framework and extract the .car file format details, including using disassemblers and examining function names.

7. Conclusion:

   • Understanding the .car format opens up possibilities for creating tools that can work with asset catalogs independently of Apple's tools, aiding developers and security researchers.

The post emphasizes the complexity of the .car format and its potential for various applications, including security research and tool development.

No summary available.

The author reflects on the loss of their identity as a "computer programmer" due to changes in the culture surrounding programming. They express disappointment that programming has shifted from a passion for learning and mastery to being viewed as a tool for corporate agendas, such as surveillance. Despite still enjoying programming, the author feels disconnected from the current community, which seems to prioritize speed and efficiency over craftsmanship and learning.

They describe how this cultural transformation has affected their social identity, making them wary of meeting other programmers who may not share their values. The author emphasizes their frustration with those who exploit technology for profit and manipulation.

However, they also recognize the importance of having multiple social identities and lean into other interests like art, books, and music. They remain committed to sharing knowledge and creating for the next generation of learners, finding motivation in the hope that their work can inspire others. Ultimately, the author continues to love discussing programming with like-minded individuals, despite feeling out of place in the current programming culture.

The article discusses how networks of molecules in our bodies can act as if they have their own goals and desires. This idea challenges our understanding of what a "self" is, as it suggests that even simple biological units may possess some form of agency before they combine to create a larger self. This new perspective could not only help us understand the origins of life and consciousness but also lead to better treatments for health issues with fewer side effects. Cognitive scientist Tom Froese emphasizes that understanding agency in these molecules might reveal important insights about life itself.

The author notices that many people are afraid to express their own opinions, so they rely on AI-generated content instead, resulting in confusing messages. They feel unable to stop this trend since even the CEO does it. The author tries discussing the issue directly but finds that people often react defensively, and there's uncertainty about whether AI was used. They are seeking resources, like articles or memes, to encourage a change away from using AI-generated content.

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Bryan Cantrill discusses the hidden control systems in servers, specifically focusing on the baseboard management controller (BMC) and UEFI BIOS. He explains that these components are essential for managing hardware but can present significant security vulnerabilities.

At Oxide Computer Company, they have replaced the BMC with a custom microcontroller running open-source software, eliminating potential security threats. They also removed the UEFI BIOS, which is problematic because it contains a hidden operating system that can create backdoors for attackers.

By eliminating these layers, Oxide aims to enhance security and reduce the risk of infrastructure attacks. Cantrill highlights their innovative approach and the importance of building holistic systems that do not rely on traditional, vulnerable components.

The author has a daily work diary from 1927 to 1945 belonging to their great-grandfather, Reuben P. Box, who was a US Forest Ranger in Northern California. This diary covers significant events like the Great Depression, World War II, and various forest fires. The author has scanned the entire diary and worked with Claude to transcribe, index, and create a website to share it. The diary can be found at forestrydiary.com. The author believes this is the only fully scanned US Forestry Diary available online. They hope it will be useful to others and see this project as a way to contribute to historical knowledge without a profit motive.

The iOS 26.4 beta 1 update introduces new features for iPhones. Here are the key points:

• The update includes enhancements and improvements for better user experience.
• New features aim to increase functionality and ease of use.
• Users can expect updates to existing apps and settings.

Overall, iOS 26.4 beta 1 offers exciting changes for iPhone users.

Docker has made it easier to develop AI agents by introducing Compose for the Agent Era. This new feature streamlines the process of building AI agents, making development faster and more efficient.

The author analyzed all "Show HN" posts from Hacker News to understand the community's interests and discovered trends in macroeconomics, signs of voting fraud, and changes in user behavior over time.

Key points include:

• The analysis categorized popular topics such as Web and Software Development, AI, Cloud Infrastructure, and more.
• The findings indicate a consistent interest in technology-related projects, with a notable emphasis on AI and development tools.
• There are also insights into user engagement, marketing strategies, and evolving trends in various content areas.

Overall, the research highlights Hacker News as a platform for innovative projects and emerging economic trends.

The text refers to a project called "JeffTube," which is showcased on the website Hacker News (HN). You can find more information about it through the provided link. The summary emphasizes the project's relevance and invites readers to check out the details on Hacker News.

