The U.S. government is considering a policy that could ban the import of new consumer routers, prompting the idea of creating your own router using old hardware. Almost any device that runs Linux can be turned into a router, such as mini-PCs, old laptops, or even desktop computers.

Key Points:

• Hardware Requirements: You need a device with Linux, two Ethernet ports (or a USB-Ethernet adapter), and some basic computing power. Simple setups can work, like using old parts.
• Software Setup: The router can be set up using a standard Linux distribution like Debian, with minimal extra software like dnsmasq for DNS and DHCP, and hostapd for Wi-Fi.
• Configuration: The device will have a WAN (internet) and LAN (local network) setup, allowing wired and wireless devices to communicate.
• Firewall and Security: Use nftables for managing firewall rules, which can help protect your network.
• Additional Features: Once the basic setup is running, you can add features like logging, VLANs, VPN access, and more.

This DIY approach not only recycles old tech but also gives you a customizable router solution using free software. It’s an interesting way to enhance the capabilities of hardware you already own.

A recent article discusses the intelligence of birds, highlighting a clever kea parrot in New Zealand that learned to move traffic cones to stop cars for food. This incident led to a deeper exploration of how bird intelligence is measured.

Key points include:

1. Bird Intelligence: Various tests measure bird intelligence, including:

   • Mirror Test: Recognizing oneself in a mirror.
   • Aesop's Fable Test: Solving problems like raising water levels to access food.
   • Delayed Gratification Test: Choosing a better reward later over an immediate one.
   • Vocal Communication: Some birds have advanced language skills.
   • Spatial Memory: Some birds can remember thousands of food storage locations.

2. Neuron Density: Birds like crows and parrots have a high number of neurons in their brains relative to their size, suggesting they have substantial cognitive abilities that rival some mammals.

3. Smartest Birds: Corvids (like crows and ravens) are considered the smartest for their tool use and problem-solving skills, while parrots excel in communication and social understanding.

4. Misconceptions: The idea that larger brains mean higher intelligence is challenged; it's more about neuron density and brain structure.

5. Humor: The article humorously notes that tax dollars went to creating "kea gyms" to keep these intelligent birds entertained.

Overall, the article emphasizes that calling someone a "bird brain" is actually a compliment, as many birds exhibit impressive intelligence.

Summary: Don't Let AI Write For You

When writing a document, you're essentially asking and answering questions about what to build and how to do it. However, with the rise of AI-generated texts, there's a concern that we might miss out on valuable thinking and building trust in our work.

Writing should enhance your understanding and help others do the same. It’s a process of exploring complex ideas and gaining clarity, much like exercising to become stronger. Relying on AI to write for you is akin to outsourcing your workouts.

Using AI-generated writing can damage your credibility. If your work seems AI-produced, it may suggest you haven't engaged deeply with the ideas, undermining your authenticity and leadership potential.

While AI can assist with research and brainstorming, it’s essential to use it wisely. It can help you generate ideas quickly, but the key is to remain thoughtful and engaged in your writing process to truly benefit from these tools.

The article discusses the extensive surveillance capabilities of various government apps, collectively termed "Fedware." Here are the key points:

1. Government Apps as Spyware: Many federal apps, including those from the White House, FBI, FEMA, and ICE, request numerous permissions that allow them to track users and collect personal data.

2. Specific App Concerns:

   • White House App: Requests precise GPS, biometric data, and has embedded trackers, including one from a sanctioned Chinese company.
   • FBI Dashboard: Contains trackers (including ad-serving ones) and requests permissions that allow access to a user's phone identity.
   • FEMA App: Overly complex permissions for simple weather alerts, indicating potential overreach.
   • Mobile Fortify: A facial recognition app used by ICE that collects biometric data from a vast database.
   • SmartLINK: An ICE monitoring app that collects extensive personal data under a broad contract.

3. Data Sharing and Privacy Issues: The IRS shared confidential tax data with ICE, which led to a scandal and resignations. A federal judge halted further sharing, but systemic privacy issues persist.

4. Location Data Acquisition: The government buys location data from private companies, circumventing legal requirements for warrants, raising concerns about privacy violations, especially targeting specific communities.

5. Lack of Oversight: A significant percentage of recommendations for privacy and security improvements have gone unimplemented, indicating a failure of oversight.

Overall, the article highlights the alarming extent of surveillance facilitated by government apps and the potential violations of user privacy that stem from these practices.

Cherri Overview

Cherri is a programming language designed for creating and managing large Shortcut projects easily. It compiles into runnable Shortcuts and is user-friendly, making it suitable for both beginners and experienced developers.

Key Features:

• Development Platforms: Works on laptops/desktops with a command-line interface, VSCode extension, and a macOS app.
• Easy Learning Curve: Similar syntax to other programming languages, making it accessible.
• Debugging: Direct translation to Shortcut actions for easier debugging.
• Built-in Actions: Many actions and types are pre-written in the language.
• Import Actions: Ability to import actions directly on macOS.
• Package Management: Includes a built-in package manager for easy updates and additions.
• Simplified Syntax: Uses constants instead of complex variable syntax.
• Efficiency: Optimized for smaller Shortcuts and reduced memory use.
• File Management: Supports including files for larger projects and defining functions to minimize duplication.
• Manual Entry: Allows for manual input of action identifiers and parameters.
• Additional Features: Includes generating VCards, embedding files, and type system support.

Resources:

• Cherri can be installed via Homebrew or Nix.
• Offers a VSCode extension, a playground for experimentation, and comprehensive documentation.

Community and Development: Cherri aims to revitalize interest in Shortcut programming languages and is inspired by various programming languages. It started development on October 5, 2022, and is named after a previous update called "Cherries."

Summary: Seeing Radioactivity Experiment

Atoms are extremely small, making it impossible to see them directly. However, we can observe the effects of nuclear reactions. Heavy elements like uranium decay and emit alpha particles, which can create a visible flash of light.

In this experiment, an alpha source, such as americium from a smoke detector, is used along with a scintillation screen coated with zinc sulfide. When alpha particles hit the screen, they produce light. A magnifying glass helps focus this light into the eye.

To see the faint glow, the experiment is conducted in complete darkness, allowing the eyes to adjust. After a few minutes, the glow can be seen as thousands of tiny sparks, each representing light from a single atom’s reaction.

Key points:

• Alpha particles emit energy that can create visible light.
• A scintillation screen is used to detect this light.
• Experiments should be done with caution, as radioactive materials can be harmful if ingested.
• For easier observation, a pre-assembled spinthariscope can be purchased.

Overall, this experiment reveals the fascinating effects of radioactivity in a simple and visual way.

Sure! Please provide the text you'd like me to summarize.

We have created an API and trained models that can identify fixtures, extract schedules, and analyze construction documents. You can find more examples and details on our main website.

• Visit our API documentation: API Documentation
• Explore our main site: Main Website

We built this to improve how construction drawings are handled. For more information on our motivations, check out our changelog: Changelog.

Summary of build123d

build123d is a Python-based framework for creating 2D and 3D CAD models, built on the Open Cascade geometric kernel. It is designed for precision modeling suitable for manufacturing processes like 3D printing and CNC machining.

Key Features:

• Supports minimal internal state for better performance.
• Provides clear geometry classes for 1D, 2D, and 3D shapes.
• Offers extensibility through subclassing without complex workarounds.
• Complies with coding standards and includes rich type hints.
• Integrates deeply with Python, making operations intuitive and algebraic.
• Can export models to popular CAD formats like FreeCAD and SolidWorks.

Usage Overview:

• Users typically import all necessary components using from build123d import *.
• Create 1D shapes (lines, edges) and build upon them to form 2D shapes (faces, sketches).
• Advance to 3D shapes (solids) through operations like extrusion.
• Utilize selectors to manipulate and filter shapes based on properties.

Modes of Operation:

• Algebra Mode: Stateless design using algebraic operators to track objects.
• Builder Mode: Tracks design history, allowing for more structured operations and transformations.

Extensibility: Users can create new parametric objects for reuse by extending base classes.

Data Interchange: Supports importing and exporting various file formats for compatibility with other design tools.

Installation: Recommended to install via pip (e.g., pip install build123d). For the latest features, users can install from the development branch.

Contributing: The project welcomes contributions, whether through reporting issues or adding features.

License: Licensed under the Apache License 2.0.

For more examples and detailed tutorials, users can check the documentation.

In autumn 1800, William Blake, a 43-year-old artist, moved from London to Sussex for a fresh start with his wife, Catherine. They packed their belongings, including Blake's printing press and unsold prints, leaving behind the chaos of London.

Blake's arrival in the quiet village of Felpham shocked the locals, as he brought with him ideas of revolution and creativity. He was invited by William Hayley, a poet, to illustrate his work, but Blake's artistic spirit was at odds with the more conventional society of the village.

The couple settled into a simple cottage near the sea, which Blake found inspiring. He expressed his joy in the beauty of nature and the sea, which he saw as a source of energy and creativity. During this time, he felt spiritually rejuvenated and began to write his poem "Milton," filled with visions of love and nature.

However, Blake also grappled with the effects of the Industrial Revolution, viewing it as destructive to art and humanity. He and his contemporaries, like Coleridge and Keats, lamented how science and industry threatened the imaginative vision and the natural world.

Blake's work reflected his concerns about the loss of creativity and the rise of machines, which he believed dehumanized people. He defended artistic vision against the constraints of rationality imposed by figures like Newton. Ultimately, Blake's time in Felpham was a blend of personal renewal and deep reflection on the changing world around him.

Summary: Taking Better Notes by Hand

Researching topics can be challenging, requiring careful thought and organization. There are various ways to take notes, but the author prefers a four-part system ranked by importance:

1. Pinboard: For links to PDFs and webpages with full-text search.
2. Books.app: An app for organizing PDFs.
3. Book Tracker: An app for saving quotes using OCR.
4. Paper notebooks: The most useful method, as writing by hand aids memory and engagement.

The author emphasizes the benefits of using paper notebooks, including reduced distractions and tangible progress. To improve note-taking, key strategies include:

• Dating every page and entry: This helps in organizing thoughts.
• Numbering pages and creating an index: This makes it easy to locate information later.
• Writing only on the right pages: Notes go on the right, while thoughts or references can be added in pencil on the left page.

This informal system allows the author to keep different notebooks for various purposes, making it easier to find and recall information. Overall, the approach enhances understanding and retention of research material.

The article discusses the ongoing effort to make mathematics more rigorous through formalization, particularly using a computer program called Lean. Historically, mathematicians have aimed for rigor since ancient Greece, but early proofs often contained hidden assumptions. Over time, formalization has increased trust in mathematics and led to new discoveries, but it has also raised concerns about creativity and diversity in mathematical approaches.

Lean allows mathematicians to write proofs in a formal language that computers can verify, helping to ensure every logical step is correct. While it has verified over 260,000 theorems, some mathematicians worry that this focus on formalization could limit the types of questions explored in mathematics, similar to the impact of the Bourbaki school, which prioritized abstraction and rigor but sidelined more intuitive approaches.

The article highlights the tension between creativity and rigor, suggesting that while formalization can enhance clarity, it might also homogenize mathematical practices and restrict conceptual diversity. As mathematicians adopt Lean, there are concerns about whether it might skew research interests toward easily formalizable ideas, potentially stifling creativity and innovation in the field.

The article discusses how the electronic spreadsheet, particularly Microsoft Excel, has transformed American business and economic practices. While spreadsheets are widely used, they are often not loved, yet their impact is profound.

Before spreadsheets, company management was limited by the slow and labor-intensive methods of processing information, resulting in small, local businesses. The invention of the electronic spreadsheet by Dan Bricklin and Bob Frankston in the late 1970s revolutionized this by allowing for quick calculations and data management. Their software, VisiCalc, enabled businesses to analyze complex financial scenarios much faster than before, leading to the rise of financial engineering and private equity firms.

The spreadsheet's introduction coincided with a shift in American capitalism towards financial optimization, where companies began to be viewed primarily as collections of financial assets rather than organizations focused on production or innovation. This led to changes in corporate strategies, emphasizing short-term financial goals over long-term growth and innovation.

The article also draws parallels between the impacts of spreadsheets and artificial intelligence (AI). It suggests that while AI can improve data processing and decision-making, it may also impose a rigid structure on organizations, potentially overlooking essential human and qualitative aspects that contribute to a company's success.

In summary, while spreadsheets have greatly enhanced business efficiency and financial analysis, they have also led to a narrowed view of companies as merely financial entities, a trend that AI may further exacerbate if not approached thoughtfully.

The text discusses the development of an NSFW (Not Safe For Work) filter for the Marginalia Search engine, responding to requests from API users.

Here are the key points:

1. Filter Development: The search engine previously used basic domain-based filters but is now moving to a more sophisticated approach using a neural network.

2. Challenges: Creating a fast and accurate filter is difficult. Available advanced models (like transformers) are too slow for real-time search engine use.

3. Data Collection: To train the filter, the author collected numerous samples by running specific search queries and labeling results as NSFW or SAFE using a combination of automated tools.

4. Training Issues: Initial results from training a fasttext classifier were poor due to biased training data. The samples were mostly from NSFW-related queries, leading to many false positives.

5. Neural Network Approach: The author developed a single hidden layer neural network to focus on specific features that distinguish NSFW content. This involved selecting relevant terms and refining them through statistical methods.

6. Training Process: The final model was trained using labeled data, and while it had some false positives, its performance improved over time with more data and feature adjustments.

7. Performance Evaluation: After extensive testing, the filter achieved decent accuracy rates, and while it’s not perfect, it was deemed satisfactory for production use.

8. API Implementation: The filter is currently available through the API, with plans for a user interface to allow easier evaluation.

In summary, the author successfully created an NSFW filter using a neural network, overcoming initial challenges with data bias and classification accuracy, and it is now operational in the search engine.

Match Group, the company behind dating apps like OkCupid, has settled claims from the U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC). The FTC accused Match Group of improperly sharing user data. The settlement resolves these allegations, but details on the terms of the settlement have not been disclosed.

Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to advanced computer tools that can perform complex tasks, many of which were traditionally done by humans. As AI technology grows more sophisticated, there are concerns about its rapid development and the impact it has on jobs and resources. This paper explores how AI affects traditional philosophical questions, especially in mathematics and its real-world applications. The authors argue that AI is a natural progression of human tools designed to help us manage and share ideas. They emphasize that AI development should focus on benefiting humans, improving quality of life, and enhancing our understanding. The paper suggests ways to integrate AI into challenging fields for the greater good of humanity.

On March 29, 2026, a report revealed that ChatGPT's interface relies on a program from Cloudflare, known as Turnstile, which checks various user properties before allowing input. The program collects information from three layers:

1. Browser Fingerprint: This includes details about the user's browser (like WebGL properties and hardware specifications) and checks for user interactions with the website.
2. Cloudflare Network: It uses server-side headers to gather geographical and connection data, ensuring requests come through Cloudflare.
3. Application State: It verifies that the ChatGPT React application has fully loaded by checking specific internal states.

The Turnstile program is encrypted and contains a custom virtual machine (VM) that processes the collected data. The program generates a unique token for each user session, which is sent with every request to OpenAI.

Additionally, Turnstile includes two other security challenges: one that monitors user behavior (like keystroke timing) and another based on computational work (Proof of Work) to enhance security.

The report emphasizes that while the encryption method used (XOR) offers some protection against casual inspection, it's not foolproof, as the key for decryption is part of the data sent from the server. Overall, the findings highlight a sophisticated bot detection mechanism that goes beyond simple fingerprinting.

Summary: The Curious Case of Retro Demo Scene Graphics

The demo scene, a community focused on digital art and programming, has a unique approach to copyright, emphasizing effort and craft over originality. Artists often copied existing works, especially from popular fantasy and sci-fi artists, but this was generally accepted within the community.

Creating pixel art involved painstaking techniques, such as hand-pixelling and careful detailing, rather than simply scanning or tracing. While some artists openly acknowledged their sources, copying was largely tolerated, and many learned by emulating their idols.

With advancements in technology, like affordable scanners and powerful PCs, the scene witnessed a shift as some began to pass off scans as original work. This led to a growing desire for originality among artists, but copying still persisted, often with a greater stigma attached.

The distinction between using references for inspiration and outright copying is key. Good artists incorporate influences into unique works, while copying remains plagiarism. Today, many artists in the scene have matured, focusing on original ideas and personal styles, while others still plagiarize or rely on AI-generated art.

The community debates the role of AI, with some viewing it as a useful tool and others seeing it as undermining the craft. The scene continues to thrive as a space for creativity, but there are concerns about maintaining integrity and transparency in the creative process. Ultimately, the joy of creating in this environment stems from the love for the craft, not from cutting corners or relying on AI.

The text introduces Coasts, a tool designed to help developers run multiple local instances of projects using Docker. Here are the key points:

1. Purpose: Coasts allows developers to manage multiple localhost instances and Docker setups across different worktrees on a single computer.

2. Functionality: It enables agents (developers) to make and test code changes in isolated environments without altering the original Docker setup.

3. How it Works:

   • A "coast" represents a project's runtime and is created using a "Coastfile" that points to the project's Docker configuration.
   • When a coast is built, it creates a Docker image for running multiple isolated instances.
   • Developers can assign coasts to specific worktrees, which are directories containing different versions of the project.

4. Dynamic Ports: Each coast instance has its own set of ports that can be mapped to the host machine, allowing easier testing and access to services.

5. Customization: The Coastfile allows configuration of various settings, including which services to run, how to handle service behavior during worktree changes, and what volumes to use.

6. Efficiency: The setup minimizes the need to restart all services when switching worktrees, streamlining the development process.

The creators welcome questions and feedback from users.

Yesterday, I wrote my first technical draft to share publicly, but I realized that trying to sound perfect made me lose my personal voice in the writing. Even though most of the content was mine, using a language model for grammar checks caused it to be rejected because it seemed like it was written by AI. This made me question why I felt the need for AI validation when I have loved writing for so long.

I used to write confidently in English, my fourth language, without needing much help. However, I've become overly reliant on tools like Grammarly, which has affected my creativity. For example, I recently tried to write a slam poem and was disappointed with the result, feeling it didn’t reflect my true voice.

I shared this experience to see if others feel the same way and to ask how they regained their creative skills. This post was written without any assistance, showcasing my raw thoughts. I appreciate the rejection from the platform as it reminded me to focus on my own voice instead of trying to sound perfect. Embracing the imperfections in writing can convey genuine emotions, which is what makes writing special.

Summary: How I Manage Images for My Blog

I use Excalidraw to create images for my blog. Initially, I found managing graphic changes frustrating because it required many steps to export images correctly. To simplify this, I automated the process using a GitHub action that exports Excalidraw frames as SVGs in both light and dark modes automatically when I make changes.

Key Points:

1. Excalidraw Usage: I often use Excalidraw for visual explanations in my blog.
2. Initial Problems: Every graphic change required multiple clicks and was time-consuming.
3. Automation Solution: I created a GitHub action to automate exporting frames from Excalidraw files, which saves time and effort.
4. Limitations: The initial solution had issues, such as rendering bugs and dependency on an external server for exports.
5. Improved Method: I developed a new approach using a VSCode extension that automatically exports frames when I edit them, allowing for quick local previews.
6. Future Steps: I plan to share my solution with the Excalidraw community and have created downloadable artifacts for others to use.

Overall, this automation has made managing images for my blog much easier and more efficient.

Washington State has enacted a new law that bans noncompete agreements, which are contracts preventing employees from joining or starting competing businesses. Governor Bob Ferguson signed the law, led by state Rep. Liz Berry, stating it supports workers' rights to pursue better job opportunities or start their own companies. The law will take effect on June 30, 2027, making existing noncompete agreements unenforceable and prohibiting new ones. Employers must inform current and former employees about this change by October 1, 2027.

This law builds on a 2019 regulation that limited noncompete agreements to higher-income employees and contractors. It aligns with a previous attempt at a nationwide ban on noncompete agreements that was later rolled back. However, nonsolicitation agreements, which prevent former employees from soliciting clients or coworkers, remain legal but must be narrowly defined. Washington joins a few other states that have made noncompete agreements void, including California and Minnesota.

Summary:

Having a blog can help create "parasocial relationships," which are one-sided connections where a person knows about someone else without direct interaction. This concept, introduced in 1956, describes how media creates the illusion of a face-to-face relationship between performers and audiences.

Parasocial relationships can form through various senses, especially sight and hearing. This phenomenon has existed long before modern technology; for instance, storytelling can create these connections.

In today's internet age, parasocial relationships are more common due to social media and online interactions. While some view these relationships negatively—suggesting they may replace real-life connections—they can also be beneficial. They allow people to feel connected to authors, historical figures, and others who inspire them. Ultimately, the author recognizes the value of these relationships and uses their blog to foster connections.

The author reflects on their experience with social media, noting how it has evolved from a human-centered platform to one that often relies on automation and AI tools. Currently, they manage a successful newsletter and podcast, but they prioritize genuine human interaction over growing their social media presence artificially.

They express frustration with AI writing tools that create posts and comments, arguing that these take away the authentic social aspect of communication and replace it with automated interactions. The author believes that social media has become toxic, driven by the need for engagement rather than meaningful content. They advocate for being genuine and sharing personal struggles instead of creating a façade online. Ultimately, the message is to embrace humanity in social media interactions, rather than letting automation take over.

Summary of Fibonacci's Composed Fractions

Fibonacci, known as Leonardo of Pisa, wrote a book called "Liber Abaci" around 1202 to promote Hindu-Arabic numerals in Italy. This book explains arithmetic operations and business problems using these numerals, which were more efficient than Roman numerals. His notation for fractions, called composed fractions, represented mixed radix quantities and was used for about 300 years until decimal fractions became popular.

Fibonacci's life is not well-documented, but he traveled to learn about mathematics, including Indian figures and Arabic math. "Liber Abaci" contains 15 chapters, focusing on practical arithmetic for merchants, including multiplication, addition, subtraction, and division, as well as fractions and business problems.

Fibonacci's composed fractions use a horizontal bar to separate numerators and denominators, allowing for complex arithmetic operations. For example, (\frac{1\ 4}{2\ 7}) represents a mixed number. His work laid the foundation for future arithmetic teaching in Italy, especially in the Abbacus schools.