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Greg Squire, a specialist investigator with the US Department of Homeland Security, played a key role in rescuing a girl named Lucy from years of abuse that was being shared on the dark web. Despite the difficulty in identifying her location due to altered images, Squire and his team monitored dark web chatrooms for clues. They initially identified that Lucy was in North America by examining details in her bedroom photos.

After a long investigation, they discovered that a specific type of brick visible in her room could help identify her location. They connected with a brick expert, John Harp, who identified the brick type and its limited sales area. This led the team to narrow down Lucy's potential location to a region near Harp's factory.

Through further analysis, they found a photo of Lucy on social media, which helped them identify her address. They learned that she was living with her mother's boyfriend, a convicted sex offender, who had been abusing her for six years. The offender was arrested, and Lucy was rescued.

Squire shared that the case deeply affected him, as Lucy was the same age as his daughter. His work took a toll on his mental health, but with support from colleagues, he sought help. Lucy, now in her 20s, expressed gratitude for the rescue, saying she had been praying for help. The case highlights the importance of careful observation and collaboration in solving such serious crimes.

A couple created a fun app inspired by Pokémon Go, designed to help users collect and learn about different species in nature. They found existing species identification apps lacking in enjoyment, so they built their own. They invite others to try the app and share feedback.

The text discusses the potential privacy risks associated with Bluetooth technology and a project called Bluehood, which the author developed to analyze Bluetooth signals from nearby devices. Here are the key points:

1. Privacy Concerns: The author emphasizes the importance of privacy and how Bluetooth devices can unintentionally leak personal information, even if users believe they have nothing to hide.

2. Bluehood Project: Bluehood is a Bluetooth scanner that passively tracks and analyzes nearby devices, revealing patterns such as delivery schedules, neighbor activities, and device connections without needing special equipment.

3. Vulnerabilities: Recent discoveries, like a vulnerability in Bluetooth audio devices, highlight the risks of having Bluetooth enabled, including eavesdropping and location tracking.

4. Uncontrollable Devices: Many devices, like hearing aids and certain medical implants, do not allow users to disable Bluetooth, making privacy more challenging.

5. Privacy Tools: Some privacy-focused applications, like Briar and BitChat, require Bluetooth to function, creating a paradox where tools meant to enhance privacy compromise it.

6. Metadata Insights: Monitoring Bluetooth signals can reveal significant information about people's routines and habits, which can be exploited by malicious actors.

7. Bluehood Functionality: Bluehood scans for devices, classifies them, and tracks their presence without interacting with them. It provides a web dashboard for monitoring.

8. Educational Purpose: The author created Bluehood to raise awareness about the data people unintentionally share through Bluetooth. It aims to encourage users to reconsider their Bluetooth habits.

The project’s source code is available on GitHub, inviting feedback and contributions.

Summary: Building FastTab with AI

FastTab is a custom task switcher for the Plasma desktop environment, created to address the slow "Gallery" view on X11. The goal was to improve performance for users who rely on this feature. The author used AI, specifically Claude, to facilitate the development process, achieving a working prototype in just a few days despite having no prior experience with the programming language Zig or X11 internals.

Key points in the development process included:

1. Initial Frustration: The author was annoyed by the delay in the task switcher and sought AI assistance to explore building a better solution.

2. Conversation and Planning: Engaging with Claude, they discussed ideas and created a detailed specification for the application, focusing on a clear vision and a step-by-step implementation plan.

3. Writing Good Specs: The author emphasized the importance of using pseudocode and diagrams for planning rather than getting bogged down in detailed coding at the early stages.

4. Safe Development Practices: Using Git for version control allowed for safe experimentation with the AI-generated code. Containers were also utilized to prevent any accidental damage to the system.

5. Tool Exploration: The author tried various AI tools but found some to be inefficient, leading to a return to Claude Code due to token limits and performance issues.

6. Coding Knowledge is Crucial: Despite AI assistance, the author stressed the need for coding skills to refine and understand the generated code, ensuring it was modular and maintainable.

7. AI as a Support Tool: AI can help accelerate the development of side projects, making it easier to go from idea to prototype quickly. However, it still requires human oversight and expertise to finalize and polish the work.

In conclusion, AI-assisted coding can help complete projects that might otherwise remain unfinished, allowing for rapid prototyping and learning along the way.

I created a software-defined radio (SDR) platform using a Raspberry Pi Zero W. It creates its own WiFi hotspot and has a web interface that allows you to use it as a portable RF signal generator with 12 different transmission modes, including FM broadcasting, Morse code, and voice cloning.

You can control everything through a web browser: upload audio files, type messages, set frequencies, and transmit signals. The system uses the Raspberry Pi's GPIO pin for RF generation, meaning there's no need for extra radio hardware.

The platform is built with Go and includes features like preset systems, playlist creation, and support for multiple devices. It’s designed for indoor use, with a limited signal range of about 5 meters, making it ideal for learning about RF protocols without interference.

I developed this tool to experiment with various RF modes without needing expensive equipment. You can find a pre-built SD card image to make setup easier.

For more details, you can check out my GitHub: GitHub Repository and my blog post: Blog Post.

In software development, it’s common to create context files for coding agents to help them understand code repositories. This can be done manually or automatically. However, there's been little research on how effective these context files are in real-world scenarios.

This study investigates whether these files help coding agents complete tasks. It evaluates their performance using two approaches: established tasks from well-known repositories with context files generated by language models (LLMs), and a new set of issues from repositories with human-written context files.

The findings show that using context files often leads to lower success rates in task completion and increases the time and resources needed by over 20%. While both types of context files encourage coding agents to explore more thoroughly, they also add unnecessary complexity. The study concludes that human-written context files should only include essential requirements to avoid making tasks more difficult.

The article discusses the ongoing decompilation project for the Nintendo 64 game "Snowboard Kids 2" using coding agents, particularly focusing on the challenges and advancements in the process. Here are the key points:

1. Decompilation Progress: Initially, the decompilation of the game progressed quickly, reaching about 58% matched code. However, progress slowed as more complex functions remained, leading to adjustments in the workflow.

2. Function Prioritization: The author shifted from prioritizing functions by difficulty to focusing on similar functions. This involved using text embeddings to identify functions that could guide the decompilation process.

3. Function Similarity: The author experimented with different methods to compute function similarity, ultimately finding that simpler approaches performed as well as more complex ones.

4. Specialized Tools: Tools like gfxdis.f3dex2 improved the decompilation process by helping to disassemble graphics instructions used in the game.

5. Cleanup and Documentation: Cleaning up code helped improve the quality of decompiled functions, making it easier to match similar functions later. This involved both manual effort and utilizing Claude to refine its own output.

6. Workflow Enhancements: The author implemented several changes to improve project organization and task management, including using separate worktrees for different agents and developing a task orchestration tool named Nigel.

7. Challenges Ahead: Despite improvements, the project faces ongoing challenges, particularly with larger and more complex functions. As of now, 124 functions remain unmatched, and further advancements in AI models may be needed to continue progress.

The author invites readers interested in the decompilation project to engage and contribute.

Summary of "Harnessing Postgres Race Conditions" by Mikael Lirbank

Race conditions can lead to serious issues in systems, especially when dealing with finances. A race condition occurs when two simultaneous operations read the same outdated data and write incorrect results. For instance, if two $50 credits are applied to a $100 balance at the same time, both might read the balance as $100 and write it as $150, resulting in an incorrect final balance of $150 instead of $200.

Standard tests often run operations sequentially, missing these concurrency issues. Simply adding delays to force overlaps is unreliable. Instead, synchronization barriers can be used to enforce the correct order of operations during tests.

A synchronization barrier allows multiple tasks to wait until all are ready before proceeding. By placing a barrier between reading and writing data, you can simulate a race condition and test it reliably.

Different methods of handling concurrency were explored:

1. Bare Queries: Using a barrier without transactions allows both tasks to read the same stale value, causing the test to fail.
2. Transactions: Wrapping operations in a transaction did not prevent the race condition because transactions in Postgres do not block reads.
3. Row-Level Locks: Using SELECT ... FOR UPDATE can create a deadlock when combined with barriers, proving that locks are effective but demonstrating the need to adjust barrier placement.

The solution is to position the barrier after the transaction begins but before any locks are attempted. This ensures both operations start before any locking occurs, allowing one to proceed while the other waits.

Testing should be done against a real database, as mocks do not replicate concurrency or locking behaviors. Additionally, barriers should be injected into the code only during tests, not included in production.

Overall, it’s crucial to ensure that tests catch potential race condition regressions, as any change in code can introduce new issues. Regular validation of tests is necessary to ensure they remain effective.