Despite the advantages of Hindu-Arabic numerals, adoption faced resistance due to the familiarity and perceived security of Roman numerals. Over time, however, these numerals gained acceptance, especially in accounting records.

Fibonacci is also famous for the Fibonacci Sequence, introduced in a problem about rabbits in "Liber Abaci." While he didn't discover the sequence, it became associated with him over time.

In conclusion, Fibonacci's notation and arithmetic methods met the needs of his time, offering a clear and efficient way to handle calculations in trade and commerce. His work significantly influenced the evolution of mathematics in Europe.

The text discusses the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation, which is important in continuous-time reinforcement learning and diffusion models. Here are the key points simplified:

1. Background: Richard Bellman introduced dynamic programming in the 1950s, which later evolved into the HJB equation for continuous-time systems, linking it to classical mechanics through the Hamilton-Jacobi equation.

2. HJB Equation: The HJB equation provides a method to solve control problems. It describes how to maximize rewards over time by making optimal decisions based on the current state.

3. Continuous-Time Reinforcement Learning:

   • Policy Iteration: This involves alternating between evaluating a current policy and improving it using the value function derived from the HJB equation.
   • Model-Free Q-Learning: This approach estimates the value function from sampled transitions without needing to know the system dynamics.

4. Applications:

   • Stochastic Linear-Quadratic Regulator (LQR): A common benchmark that involves linear dynamics and quadratic costs. Solutions can be derived from the HJB equation.
   • Merton Portfolio Problem: A problem in finance that optimizes wealth allocation between risk-free and risky assets, also solvable using the HJB framework.

5. Diffusion Models: The HJB methodology can also be applied to generative models in machine learning, interpreting training processes as optimal control problems.

In summary, the text emphasizes the HJB equation’s role in both reinforcement learning and diffusion models, showcasing its mathematical foundation and practical applications in various fields, including finance and machine learning.

The previous post discusses a type of programming language created specifically for machines to use when writing code. This language is tailored to help computers understand and execute instructions more effectively.

On April 2, 2026, a fire broke out at an AWS data center in Bahrain following an attack from Iran.

A team member used Copilot to fix a typo in my pull request (PR), but it ended up adding an advertisement for itself and Raycast. This is unacceptable. I anticipated issues like this eventually, but I didn't expect it to occur so quickly.

Platforms often decline in this way: they start by serving their users well, then they prioritize business customers at the expense of users, and finally, they exploit those business customers too. Ultimately, this approach leads to their downfall.

— Cory Doctorow

The author recently updated their benchmark of various C++ hashmaps, which had not been done for over three years. This new evaluation, completed in August 2022, involved extensive testing and analysis of 29 different hashmap implementations combined with 6 different hash functions, resulting in a total of 1914 evaluations across 11 benchmarks.

Key Points:

1. Benchmark Overview:

   • The benchmarks were conducted on an Intel i7-8700 processor using Manjaro Linux and clang++ 13.
   • The tests included multiple scenarios, such as modifying numbers, accessing and finding values, and handling strings.

2. Types of Hashmaps:

   • The hashmaps were categorized into stable (where pointers remain consistent) and unstable (where elements can move).
   • Unstable hashmaps generally perform better due to optimized memory management.

3. Benchmark Categories:

   • Modifying Numbers: Tests included copying, inserting and erasing large numbers, and random access.
   • Access & Find: Focused on the speed of iterating through elements and finding specific values.
   • String Handling: Similar benchmarks were performed using string data types.

4. Results Summary:

   • The results show geometric means for finding numbers and strings, as well as overall performance.
   • Specific implementations of hashmaps like absl::flat_hash_map and anker::unordered_dense::map showed high performance for both number and string searches.

5. Performance Insights:

   • Some hashmaps excelled in specific operations like insertion or memory usage, while others performed better in search speed.
   • The choice of hash function greatly affects the performance of the hashmaps, with some functions leading to poor results due to lack of diversity in hashing.

6. Conclusion:

   • The best hashmap to choose depends on specific use cases as performance can vary widely based on the data and operations involved.
   • The benchmarks are available as open source for further exploration.

7. Errata:

   • Corrections were made regarding the claims about the behavior of certain hash functions used in the benchmarks.

Overall, this comprehensive evaluation is intended to guide developers in selecting the most suitable C++ hashmap for their needs.

This post discusses how VHDL maintains determinism in its concurrent programming environment, highlighting its unique delta cycle algorithm.

Key points include:

• Delta Cycles: In VHDL, events that happen in zero time are ordered using delta cycles. Signal updates occur first, followed by process evaluations. This separation ensures that the final result is consistent and predictable, even if the order of events within each phase is not defined.

• VHDL vs. Verilog: Unlike VHDL, Verilog allows signal updates and process evaluations to interleave, leading to non-deterministic outcomes. Verilog uses "regs" for value storage, which can be immediately updated, complicating communication between processes.

• Determinism in VHDL: VHDL achieves built-in determinism by using special objects called signals, which delay value updates and are processed in a controlled manner. In contrast, Verilog’s approach can lead to unpredictable results.

• Conclusion: The delta cycle algorithm is a valuable feature of VHDL, providing a simple yet effective solution for ensuring predictable behavior in designs. While VHDL does have some exceptions that can introduce nondeterminism, they are generally not significant in practice.

Overall, the post emphasizes the advantages of VHDL's design over Verilog in terms of maintaining consistent results in hardware description languages.

Summary of Waterfox's 15-Year Journey

Today marks 15 years since Waterfox was created by Alex Kontos when he was just 16. Frustrated by the lack of a 64-bit version of Firefox, he compiled his own and shared it online. Within a week, it received 50,000 downloads, leading him on an unexpected journey in software development.

Over the years, Waterfox has grown significantly, now boasting approximately 1 million active users and over 25 million lifetime downloads. Alex pursued university studies in Electronics and Software Engineering, tried to launch a charitable search engine, and eventually joined System1 as VP of Engineering before returning to lead Waterfox independently.

Despite the challenges of running a privacy-focused browser, especially after losing search partnerships, Alex remains dedicated to Waterfox. This year, the browser will introduce a native content blocker for better performance, while still allowing text ads on its default search partner's page to ensure sustainability.

Waterfox continues to advocate for user privacy and stands firm against AI integration in browsers, focusing on delivering a straightforward browsing experience. As the browser landscape becomes increasingly competitive, Alex is optimistic about Waterfox's future, thanks to a growing community that values privacy.

He expresses gratitude to his supporters, family, and friends, looking forward to the next 15 years of Waterfox.

Ninja Summary

Ninja is a fast build system available for Linux, Mac, and Windows. You can find it on GitHub and run ./ninja -h for help. No installation is needed; just the ninja binary is required. For extra features like Bash completion, some files must be copied from the misc/ directory.

To build Ninja, you can use a Python script or CMake:

1. Using Python: Run ./configure.py --bootstrap to create the ninja binary and a build file. You can build tests by including the path to GoogleTest.
2. Using CMake: Use cmake -Bbuild-cmake -DBUILD_TESTING=OFF to build without tests, or omit the option to include tests.

To generate documentation, ensure you have asciidoc and xsltproc in your PATH, then run:

• For HTML: ninja manual doc/manual.html
• For PDF: ninja doc/manual.pdf

If you have doxygen, you can create additional documentation from C++ code comments by running ninja doxygen and viewing the output in a browser.

C++26 has been officially completed, marking a significant update to the C++ programming language. During the ISO C++ standards meeting in London, the committee resolved final comments on the draft and is now preparing for international approval.

Key Highlights:

1. Reflection: C++26 introduces reflection capabilities, allowing developers to better understand and manipulate the language itself, which is seen as a groundbreaking feature.
2. Memory Safety: Existing C++ code will become more memory-safe just by recompiling it for C++26, eliminating undefined behavior from uninitialized local variables and enhancing library security.
3. Contracts: The new contracts feature allows for preconditions and postconditions in functions, enhancing functional safety and reliability, despite some ongoing technical concerns within the community.
4. Concurrency: The std::execution feature provides a framework for managing concurrency and parallelism more safely.

C++26 is expected to be adopted rapidly due to its high demand and the swift availability of compliant compilers. The committee is already planning for C++29, focusing on further memory safety enhancements.

Upcoming meetings are scheduled for June in the Czech Republic and November in Brazil to continue development on C++29. The C++ community is excited about the advancements and the future of the language.

The text discusses Douglas Lenat's AM project from the SAIL archives, dating back to 1977. Key points include:

• The files are part of the SAILDART archive, maintained by Bruce Baumgart.
• The project was executed on a PDP-10 machine with 256k core memory, using the Interlisp programming language.
• An initial loader file (LT) is used to load other files, with some files being updated or split into new versions.
• Additional files and documentation related to the project can be found in the SAILDART archive.
• The project is in the public domain, as it was funded by the US government, and users are encouraged to copy and modify the software.
• A Discord link is provided for community engagement.

My Macbook Pro's right arrow key stopped working, but now it's constantly pressed, making the laptop unusable. After cleaning it and trying to fix it, I learned that Apple makes keyboard repairs difficult by riveting the keyboard to the top case, meaning I would have to replace the entire top case for about €730, instead of just the keyboard for €50. This repair cost is nearly a fifth of my laptop's value.

To avoid the expensive repair, I used Karabiner Elements to disable the right arrow key and remap other keys for temporary use, while donating $10 to the project. This experience highlighted the issue of hardware repairability. In the future, I plan to buy a more repairable laptop, like a ThinkPad or Framework laptop, and I hope governments will regulate manufacturers to make repairable devices.

Additionally, there are resources and guides available online for those in similar situations that could help save money on repairs.

Summary of Hardware Image Compression

The article discusses the slow innovation in hardware image formats, where developers hesitate to adopt new formats until they become widely supported. Historical examples include the delayed adoption of ATI's 3Dc formats, which only gained traction after being standardized in Direct3D 10.

Real-time texture compression is seen as an exciting development because it allows for easier introduction of new formats without waiting for content creation. Currently, there are three main hardware image compression formats: ARM’s AFRC, ImgTec’s PVRIC4, and Apple’s lossy compression.

Apple's Metal Compression:

• Introduced in A15 and M2 chipsets.
• Supports a simple 1:2 compression ratio.
• Performs well, but quality varies compared to other formats.

Vulkan Compression:

• Allows applications to request fixed-rate compression.
• Slightly more complicated than Metal but provides flexibility in compression settings.

ARM's AFRC:

• Launched in 2021, gaining popularity with the Mali-G715 GPU.
• Offers a wider range of compression ratios than Metal and performs well.
• Quality is generally superior to other formats, making it a strong choice for texture compression.

ImgTec's PVRIC4:

• Has complex block formats but disappointing quality and performance.
• Results indicate it underperforms compared to both Spark (a real-time texture compression library) and other hardware formats.

Conclusion:

• ARM’s AFRC is the best option, outperforming others in quality and performance.
• However, there are reasons to continue using Spark for consistent quality across different hardware.
• Currently, no hardware compression formats are available through WebGPU, but future support could enhance Spark’s functionality.

The text provides links to various online resources. These include:

1. Twitter status updates from a user named Cheng Lou.
2. Demo sites showcasing pretext features and experiments related to a project called "biomap."