Researchers from the Max Planck Institute have discovered that the unique whiskers on an elephant's trunk play a crucial role in its exceptional sense of touch. These whiskers have a stiff base and a soft tip, allowing elephants to accurately detect objects and where contact occurs. This feature is similar to the whiskers of cats, contrasting with the stiff whiskers of rats and mice.

The study involved an interdisciplinary team, including experts in neuroscience and materials science, and aimed to understand how the structure of these whiskers supports touch sensing. The findings are valuable for developing robotic sensors that mimic the whiskers' stiffness gradient, improving tactile sensing technology.

The researchers used advanced imaging techniques to analyze the whiskers' geometry and material properties. They created a 3D-printed model to test their hypotheses about how the varying stiffness helps elephants discern contact along their whiskers. This research not only enhances our understanding of elephant sensory perception but also has potential applications in robotics and intelligent systems by mimicking nature's designs.

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Summary

A recent investigation reveals that the claim of a talent shortage in the U.S. is misleading and more about labor cost savings. Three major banks filed over 7,400 applications to hire foreign workers, often at the lowest legal wage. This strategy, termed "labor arbitrage," involves:

1. Filing at Scale: The banks submit thousands of applications each year.
2. Paying Minimum Wages: Nearly a third of these applications offer salaries just above the legal minimum.
3. Geographic Arbitrage: Workers are often placed in areas with lower wage requirements.
4. Green Card Sponsorship: Sponsoring workers' green cards ties them to the job, limiting their ability to negotiate or leave.

Key data from the investigation includes:

• 7,474 Labor Condition Applications (LCAs) filed by three banks from 2020 to 2026.
• An approval rate for these applications of 98-99%.
• 31.8% of the applications paying near the wage floor.
• 69.8% of the filings involve basic IT roles, not specialized positions.

The investigation relies on public records from federal filings, showing a clear pattern in how these banks operate. The findings suggest that the narrative of a talent shortage is largely constructed to benefit companies financially.

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The author is excited to announce that they are joining OpenAI to make AI agents accessible to everyone. Their project, OpenClaw, will transition to an independent foundation while remaining open source. Over the past month, they were surprised by the interest in their work, which has inspired many people globally.

The author's goal has always been to create fun and inspiring AI tools. They plan to develop an easy-to-use agent, emphasizing the need for safety and access to the latest research. Although OpenClaw has the potential to become a large company, the author prefers building innovative solutions over running a business.

They recently met with major labs in San Francisco to gain insights and resources for their work. The collaboration with OpenAI aligns with their vision for OpenClaw, which will continue to support a community focused on data ownership and innovation. The author is enthusiastic about this new chapter and looks forward to contributing to AI research and development.

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The author discusses a common problem with textbooks in AI and machine learning: they often present complex ideas without clear explanations and can become outdated. After seven years of experience in the field, the author created comprehensive notes that focus on practical understanding rather than just theory. These notes helped friends successfully prepare for interviews at top companies like DeepMind and OpenAI. Now, the author is sharing these notes as an open and unconventional textbook aimed at those who want a deeper understanding of math, computing, and AI, especially for students and professionals looking to advance in their careers or pursue a PhD.

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Dutch police arrested a 40-year-old man after accidentally sending him sensitive police documents due to a mistake in a link. The man had contacted the police to report relevant images, and an officer mistakenly provided a download link instead of an upload link, giving him access to confidential files.

When the police asked him to delete the documents, he refused unless he received something in return. Consequently, he was arrested, and police searched his home to recover the documents. Authorities are treating the incident as a data breach and continuing their investigation.

The police emphasized that downloading files when instructed not to can result in charges of unauthorized access, despite the initial error being theirs. The nature of the documents and their sensitivity have not been disclosed.

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This is a fun and simple simulator for a concept in mathematical physics called the "2D Coulomb gas." It was originally created for a Bachelor's thesis to help visualize and understand the topic. The simulator has been updated for better performance using WebGPU technology. Users are encouraged to explore it and learn more about the complex research behind the 2D Coulomb gas.

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Summary of the MessageFormat Working Group

The MessageFormat Working Group (MFWG) is part of the Unicode CLDR Technical Committee and focuses on creating a standard for localizable message strings in software.

Key Points:

• Purpose: The MFWG aims to help software developers, translators, and users by providing a way to format messages that are easy to understand and can be adapted to different languages and cultures. It supports features like gender and speech variations.