The links direct to platforms where users can explore the provided content further.

The office lab transitioned from Proxmox to FreeBSD and Sylve because managing infrastructure became more burdensome than the actual work being done. While Proxmox is still suitable for many clients, the team found their repetitive tasks—like setting up VMs and adjusting storage—required a simpler and more efficient solution.

FreeBSD offers essential features (like ZFS and jails) that align well with their workflow, and Sylve allows for easy management without complicating the process. The lightweight nature of this setup made routine tasks smoother, and practical features like fast VM image downloads and an efficient web terminal improved their experience.

The team values a straightforward infrastructure that doesn't overwhelm them, which is why they chose FreeBSD and Sylve. They appreciate the support from the FreeBSD Foundation and hope for continued improvements, such as live migration. They are open to providing demos of Sylve or discussing its suitability for other environments.

The article discusses how AI coding agents could revitalize the importance of free software, which allows users the freedom to run, study, modify, and share software. Traditionally, the rise of Software as a Service (SaaS) made these freedoms feel less relevant, as most users never interacted with the source code of the software they used. However, AI agents can read and modify codebases on behalf of users, making software freedom more practical and accessible.

The author reflects on the history of free software, emphasizing Richard Stallman's "four freedoms" that advocate for user rights. Over time, the term "open source" became popular, focusing more on code availability for businesses while sidelining the ethical implications of software freedom. The emergence of SaaS further complicated matters, as it allowed companies to avoid sharing code modifications.

The author shares a personal experience with a task management app (Sunsama) and illustrates the frustrations of working within a closed system. Attempts to customize the app through an AI agent required navigating complex workarounds due to the lack of an official API and the proprietary nature of the software.

AI agents represent a shift in how users can exercise software freedom, allowing non-technical users to request modifications without needing coding skills. This development could make the distinction between free and proprietary software much more significant, as users increasingly expect their agents to adapt tools to their specific needs.

The article concludes that while the convenience of SaaS is valuable, there is a growing demand for more open and customizable software options. The future may see a balance between the ease of SaaS and the freedoms associated with free software, as users begin to prioritize their agents' ability to modify software according to their preferences.

Philadelphia's court system has announced a ban on all smart or AI-integrated eyewear, effective Monday. This includes glasses capable of recording video and audio, even for those with prescriptions. The ban aims to prevent intimidation of witnesses and jurors. While other recording devices like phones and laptops are allowed if powered off, smart glasses will be strictly prohibited.

If someone tries to bring these glasses into the court buildings, they could be refused entry or face legal consequences. Exceptions may only be granted with prior written permission from a judge. This move aligns Philadelphia with other jurisdictions like Hawaii and Wisconsin that are also banning smart eyewear in courtrooms.

Recently, during a trial involving Meta, CEO Mark Zuckerberg had to remove his smart glasses at the judge's request. Smart glasses have become more popular, with brands like Ray-Ban and Oakley selling millions in 2025, while Apple plans to enter the market in 2027.

Summary:

In March 2026, a small startup developed a cost-effective 3D body scanning solution that avoids the expensive SMPL licensing trap. SMPL is a popular model for body reconstruction but requires a costly commercial license, making it unfeasible for small businesses. Instead, the team utilized two new models, Naver’s Anny and Meta’s MHR, which have permissive licenses.

Key Points:

1. SMPL Licensing Issues: SMPL's non-commercial license restricts its use for startups, especially for training neural networks and creating 3D meshes.

2. Alternative Models: The startup built a pipeline using Anny and MHR, both of which allow commercial use. Anny offers meaningful body parameters (like gender and weight), while MHR provides high-quality mesh outputs.

3. How It Works: The pipeline includes two input paths—a photo-based method and a questionnaire—that converge to fine-tune body measurements and drape garments accurately.

4. Cost of Operation: The overall cost per body scan is around nine cents, significantly cheaper than other commercial alternatives, mainly due to efficient GPU usage.

5. Measurement Accuracy: Initial tests show that the system achieves reasonable accuracy for body measurements, although it still requires fine-tuning to improve precision.

6. Future Improvements: The team aims to enhance their measurement infrastructure and user experience based on feedback and testing.

In conclusion, the startup successfully created a commercial 3D body scanning pipeline for a low cost, paving the way for broader consumer use in fashion and other industries.

The article discusses a train journey taken on the Amtrak Crescent from Atlanta to Washington, D.C., highlighting the contrast between rail travel and the chaos at airports during a government shutdown. Due to a budget impasse linked to immigration policies, travelers faced long security lines at airports, prompting the author to opt for a train instead.

The journey provided a reflective view of America's diverse landscapes and people, showcasing the historical significance of trains in U.S. travel. The author noted the convenience of train travel, such as no long security waits and spacious seating, compared to the frustrations of flying.

Throughout the trip, the author observed the varied demographics of passengers, highlighting the changing face of America and the impact of politics on mobility. The piece concludes with a sense of nostalgia for the past while recognizing the ongoing political challenges that affect travel and society as a whole.

In 1972, a simple but revolutionary video game called PONG made its debut at Andy Capp’s Tavern in Sunnyvale, California. For 25¢ a game, patrons could play against each other using knobs to control paddles on a small TV screen, marking a significant shift from traditional pinball machines. The game's minimal design featured just a square ball and two paddles, but it quickly gained popularity, leading to an unexpected surge in coin collection that jammed the machine.

The creators, Nolan Bushnell and Al Alcorn, were hopeful that customers would engage with their creation. When the game proved to be a hit, it laid the foundation for Atari, the company they founded. Over the years, PONG became an iconic symbol of the video game industry and was inducted into the World Video Game Hall of Fame.

Atari's success was attributed to various factors, including innovative marketing strategies and a unique approach to product development that combined emerging technology with traditional amusement. The game was designed to be simple enough for anyone to play, making it accessible and widely accepted in public spaces.

PONG's legacy continues to be celebrated, highlighting its impact on the gaming industry and its role in Atari's rise to prominence during the 1970s.

Summary of Voyager 1: The Spacecraft's Journey and Achievements

Voyager 1, launched in 1977, is the farthest human-made object from Earth, currently traveling over 15 billion miles at a speed of 38,000 miles per hour. It operates with just 69 kilobytes of memory and an advanced 8-track tape recorder, sending back unique scientific data from interstellar space.

Originally, Voyager 1's mission was to explore Jupiter and Saturn, taking photos and measuring their environments. Remarkably, it has continued to function well beyond its expected five-year mission, providing valuable discoveries like active volcanoes on Jupiter's moon Io and insights about Saturn's moon Titan.

In 2012, Voyager 1 became the first spacecraft to enter interstellar space, gathering data that no other spacecraft can collect. Despite challenges, including a potential thruster failure in 2025, engineers successfully revived the spacecraft's thrusters, allowing it to keep its antenna pointed at Earth.

Voyager 1 will continue to travel through space, reaching the Oort Cloud in about 300 years and coming close to another star in 40,000 years. It also carries a "Golden Record," a message containing sounds and images of Earth, intended for any intelligent life that may find it.

Overall, Voyager 1 exemplifies human ingenuity, showcasing how robust engineering can lead to extraordinary achievements in space exploration.

A new open-source office suite called Euro-Office is being developed as an alternative to Google Docs and Microsoft Office. It's based on the OnlyOffice software and aims to provide web-based collaborative document editing. Euro-Office is supported by various European companies and is designed to open and edit common document formats like DOCX and ODT.

The project's goal is to offer a user-friendly experience similar to Microsoft Office, making it easy for users to transition. Euro-Office is intended to integrate with existing cloud services, allowing users to edit documents directly from their storage solutions.

However, the project has faced criticism from OnlyOffice, which claims Euro-Office violates its licensing terms. Additionally, Euro-Office seeks to promote "digital sovereignty" by creating software that is not controlled by major tech companies from the U.S. or China.

The choice of OnlyOffice as a base, rather than LibreOffice, is notable because OnlyOffice already provides a capable web-based editor. The Euro-Office project is still in development, with no online demo available yet.

Bitwarden has introduced the Agent Access SDK, which allows AI agents to access credentials from Bitwarden's vault with human approval. This integration works with OneCLI, an open-source gateway that manages API requests by injecting credentials securely without the agent ever seeing them in plaintext.

Key Points:

• Human Approval for Access: Agents must request access to credentials, which are only granted after user approval through Bitwarden's CLI.
• Secure Credential Management: OneCLI intercepts API calls, retrieves credentials from Bitwarden, and injects them directly into requests, keeping them secure.
• No Key Exposure: The agent does not store API keys, reducing the risk of leaks.
• Rate Limiting and Policies: OneCLI can enforce rules on API calls, such as limiting the number of requests to external services.
• Audit Trails: The system logs both the approval of credential requests and their usage for accountability.

This integration is beneficial for safely managing credentials in production environments and is currently in alpha testing. Both Bitwarden and OneCLI are open-source projects, encouraging community feedback and contributions.

France's brown motorway signs have been more than just directional tools for over 50 years; they showcase the country's history, culture, and identity. These signs guide drivers to important sites like monuments, vineyards, and local dishes, while also remembering significant historical events, such as the Izieu Memorial for Jewish children deported during WWII.

The signs, first introduced in 1972, number over 500 and were designed to promote tourism by highlighting regional culture and identity. Created by Swiss designer Jean Widmer and his wife Nicole Sauvage, the early signs featured simple pictograms and were designed to be easily understood at high speeds.

In 1984, graphic designer Philippe Collier began modernizing the signs, incorporating community input and creating more detailed designs. Today, while many original designs have been replaced, the new signs continue to attract attention and educate drivers about France’s rich heritage.

Overall, these signs serve as an open-air gallery, encouraging motorists to explore and learn about the diverse aspects of French culture as they travel.

Summary of "The Cognitive Dark Forest"

The text explores the idea that the internet is becoming a "cognitive dark forest," where openness and sharing are increasingly dangerous due to the rise of AI and corporate control.

1. Historical Perspective: In the past, the internet was a vibrant space for sharing ideas and innovations without gatekeepers. People could connect and collaborate freely, leading to opportunities for success.

2. The Dark Forest Analogy: Inspired by Liu Cixin's novel, the author compares the current state of the internet to a dark forest where civilizations hide to avoid being destroyed. In today's context, revealing ideas can lead to being overshadowed or absorbed by large corporations.

3. AI's Impact: With the emergence of AI, the cost of executing ideas has decreased, allowing corporations to quickly replicate innovations. This creates a risk for individual creators, who may feel the need to stay silent to protect their uniqueness.

4. Consolidation of Power: The internet has become consolidated, with fewer platforms controlling access to information and innovation. As a result, sharing knowledge may lead to losing control over one's ideas.

5. The Dilemma of Innovation: While innovation is essential, it paradoxically feeds the very systems that threaten individual creators. Ideas shared with AI platforms can be absorbed and used against the original creator.

6. Conclusion: The author suggests that although there is a temptation to hide and innovate in private, this could stifle innovation overall. The cycle is complex: one cannot warn others about the dark forest without contributing to it.

In essence, the text warns of a future where individual creativity is at risk in a landscape dominated by powerful AI platforms, urging a reconsideration of how we share and innovate.

Teenage brains are not flawed; they are actually primed for growth and development.

This text contains CSS and JavaScript code for a web page that manages a splash screen based on the user's color scheme preference (light or dark).

Key Points:

1. Color Schemes:

   • The background color is set to white for both light and dark themes.
   • A specific dot color is defined for the splash screen.

2. Splash Screen Design:

   • The splash screen (#d-splash) is centered on the screen and covers the entire viewport.
   • It uses a grid layout and has a high z-index to appear above other content.

3. Animation:

   • There are animations for fading in the splash screen and for dots that move and change opacity.
   • The dots are styled to be circular and have a specific size and spacing.

4. Preloader Image:

   • An SVG is used as a background image for the preloader.

5. Styles Resets:

   • At the end, the splash screen is hidden and the vertical overflow of the HTML is reverted.

Overall, this code is for creating a visually appealing loading animation that adapts to the user's theme preference.

No summary available.

The interview with nobonoko, a contemporary artist known for using simple music software called BeepBox, explores his unique approach to music-making. Unlike many popular artists who rely on external production teams for their sound, nobonoko emphasizes the craft of creating music himself. His works include notable albums like "Strawberry+" and "Music for Animal Cafés," which often feature personal artwork that enhances the listening experience.

Nobonoko appreciates the accessibility of BeepBox, allowing anyone with an internet connection to create music. He finds inspiration from various sources, particularly from past eras and a blend of cultural influences, including Brazilian and Japanese styles. His music often reflects a whimsical, humorous tone, and he enjoys building narratives through his compositions and accompanying visuals.

Throughout the interview, nobonoko discusses his influences, creative process, and the role of technology in his music. He aims to create a cohesive experience that combines sound and visuals, with a focus on personal expression rather than commercial trends. His work challenges norms in the music industry by blending genres and embracing a DIY aesthetic. Overall, nobonoko's artistry stands out for its originality and the intimate connection he fosters between his music and its presentation.

Multimodal AI systems, which combine visual and language processing, perform well in various tasks, but how they understand and integrate visual information is not well understood. This study presents three main findings:

1. Mirage Reasoning: These models can create detailed descriptions and reasoning for images they have never seen, which we call "mirage reasoning."

2. High Performance Without Images: The models can achieve high scores on tests without any image input, raising questions about their design. For example, one model ranked first in a chest X-ray question-answering test without viewing any images.

3. Effect of Explicit Guessing: When models were told to guess answers without seeing images, their performance dropped significantly. This suggests that they respond differently when explicitly asked to guess compared to when they act as if they have images.

These findings highlight serious weaknesses in how these AI models reason and are assessed. There is a pressing need for better evaluation benchmarks that remove textual hints that allow models to infer answers without visual input, especially in medical situations where mistakes can have serious consequences. To address this, the study introduces a new evaluation method called B-Clean, aimed at ensuring fair assessments based on actual visual inputs.

Danny Litwhiler, a former Michigan State University (MSU) baseball coach, was a notable innovator in baseball, credited with over 100 inventions, including the pitch speed radar gun. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1940 to 1951 and enjoyed a successful coaching career at MSU, leading the team to multiple championships and mentoring future MLB players.

Litwhiler's innovative spirit began during his playing days when he adapted his glove for better performance. His invention of the pitch speed radar gun revolutionized how pitch speeds were measured and are now a standard part of the game. He also created tools like the Unbreakable Mirror for pitchers to improve their form and Diamond Dust for drying wet balls and fields.

Litwhiler's contributions demonstrate that significant innovations can arise not only from research labs but also from practical experience in sports. His legacy continues to impact baseball today.

No summary available.

The author expresses regret over relying on iCloud Photos for storing their extensive photo collection. Initially excited about Apple’s iCloud Photo Library when it launched in 2014, they now face issues with storage limits and the complexity of managing nearly 95,000 photos.

Over the years, their storage needs have grown from 200 GB to 1.5 TB, leading to frustration with the service's limitations, especially the inability to selectively sync photos. The author struggles with the process of moving photos between libraries and finds that iCloud's reliability is questionable, as they encounter confusing discrepancies regarding photo resolutions and quantities.

Despite attempts to manage their library, the author faces slow performance and organizational issues when importing and exporting photos. They realize that iCloud may not provide the security they thought it would, leaving them anxious about the safety of their cherished images.

Ultimately, the author decides to reduce their dependence on iCloud and ensure that their photos are also stored locally and backed up elsewhere, acknowledging the importance of safeguarding their memories.

Summary of RISE RISC-V Runners Announcement

RISE has launched the Early Availability of RISE RISC-V Runners, a free service that allows open source projects to use real RISC-V hardware in their GitHub Actions CI pipelines without needing emulators or complex setups. This service helps overcome a major hurdle for RISC-V adoption, where developers need hardware to test their software.

Key Points:

• No Hardware Hassle: Open source projects can now easily access RISC-V boards for testing by installing a GitHub App and modifying one line in their workflow.
• Easy Setup: Users can set up the runners in minutes by choosing the appropriate GitHub App for either organizations or personal accounts.
• Clean Environment: Each job runs in a fresh environment on dedicated RISC-V servers, ensuring reliable performance.
• Open Source Infrastructure: The platform is built on open source technology, and users can contribute by reporting issues or suggesting features.

Who Can Use It? Anyone maintaining an open source project can benefit from this service, making it simple to check RISC-V compatibility.

Get Involved:

• Install the GitHub App and add RISC-V testing to your projects.
• Consider contributing to other projects by adding RISC-V jobs.
• Engage with the open source community by reporting bugs or suggesting improvements.

For detailed instructions and documentation, visit the RISE project website. This initiative aims to enhance the RISC-V software ecosystem and promote its adoption.

The article "Endgame for the Open Web" discusses the growing threats to the open internet, which has allowed anyone to create and share content freely. It describes how big tech companies, driven by profit, are undermining this openness by using aggressive tactics to control or eliminate independent online communities and resources.

Key points include:

• The open web has historically enabled creativity and connection, but it is now under attack from powerful tech companies.
• These companies are exploiting open content without permission, harming independent publishers and creators by using AI to scrape and summarize their work without compensation.
• The article warns that if these trends continue, vital platforms like Wikipedia, open source software projects, and independent media could be severely damaged or transformed into closed systems.
• It emphasizes the importance of community action to protect the open web, urging support for organizations like the Internet Archive and Wikipedia, which defend open content.
• Finally, it suggests that despite the challenges, there are opportunities for innovation and rebuilding a more equitable internet, potentially using AI in positive ways, if communities band together.

The author calls for collective action to defend the values of the open web and ensure it remains a resource for future generations.

No summary available.

Job Summary: Senior Ruby on Rails Engineer at InpharmD

InpharmD, founded in 2018, is seeking a Senior Ruby on Rails Engineer to enhance their healthcare platform, which helps providers make informed clinical decisions. The company has grown its revenue by 750% while maintaining efficiency and a small, dedicated team.

Key Points:

• Company Culture:

  • Focus on efficient growth with a small, high-performing team.
  • Emphasizes ownership, quick iteration, and a drama-free work environment.

• Job Role:

  • Design and scale backend systems and APIs using Ruby on Rails (version 8+) and Ruby 3+.
  • Responsibilities include managing databases, improving system performance, and integrating healthcare pricing systems.

• Qualifications:

  • Minimum of 10 years of experience with Ruby on Rails.
  • Strong skills in API design, database management, and experience with job orchestration tools like Sidekiq or Solid Queue.
  • Familiarity with healthcare systems is a plus.

• Technical Stack:

  • Ruby on Rails, Ruby 3+, PostgreSQL, Sidekiq/Solid Queue, AWS.

• Logistics:

  • Location: Atlanta Tech Village or remote.
  • Compensation: $130K base plus stock options.

InpharmD values diverse perspectives and invites qualified candidates who are passionate about making an impact in healthcare to apply. Interested candidates can contact the founders directly via email.

No summary available.

The Accursèd Alphabetical Clock shows the time using letters instead of numbers. There are two modes:

1. Three-Hand Mode: Hours, minutes, and seconds are each displayed by their English spellings and sorted alphabetically, with a hand for each part of the time.

2. Combined Mode: All possible times (43,200 total) are spelled out and sorted alphabetically, with one needle pointing to the current time.

Bram Cohen's recent discussion on version control highlighted some interesting points after his last post gained attention on Hacker News. He emphasized the potential for a more advanced version control system that offers "safe squash" and "safe rebase" features. Unlike Git, which is simple but requires users to manage many details manually, this new system aims to handle version history more effectively, avoiding the loss of important information.

Cohen's system would maintain a complete history while allowing users to perform familiar commands that yield similar outputs to Git, with some improvements in handling conflicts. He believes that committing changes effectively can lead to better functionality, including improved local undo and cherry-picking options.

He also touched on the idea that merging branches with identical histories can be tricky but proposed a method to minimize issues in such cases. Additionally, he discussed the importance of human oversight in coding, particularly when using AI, contrasting it with the risks of poorly understood automated code.

Overall, Cohen aims to create a more user-friendly and reliable version control system that simplifies the process while retaining important historical data.

Summary of OpenClaw Overview

OpenClaw is an open-source AI agent that operates on your own hardware, unlike typical chatbots. It can perform various tasks such as reading emails, managing calendars, and automating workflows while you sleep. Developed by Peter Steinberger and launched in January 2026, OpenClaw quickly gained popularity, surpassing 250,000 stars on GitHub.

Key Features:

• Functionality: OpenClaw acts on your behalf, sending messages and managing tasks through messaging apps like WhatsApp and Telegram.
• Installation Options: Users can host OpenClaw on a VPS, in the cloud, or on local machines (Mac or Raspberry Pi).
• Cost: The software is free, but users must pay for hosting, AI model usage, and potentially hardware.

Installation and Setup:

• Requirements: Use a dedicated machine to avoid security risks. Obtain API keys from AI providers like Anthropic or OpenAI.
• Steps: The installation involves setting up a messaging channel, selecting an AI model, and configuring the agent's personality and automations.

Use Cases:

• Users have successfully employed OpenClaw for negotiating car prices, handling insurance claims, and even writing code autonomously.

Visual Monitoring:

• OpenClaw Office allows you to visually monitor your AI agents in a virtual office setting, enhancing usability and collaboration.

Security Concerns:

• Given its access to system controls, security is crucial. Users should not run it on personal machines, set spending limits on API usage, and ensure they only install verified skills.

Verdict: OpenClaw represents a significant shift in how users interact with AI, allowing for proactive assistance rather than reactive responses. It's especially recommended for technical users and those interested in personal automation.

I’m currently at UBC in Vancouver for ATmosphereConf 2026, where developers, researchers, and entrepreneurs are gathered to promote a free and open web. The atmosphere is collaborative and excited as attendees share ideas about the "Atmosphere," an ecosystem of over a thousand social apps that use the AT Protocol (atproto).

One notable app in this ecosystem is Bluesky, a social network that allows users to control their own algorithms without ads. Your Bluesky login serves as a key to many other apps, meaning your social connections can be carried across different platforms seamlessly.