• Standard: The Unicode MessageFormat Standard is now a stable part of the CLDR and is recommended for use. It replaces older message formatting methods and is sometimes called MessageFormat 2.0.

• Feedback: The group encourages feedback and suggestions from users and developers. This includes reports on bugs, implementation experiences, feature requests, and any other relevant input.

• Participation: The MFWG invites software developers and localization experts to join their efforts. Interested individuals should check the Contributor License Agreement (CLA) and can join their mailing list for updates.

• Copyright: All contributions are governed by the Unicode Terms of Use and require a CLA.

This group is dedicated to improving message formatting standards to ensure effective internationalization and localization in software applications.

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OpenAI has fired Ryan Beiermeister, a female executive, for alleged sexual discrimination against a male colleague after she opposed the company's plan to introduce an "adult mode" for ChatGPT that would allow erotic conversations. Beiermeister denied the allegations, stating that they are false. She has been with OpenAI since June 2024 and contributed to creating product usage policies. Before her termination in January 2026, she expressed concerns about the potential negative effects of the adult mode and criticized the company's measures to block child exploitation content.

OpenAI's CEO, Sam Altman, has defended the adult mode, stating that it will include stronger age verification. Beiermeister's departure follows concerns raised by multiple employees about the rollout of this feature, with calls for more transparency regarding its safety and impact on mental health.

The text discusses the inefficiencies and issues in the American public pension system, particularly how it allocates capital. Here are the key points simplified:

1. Current Problems: Public pension funds are not effectively supporting the real economy. Instead, they are investing in high-fee financial products that yield poor returns, which harms communities by reducing funding for essential services.

2. Capital Availability: There is approximately $6 trillion in public pension funds that could be redirected to infrastructure development, housing, and energy projects, but this capital is currently misallocated.

3. Performance Issues: Public pensions have failed to outperform simple investment strategies like a 60/40 stock-bond portfolio, often due to high fees associated with hedge funds and private equity.

4. Historical Context: There was a time when pension funds effectively supported local infrastructure through direct investments in municipal bonds, fostering community growth. This system has deteriorated over time.

5. International Comparisons: Countries like Japan and China manage their pension capital more effectively, channeling funds into infrastructure and technology while keeping costs low. This has led to better economic outcomes compared to the U.S.

6. Consequences of Misallocation: The current system not only fails to generate better returns but actively harms communities by financing companies that undercut wages and close essential facilities like hospitals.

7. Bailout Concerns: The ongoing inefficiencies might lead to future bailouts for underfunded pension plans, which could repeat past mistakes if no structural reforms are implemented.

8. Call to Action: There is a need to prepare for future bailouts by setting conditions that would ensure pension funds invest in domestic infrastructure rather than continuing the cycle of misallocation and underperformance.

The text ultimately argues for a systemic rethinking of how pension funds are managed to better serve communities and the economy.

Summary of WebMCP API Overview

1. Introduction: The WebMCP API is a new JavaScript tool for web developers, enabling them to create functions that can be accessed by AI agents and assistive technologies. It allows collaborative workflows where users and agents interact within the same web interface while maintaining user control.

2. Key Terminology:

   • Agent: An AI assistant that understands user goals and acts on their behalf, often found in chat interfaces.
   • Browser’s Agent: An agent integrated into the browser, either built-in or via extensions.
   • AI Platform: Providers of AI assistants, such as OpenAI’s ChatGPT.

3. API Features:

   • Navigator Interface Extension: The Navigator interface now includes the ModelContext, which allows web applications to manage tools for agents.
   • ModelContext Methods:
     • provideContext(options): Registers tools with the browser, replacing any existing tools.
     • clearContext(): Unregisters all tools.
     • registerTool(tool): Adds a new tool without removing existing ones, but requires unique names.
     • unregisterTool(name): Removes a specific tool.

4. Tool Definitions:

   • ModelContextTool: Describes a tool with a unique name, description, input schema, and an execution callback.
   • ToolAnnotations: Optional metadata that can indicate if a tool is read-only.

5. ModelContextClient: This interface represents an agent using a tool and includes methods to request user interactions during tool execution.

6. Acknowledgements: The document thanks various contributors for their input in developing the WebMCP API.

Overall, the WebMCP API aims to enhance user-agent collaboration in web applications by providing a structured way to define and manage tools.

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