For example, if you post on various Atmosphere-compatible platforms like Leaflet or Pckt, those posts can also be shared on Bluesky, and engagement will flow back to your original post. This interoperability means you don’t need multiple accounts; your community can find your content wherever they are.

Additionally, new tools are emerging that allow users to create custom feeds and curate content across different apps. For instance, Blacksky focuses on social media tailored for Black users, while Eurosky offers a European home server to keep social data within Europe.

The developer community is also thriving within the Atmosphere, collaborating to create tools that enhance the ecosystem. The overall feel here is one of organic growth, much like a neighborhood developing with independent projects and collaborations.

Summary of Train Varieties in JR Kyushu

JR Kyushu trains are known for their unique designs and features that enhance the scenic beauty of Kyushu. Here are the main types of trains:

1. Design & Story Trains (Sightseeing Trains): These trains provide a special experience as they showcase Kyushu's landscapes. Notable trains include:

   • YUFUIN NO MORI: A resort train to Yufuin hot springs.
   • ASO BOY!: Takes passengers to the Aso caldera with playful themes.
   • A-TRAIN: A nostalgic ride for adult travelers.
   • IBUSUKI NO TAMATEBAKO: A magical train with a unique design.
   • UMISACHI YAMASACHI: Showcases the natural beauty of Miyazaki.
   • KAWASEMI YAMASEMI: Offers views of the Hitoyoshi/Kuma region.
   • TWO STARS 4047: New train for touring West Kyushu.
   • ARU RESSHA: A luxury train revived after 100 years.
   • KANPACHI/ICHIROKU: Focuses on local culture.

   Passengers can also enjoy a variety of bento box lunches on these trains.

2. Shinkansen (Bullet Train): The Kyushu Shinkansen connects Kyushu with other regions, promoting travel and business. Key models include:

   • 800 Series: Luxurious with traditional decor.
   • N700 Series: Fastest connection between Kyushu and Honshu.
   • Nishi Kyushu Shinkansen: New service starting in fall 2022.

3. Other Limited Express Trains: These trains connect various cities and offer unique experiences. Notable ones include:

   • SONIC (883 Series): Intercity express for East Kyushu.
   • HUIS TEN BOSCH: Direct route to Japan's largest theme park.
   • KYUSHU ODAN TOKKYU: Travels to famous sightseeing spots.

JR Kyushu trains provide a memorable way to explore the region's beauty and culture.

The author is actively involved in managing their bone cancer (osteosarcoma in the T5 vertebrae) after exhausting standard treatment options. They have taken steps to maximize diagnostics, develop new treatments, and implement these methods for others.

Elliot Hershberg wrote an in-depth article about the author's cancer journey, which is also summarized in a presentation linked on their page. The author is working with companies to expand this approach to help more people.

They believe the medical industry should prioritize patients better and recommend an article by Ruxandra on this topic. For detailed information on their treatment timeline and data, visit https://osteosarc.com/, which includes 25TB of publicly available data.

The author encourages readers to subscribe to their mailing list and can be contacted at [email protected].

The text discusses the potential collapse of the AI investment bubble, highlighting key factors that could lead to a downturn in the market.

1. AI's Future: While AI is expected to improve productivity, it may not be a good investment opportunity.

2. Big Tech Spending: Major companies like Google, Apple, and Amazon are ramping up spending to compete in AI. However, they don't need to outspend each other to succeed; rather, they aim to make it difficult for smaller competitors like OpenAI and Anthropic to keep up financially.

3. Challenges for AI Labs: AI labs face rising energy costs, reduced capital availability, and crashing RAM prices. If funding dries up, companies may need to raise prices, risking a drop in demand.

4. OpenAI's Struggles: OpenAI is having difficulty monetizing its services and may seek a buyout, likely by Microsoft, which could affect Microsoft's growth story.

5. Market Ramifications: A crash in the AI sector could negatively impact the broader market, affecting public company valuations and pension funds. Overcapacity in data centers may lead to financial losses for banks and reduced investment opportunities.

The author suggests that while these scenarios are speculative, they reflect a typical boom-and-bust cycle in technology investments.

Ken Shirriff's blog discusses the history and significance of IBM's System/4 Pi family of computers, particularly focusing on their role in aerospace technology.

Key Points:

1. Introduction to System/4 Pi: Launched around 1967, the System/4 Pi computers were used in various military and space applications, including the Space Shuttle. They were compact, powerful, and designed for avionics.

2. Models and Functions: The family initially included models like the TC (Tactical Computer), CP (Customized Processor), and EP (Extended Performance), each serving specific military and aerospace functions, from missile guidance to satellite control.

3. Key Achievements:

   • The TC Tactical Computer was crucial for Skylab, the first American space station, controlling its gyroscopes.
   • The CP processors enhanced real-time computing for military aircraft.
   • The EP model was compatible with IBM's mainframes and had advanced capabilities for navigation and data processing.

4. Advancements: Over time, IBM introduced advanced versions, improving processing speed and memory capabilities, culminating in the AP series, which supported dual architectures to keep pace with evolving technology.

5. Space Shuttle Contributions: The AP-101B computer was notably used in the Space Shuttle, incorporating redundancy for reliability and advanced features for flight control. Later versions, like the AP-101S, further improved performance and efficiency.

6. Legacy: By 1994, the System/4 Pi line was discontinued as IBM shifted focus to other markets. However, its legacy remains in various military and aerospace applications, highlighting the rapid evolution of computer technology over the decades.

This summary captures the essence of IBM's System/4 Pi computers' contributions to aerospace and military technology, emphasizing their evolution and impact.

U.S. senators Elizabeth Warren and Josh Hawley are advocating for mandatory reporting of power consumption by datacenters and other large energy users. They believe that this data is crucial for holding these companies accountable and protecting consumers from rising electricity costs.

They have urged the Energy Information Administration (EIA) to require annual reports on energy usage, which would help in grid planning and ensure that the commitments made by companies regarding energy consumption are transparent and enforceable.

Currently, the voluntary Ratepayer Protection Pledge lacks enforcement, and the senators argue that without accurate data on energy consumption, both policymakers and utility companies cannot effectively manage rising energy demands. They are requesting detailed information, including hourly consumption and electricity rates, and want this data to be publicly accessible.

However, this proposal may face resistance from the industry, similar to previous reactions against mandatory reporting in Europe.

Summary of "Gonon: Building a Clock With No Numerals":

The project started with a question about redefining timekeeping without cultural biases, such as numerals or reading directions. The goal was to create a clock that works universally, including in mirrors or zero gravity, using geometry.

Key Points:

1. What Constitutes a Clock?

   • A clock requires:
     • A repeatable process (like a pendulum).
     • A method for counting.
     • Calibration to an agreed time standard (like UTC).
     • A way to read the time.

2. Layers of Time:

   • Time has four layers:
     • Physics Time: Measured in seconds based on atomic transitions.
     • Astronomical Time: Relates to Earth's rotation.
     • Civil Time: Standardized time used by societies, such as UTC.
     • Computing Time: Practical time used in technology.

3. Redesigning the Clock:

   • The new clock separates duration from date and presents time as both linear and cyclic.
   • It emphasizes proportion over numerals, using a progress indicator for the day alongside precise time.

4. Polygon Encoding:

   • Each digit (0-9) is represented as a polygon, allowing for orientation independence.
   • Six concentric rings represent hours, minutes, and seconds, designed to prevent visual overlap.

5. 24-Hour Arc:

   • A continuous arc indicates the progress of the day visually, similar to a sundial.

6. Testing and Validation:

   • The design was rigorously tested to ensure accuracy and that no polygons overlapped.

7. Name and Concept:

   • The clock is called "Gonon," inspired by the Greek word for angle, reflecting its geometric nature.

8. Future Ideas:

   • The project suggests further exploration of time displays that align more closely with human perception.

In summary, Gonon proposes a novel way to visualize time that is culturally neutral and focuses on human understanding, using geometry instead of traditional numerals.

Summary of Ohm's PEG-to-Wasm Compiler

Ohm is a toolkit for parsing custom file formats and building parsers for programming languages using JavaScript and TypeScript. Recently, Ohm released a new version, v18 beta, which greatly improves performance, making it over 50 times faster and using less memory.

Key Features and Improvements:

1. New Parsing Engine:

   • v18 rewrites the core parsing engine to compile Ohm grammars (a type of parsing expression grammar) into WebAssembly (Wasm) modules, which function as parsers.

2. PExpr Trees:

   • In previous versions, parsing was done through Abstract Syntax Tree (AST) interpretation. Now, v18 compiles these trees into Wasm instead of interpreting them, leading to significant speed increases.

3. Memory Management:

   • v18 uses a bump allocator for Concrete Syntax Tree (CST) nodes, which allows for more efficient memory usage compared to traditional heap allocation. It also utilizes a compact representation for terminal nodes.

4. Chunked Bindings:

   • The new implementation uses a doubly-linked list of fixed-size chunks for temporary storage of parsing results, which speeds up operations by minimizing memory overhead during parsing.

5. Memoization and Block-Sparse Representation:

   • v18 employs a block-sparse memoization technique to store results of rule applications efficiently, reducing memory waste and speeding up lookups.

6. Parameterized Rules:

   • Parameterized rules are now handled through static specialization rather than runtime evaluation, simplifying the parsing process and improving performance.

7. Optimized Space Skipping:

   • The latest version optimizes how whitespace is handled in grammars, avoiding unnecessary node allocation and improving parsing speed.

8. Additional Optimizations:

   • Other optimizations include inlining single-use rules and preallocating certain CST nodes to reduce overhead.

Overall, these enhancements make Ohm's PEG-to-Wasm compiler much faster and more efficient, allowing for better performance in parsing various languages and formats.

Neovim Summary

Neovim is a text editor with an active community and ongoing development. The latest release is version 0.12.0, which includes various fixes and new features. Users can find installation options for different operating systems:

• Windows: Available as a ZIP file or MSI installer.
• macOS: Available for both x86_64 and ARM architectures in TAR.GZ format.
• Linux: Available for x86_64 and ARM architectures as an AppImage or TAR.GZ file.

To install Neovim, users should download the appropriate file for their system, extract it, and run the executable. There are also options for installing via package managers.

The community is engaged, showing positive reactions to updates and features.

Angela Lipps, a 50-year-old grandmother, was wrongfully arrested in Tennessee on July 14 after police used an AI facial recognition tool that mistakenly linked her to bank fraud crimes in Fargo, North Dakota—a place she had never visited. She spent over three months in jail before being extradited to North Dakota, where she was facing serious charges.

Fargo police admitted there were errors in the investigation, primarily due to their reliance on a neighboring department's AI system, which misidentified Lipps. The police chief acknowledged that their procedures need improvement and stated that they would no longer use the AI tool from West Fargo.

Eventually, Lipps' defense team found evidence proving she was in Tennessee during the time of the crimes. The charges against her were dropped on December 23, and she was released on Christmas Eve.

Lipps' case highlights growing concerns about the use of AI in policing, as it can lead to wrongful identifications and detentions. Her legal team is exploring civil rights claims due to the prolonged and unjust nature of her detention. Police are now reviewing their protocols to prevent similar mistakes in the future.

Summary:

Azul Platform Core is a top alternative to Oracle Java, providing extensive OpenJDK support, including for older versions like Java 6 and 7, resulting in high business value and low total cost of ownership (TCO).

Eclipse GlassFish, an application server, has evolved significantly since Oracle's support ended. Once viewed as outdated and only suitable for development, the latest version (7.0 and beyond) is now a robust, production-ready platform with commercial support from OmniFish. This includes frequent updates, compliance with modern Java standards, and enhanced features for enterprise needs.

Key improvements in Eclipse GlassFish include:

• Support: Previously limited; now backed by OmniFish with long-term support.
• Release Schedule: Frequent updates compared to the stagnant past.
• Java Compatibility: Supports modern versions up to Java 25.
• Performance: Faster startup and better resource management.
• Security: Updated practices and features for compliance.
• Cloud Capability: Designed for cloud deployments with lightweight distributions.

Eclipse GlassFish also supports Jakarta EE 11 and MicroProfile APIs, making it suitable for developing resilient microservices. Overall, it has transitioned into a modern, enterprise-ready application server.

Cybersecurity firm F5 Networks has identified a serious security flaw in its BIG-IP APM (Access Policy Manager) system, originally thought to be a denial-of-service (DoS) issue but now reclassified as a critical remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability. This flaw, tracked as CVE-2025-53521, allows attackers to execute code on unpatched devices without permissions. F5 has warned that this vulnerability is actively being exploited and advises users to check their systems for signs of compromise.

F5 has provided indicators of compromise and recommended that organizations follow their security policies to handle incidents properly. The U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) has also included this vulnerability on its list of actively exploited flaws and urged federal agencies to secure their systems immediately.

Over 240,000 BIG-IP instances are exposed online, raising concerns about the potential for attacks, which have previously been used by cybercriminals to compromise networks and steal data. F5 is a major technology provider serving many large organizations worldwide.

In the 1960s, Buddhism transformed significantly in California, becoming a popular spiritual path in America. This change was part of a longer evolution that started in the 19th century when Europeans began to study Buddhism, often misrepresenting it as superstitious. As Western interest grew, reformers in Asia responded to colonial pressures by modernizing Buddhist practices, aiming to make them relevant to contemporary society.

Key figures like the Burmese monk Ledi Sayadaw and the Sri Lankan monk Migettuwatte Gunananda Thera sought to revitalize Buddhism by engaging laypeople and adapting teachings to modern needs. In Japan, some monks integrated Western ideas, while in Thailand, King Mongkut reformed Buddhism to reject superstitions.

Buddhism entered the Western stage at the 1893 World Parliament of Religions in Chicago, where monks like Anagarika Dharmapala and Soyen Shaku promoted a modernized Buddhism. This version focused on unity and antiquity, often ignoring the complexities of different sects.

The Baby Boomers in the 1950s and 60s embraced Buddhism, seeking authentic experiences. Prominent figures like Shunryu Suzuki popularized Zen meditation in California, leading to the establishment of the San Francisco Zen Center. Meanwhile, the Insight Meditation Society introduced a secular approach to meditation that appealed to many seeking personal growth without the commitment of traditional monasticism.

By the 1980s, mindfulness meditation became mainstream, marketed as a mental health tool rather than a religious practice. This shift allowed Buddhism to thrive in a secular context, becoming integrated into American culture while losing its religious exclusivity.

Today, various forms of Western Buddhism coexist, often reflecting secular liberal values. While meditation is widely practiced, many engaging in these practices do not identify as Buddhists. The evolution of Buddhism in California exemplifies a successful cultural adaptation, but it also raises questions about the future of traditional Buddhist teachings and practices in a modern context.

QuickBEAM is a JavaScript runtime integrated into the Erlang/OTP environment. It allows you to run JavaScript within Erlang applications, which is useful for full-stack development since JavaScript is often needed for frontend and server-side rendering (SSR) tasks.

Key features of QuickBEAM include:

• Each JavaScript runtime operates as a process and can interact with Elixir code, send and receive messages, and manage other processes.
• It supports browser-like APIs (such as fetch, WebSocket, and localStorage) using Erlang's native features.
• It's designed for various uses, including SSR, running user code in a safe environment, handling per-connection states, and backend JavaScript that works directly with Erlang.

Notable aspects include:

• Supervised and restartable JavaScript runtimes.
• Memory and API restrictions for safe execution (sandboxing).
• Direct access to a native DOM by Erlang, eliminating the need for converting to strings.
• No need for JSON to transfer data between JavaScript and Erlang.
• Built-in support for TypeScript, npm, and native addons.

QuickBEAM is part of Elixir Volt, a complete frontend framework built on Erlang/OTP, without relying on Node.js. It is still in early development, and user feedback is encouraged.

The provided links reference academic articles, but without specific content to summarize, I cannot provide a concise summary. If you can share the main ideas or text from those articles, I'll be happy to help summarize them.

Daywork is developing a system called DX Harvester 1, which helps teams reuse components from retired electronics. This robotic system extracts and verifies components, aiming to significantly reduce downtime when parts are hard to find. Each recovered component comes with a report confirming its quality, helping teams avoid risks and expensive redesigns.

The service is designed for repair teams, hardware startups, and electronics processors facing supply issues. Here's how it works:

1. You provide a list of needed parts or send a bill of materials (BOM).
2. You ship your boards or assemblies for evaluation.
3. Daywork extracts, cleans, inspects, and tests the components.
4. You receive the recovered parts along with a verification report.

Typically, the process takes about 3-5 weeks for a pilot project, which is useful for evaluation and repairs. For mission-critical needs, qualifications are handled individually. You can get updates by emailing [email protected] or connecting on LinkedIn.

Summary of WDMHDA HD Audio Driver Project

• Overview: The WDMHDA is a driver for High Definition Audio (Azalia codec) aimed at Intel 915 and later onboard audio chipsets, designed for Windows 98SE and ME.

• Compatibility:

  • Officially supports Windows 98 SE and ME; may work on Windows 98 First Edition, but it has issues and isn’t recommended.
  • Not suitable for Windows 2000/XP, which already have a necessary driver update.

• Current Status: The driver is in Alpha stage and works in virtual environments (like VMware and VirtualBox) and with many Intel & VIA HD Audio controllers. Support for more hardware is still needed.

• Audio Issues: Users may experience various audio problems, including glitches, static, or silence. It’s not recommended for critical business applications; cheaper USB audio devices are suggested instead.

• System Requirements: Windows 9x may need patches to work with modern hardware. Specific patches are recommended for Intel's newer processors.

• Installation: Installation involves using Device Manager to install the driver. Adjustments in the Multimedia control panel are advised for optimal performance.

• Limitations:

  • Only supports 16-bit stereo audio at specific sample rates (22-48kHz).
  • Playback only; no recording or hardware mixing.
  • Limited volume control and lacks certain audio features.
  • May cause freezes or crashes on some hardware.

• Debugging: Instructions for obtaining debug logs are provided for users facing issues.

• Legal: The software is provided without warranty under the MIT License.

This summary simplifies the key features, limitations, and installation instructions of the WDMHDA HD Audio driver project.

Researchers have created a detailed 3D map of the clitoris's nerve structures for the first time, based on the work of Ju Young Lee and her team. This mapping reveals crucial information about the nerves that contribute to sexual pleasure and challenges previous misconceptions about clitoral anatomy. The clitoris has historically been under-researched due to cultural taboos around female sexuality.

Using high-energy X-rays, the team created scans of female pelvises, uncovering the complex network of nerves within the clitoris. Notably, they found that some nerve branches extend further than previously thought, which could help improve surgical outcomes for women undergoing pelvic operations. This research is vital for understanding female sexual function, especially in contexts like reconstructive surgery after female genital mutilation, which affects millions of women globally.

The findings could also enhance surgical techniques for vulvar cancer treatment and other procedures. Lee aims to raise awareness through a proposed exhibition on the clitoris at Amsterdam University Medical Center.

Summary of go-lsp

go-lsp is a Go library designed to help developers create servers that follow the Language Server Protocol (LSP). It simplifies handling JSON-RPC communication and LSP specifications, allowing developers to concentrate on their specific language functionalities.

Key Features:

• LSP Version: Supports LSP 3.17.
• Installation: Easily install using go get.
• Quick Start: Set up a server by defining a handler that implements necessary interfaces.
• Transport Options: Works with various communication methods like standard input/output, TCP, and WebSockets.
• Handler Interfaces: Implements various optional interfaces for additional features such as text document synchronization and language functionalities (e.g., completion, hover).

Supported Features:

• Lifecycle Methods: Initialization, shutdown, and exit.
• Text Document Sync: Handles opening, changing, saving, and closing documents.
• Language Features: Supports multiple features like completion, hover, formatting, and semantic tokens.
• Workspace Management: Manages workspace symbols and file operations.

Server Communication:

• The server can send messages, publish diagnostics, and show messages to the client.

Custom Methods:

• Allows registration of custom JSON-RPC methods and notifications.

Logging:

• Provides structured logging capabilities.

Testing:

• Includes a testing package to simulate an LSP client, making it easier to write unit tests.

Debug UI:

• Offers an optional web interface to monitor LSP traffic during development.

Project Structure:

• Composed of several packages for server management, LSP data types, testing, and JSON-RPC handling.

This library streamlines the process of building an LSP server in Go, making it accessible and efficient for developers to implement language-specific features.

Summary of Key Observations on Carbon Dioxide Monitoring During COVID-19

1. Carbon Dioxide as a Risk Indicator: Monitoring carbon dioxide (CO2) levels can help estimate the risk of COVID-19 transmission, as infected individuals release both virus aerosols and CO2 when they breathe.

2. Ventilation Matters: Good ventilation, such as open doors or windows, significantly reduces the risk of respiratory diseases. Cafes with open doors showed lower CO2 levels, indicating safer conditions.

3. Loud Activities Increase Risk: Speaking loudly or singing raises CO2 levels and the likelihood of virus transmission. Avoid crowded indoor spaces with loud activities during high transmission periods.

4. Crowding Affects Safety: More people in a room leads to higher CO2 concentrations. It’s safer to be in spacious areas with good ventilation.

5. Supermarkets and Doctors' Offices: Supermarkets can become unsafe during peak times due to high crowding. Doctors' offices often have poor ventilation, making them riskier, especially for vulnerable individuals.

6. Public Transport Risks: Trains and buses can be safe when not crowded, but high CO2 levels occur in crowded situations. Masks are recommended in these scenarios.

7. Airplane Safety: The safest time on an airplane is during mid-flight, while taxiing and boarding can be riskier due to higher CO2 levels. Wearing masks during these times is advisable.

8. Dining on Trains: Dining cars on trains often have better ventilation than coach cars, making them safer for eating.

9. Choose Spacious Indoor Locations: Large, high-ceiling spaces are generally safer for indoor activities. Observations in food halls showed lower CO2 levels during off-peak times.

These insights can help individuals make informed decisions about their safety and the safety of others during the pandemic.

ayaFlow Overview

ayaFlow is a high-performance network traffic analyzer that uses eBPF technology and is written in Rust. It operates as a DaemonSet in Kubernetes, providing efficient visibility into network traffic on a node with minimal resource usage.

Key Features:

• eBPF Integration: Captures network traffic directly from the kernel without needing additional libraries or privileged sidecars.
• Real-time Monitoring: Offers live dashboards and streaming data through a REST API and WebSocket.
• Data Persistence: Stores historical traffic data in an SQLite database with configurable retention settings.
• Deep Inspection: Can optionally extract domain information from encrypted traffic.
• Prometheus Metrics: Exports various traffic metrics for monitoring.

Architecture:

• Kernel Space: Captures network packets and sends them to a shared ring buffer.
• User Space: An async agent processes the buffer, maintains connection states, stores events, and provides an API.

Deployment:

• Can be easily deployed as a DaemonSet in Kubernetes.
• Recommended to run in a Docker container.

Installation:

• Install via Docker or build from source using Rust.
• Requires a compatible Linux kernel with eBPF support.

API Endpoints:

• /api/health: Health check.
• /api/stats: Traffic statistics.
• /api/live: Active connections.
• /api/history: Recent packets.
• /api/stream: WebSocket for live stats.
• /metrics: Prometheus metrics.

Performance:

• Low memory usage, stable performance observed during testing.

Licenses:

• Licensed under Apache 2.0 or MIT, with certain components under GPL for compatibility with Linux kernel.

In summary, ayaFlow is a robust solution for real-time network traffic analysis in Kubernetes environments, leveraging eBPF for efficiency and performance.

Crazierl is a hobby operating system based on BEAM. It has a browser demo that's easier to use on a computer than a phone, where you can share links and chat with friends. The demo uses a JavaScript virtual machine and can run on real x86 systems, though it may not work well on modern systems due to outdated features.

Crazierl has some limitations: it only supports 32-bit x86, BIOS boot, and two network drivers (virtio-net and realtek 8168). It can be part of an Erlang distribution cluster and supports multiple processors, but it can crash with many processor cores due to bugs. There’s also a lot of debugging information for TCP connections.

The source code is available on GitHub under the Apache license.

Sony has announced that it is halting the production of almost all its memory card products, including SD and CFexpress cards, due to a global shortage of solid-state memory. This decision affects all types of memory cards, from high-end to lower-end options, and they will no longer accept orders starting March 27, 2026. Only a few specific models remain in production.

The shortage is driven by high demand from AI data centers, which has led to increased prices and limited availability of memory components. Sony has apologized for any inconvenience and indicated it may resume production in the future, but did not provide a timeline. Once current stock is sold out, it will not be restocked until manufacturing resumes. Sony is the first major company in the photography sector to take this step, and others may follow.

The article explores the complex nature of adulthood and how people perceive life stages. The author reflects on personal experiences, particularly after getting married, and questions whether marriage signifies a new life stage.

Scientists and psychologists have historically defined life stages in various ways, such as through cognitive development or biological changes. Jean Piaget outlined stages of cognitive growth in children, while Erik Erikson proposed eight life stages that highlight emotional struggles at different ages. More recently, Jeffrey Jensen Arnett introduced "emerging adulthood" for those aged 18-29, and "established adulthood" for ages 30-45, to better reflect modern lifestyles.

Research indicates that many people define adulthood through psychological milestones—like taking responsibility or having stable careers—rather than traditional markers like marriage or turning eighteen. The author finds these newer definitions resonate more with current realities, as societal expectations around adulthood have shifted.

The piece emphasizes that life stages are not rigid and can vary greatly among individuals. The author and her husband ponder when their own life stage began, illustrating that personal experiences and emotional growth can redefine how we view adulthood. Ultimately, the article suggests that life stages should be understood more flexibly, recognizing the diverse paths people take.

The article by Paul Elie discusses the decline of nonfiction publishing and book reviewing, which threatens our understanding of the world. Key points include:

1. Recent Closures and Layoffs: The Washington Post's Book World section closed, and Simon & Schuster laid off notable nonfiction editors, highlighting ongoing cuts in the publishing industry.

2. Impact of Nonfiction: Nonfiction books are essential for combating misinformation and understanding complex issues. They provide depth and context that shorter media forms often lack.

3. Sales Decline: Nonfiction book sales have dropped significantly, with many people turning to free online sources for information instead of buying books. This trend endangers serious narrative nonfiction, which requires extensive research and time to produce.

4. Cultural Importance: Nonfiction underpins much of our media, including news and entertainment. However, the decline in serious reading is alarming, as many Americans are not engaging with books.

5. Resistance to Autocracy: In a society where freedom is threatened, deep reading and engagement with diverse narratives are crucial acts of resistance. Books provide a space for alternative viewpoints outside mainstream media.

6. Need for Book Reviews: Reviews help readers discover new ideas and narratives, underscoring the importance of a vibrant nonfiction culture.

Overall, the article stresses the vital role of narrative nonfiction in society and the dangers posed by its decline amidst a changing media landscape.

This text describes a tool called Sheet Ninja that allows users to easily turn a Google Sheet into a live API without coding. Here are the key points:

1. How It Works:

   • Create a database using a Google Sheet.
   • Paste the sheet link into Sheet Ninja, which then deploys a live API instantly.
   • Use the API in your applications without needing backend code or complex setups.

2. Benefits:

   • Simplifies the process of setting up databases and APIs.
   • Allows you to make real-time updates to your data without redeploying.
   • Offers a free tier to start, with paid plans for more extensive use.

3. Use Cases:

   • Create dashboards, QR menus, job boards, and more using Google Sheets as the backend.
   • Integrates with various AI tools like Replit, ChatGPT, and Claude, providing prompts to help with implementation.

4. Security:

   • The service is secure, keeping your sheet private and only accessible through a provided API key.

5. Support:

   • Users can edit their sheets directly, and any structural changes to the sheet update the API automatically.

In summary, Sheet Ninja streamlines the process of creating and managing live APIs using Google Sheets, making it accessible for users with little to no coding experience.

The author describes their consistent daily routine, which includes getting up early, exercising, and working on their computer. They express a love for typing, which began in elementary school when they learned to use a keyboard in a computer lab. Although they found some lessons boring, they believe those early lessons laid the foundation for their typing skills today.

In their teenage years, they bought a Razer Blackwidow mechanical keyboard, which they used for over a decade before upgrading to a new setup that includes a RK ROYAL KLUDGE R65 keyboard, an Epomaker TH33 numpad, and custom keycaps. They are very pleased with the typing experience of their new keyboard, describing it as satisfying and enjoyable.

The author also mentions the importance of keyboard programming and expresses gratitude for their typing skills, noting concerns about the declining typing abilities in younger generations. They believe that typing is a valuable skill that should not be overlooked. Finally, they invite others who share their enthusiasm for typing and keyboards to reach out.

Summary of v2f (Verilog to Factorio)

v2f is a tool designed for Factorio players that allows them to use Verilog to create combinator circuits. It outputs JSON blueprint strings that can be imported into Factorio 2.0 and provides APIs in Rust and Lua for designing circuits programmatically.

Getting Started:

1. Web Interface: You can access a simplified GUI version online to place and simulate combinators.
2. Local Setup: For a more hands-on approach, you can use Docker with VSCode:
   • Clone the repository and open it in VSCode; it will prompt you to reopen in a development container.
3. Using Lua: The Lua API allows you to create designs and simulate them. You can run your Lua files directly in the environment.
4. Command Line Interface (CLI):
   • Set up environment variables and use the CLI to run Lua scripts.
   • Example command: v2f -i xyz.lua -o blueprint.json to generate blueprints.

Development Options:

• Bare Metal Install: You can manually set up the software without Docker by installing required dependencies and building Yosys.

Documentation: The documentation provides detailed guidance on using the APIs, with a recommended focus on the Lua flow for beginners.

Examples and Features:

• A fully functional RISC-V 32-bit processor example is included, along with simulation capabilities and physical design rendering to visualize circuit layouts.
• Users can generate SVGs of their designs, which helps in understanding layouts before importing them into Factorio.

This tool aims to enhance the creative possibilities for players by combining programming with gameplay.

In her influential work, A Room of One’s Own, Virginia Woolf argues that women need financial independence and personal space to write effectively. While this idea emphasizes the importance of freedom, it also highlights the loneliness of the solitary writer, cut off from community and support.

Woolf's main point is that money represents freedom and the ability to think independently, allowing women to escape the constraints of traditional roles and underpaid jobs. She uses the character Mary Beton to illustrate how a modest income can provide the necessary conditions for creativity and genius. Woolf discusses historical figures like Shakespeare and Jane Austen to show how societal support and financial stability are crucial for artistic expression.

She critiques the class disparities of her time, noting that women's literary contributions were often overlooked due to their lack of resources compared to their male counterparts. Woolf highlights the importance of recognizing women's experiences and contributions, advocating for a literature that reflects their realities.

Despite the progress made since Woolf's time, such as increased opportunities for women, she notes that challenges remain, particularly regarding community and support for female writers. Woolf’s vision of the writer's isolation may have once seemed liberating but now feels sad, as it underscores the need for connection and collaboration among writers.

Ultimately, Woolf calls for a future where women's voices are heard and valued, emphasizing the importance of community in the creative process.

The text discusses that Kash Patel's personal email was hacked, as confirmed by the Department of Justice (DOJ). For more details, you can find related articles linked in the text.

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On March 23, 2026, a person shared their experience of setting up a Tesla Model 3 computer on their desk using parts from crashed cars. They participated in Tesla's bug bounty program, which requires the actual hardware to find security issues in vehicles.

To create the setup, they searched for a Tesla Model 3's Media Control Unit (MCU) and autopilot computer on eBay, finding parts priced between $200 and $300 from salvaging companies. Key components needed included a DC power supply, a touchscreen module, and a display cable. They chose a 10A power supply for safety and found a touchscreen for $175.

The most challenging part was finding the right cable to connect the MCU to the screen, as many sellers cut the cables. They discovered Tesla publicly shares wiring diagrams, which helped them understand the necessary connections. They attempted to use a similar cable from BMW, but it didn't fit, leading to some risky makeshift connections that ultimately damaged the computer.

After fixing the damage with professional help, they still needed the correct cable, which led them to buy a full wiring harness for $80, as individual cables weren't available. Finally, they successfully booted the car computer and touchscreen on their desk, allowing them to explore the system, user interface, and network connections.

The data on US inflation from 1913 to 2026 shows that the US dollar has lost 96.9% of its purchasing power since 1914. This decline was not gradual; instead, it occurred mainly during four significant inflationary periods that collectively account for 72% of the total price increase. These periods are:

1. World War I (1916-1920): Prices doubled due to wartime demand and shortages.
2. World War II and Post-War Boom (1941-1951): Price controls during the war led to a sharp increase in inflation after the controls were lifted.
3. Great Inflation (1968-1982): This was the longest and most severe episode, driven by policy failures and oil shocks, tripling prices.
4. Post-COVID Surge (2021-2023): A mix of fiscal stimulus and supply chain disruptions led to significant price increases.

Despite the dramatic losses in purchasing power, the dataset emphasizes that inflation is episodic rather than a steady decline, with longer periods of relative stability in between these bursts of inflation. The average inflation rate over this period has been 3.3%, but the current inflation rate as of February 2026 is 2.4%, which is close to historical norms.

Overall, the findings challenge the common belief that inflation erodes purchasing power slowly over time, demonstrating instead that it occurs in concentrated episodes.